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Evidence supporting the relationship between maternal asthma and risk for autism spectrum disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1101-1102页

作者： Hadley Osman paul Ashwood Department of medical microbiology and Immunology and the M.I.N.D.InstituteUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCAUSA

During pregnancy,maternal immune activation(mIA),due to infection,chronic inflammatory disorders,or toxic exposures,can result in lasting health impacts on the developing *** has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders,such as autism spectrum disorder(ASD)in the *** is characterized by increased repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and decreased *** of 2020,1 in 36 children are diagnosed with ASD by the age of 8 years,with ASD rates continuing to increase in prevalence in USA(Tamayo et al.,2023).Post-mortem brain studies,biomarker and transcriptomic studies,and epidemiology studies have provided compelling evidence of immune dysregulation in the circulation and brain of individuals diagnosed with ***,the etiology of ASD is largely unknown,however,genetic components and environmental factors can contribute to increased *** allergic asthma(mAA),a form of mIA,has been identified as a potential risk factor for developing neurodevelopmental disorders(Patel et al.,2020).Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition driven by a T-helper type(TH)2 immune response.

关键词： disorders epidemiology fetus

Residential electrical vehicle charging strategies:the good,the bad and the ugly

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2015年第2期3卷 190-202页

作者： mingming LIU paul mcnamara Robert SHORTEN Sean mCLOONE Hamilton Institute Maynooth UniversityMaynoothCo.KildareIreland Department of Electronic Engineering Maynooth UniversityMaynoothCo.KildareIreland Bm Research DublinIreland School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceQueen’s University BelfastBelfastUK

In recent years,a wide variety of centralised and decentralised algorithms have been proposed for residential charging of electric vehicles(EVs).In this paper,we present a mathematical framework which casts the EV charging scenarios addressed by these algorithms as optimisation problems having either temporal or instantaneous optimisation objectives with respect to the different actors in the power *** this framework and a realistic distribution network simulation testbed,we provide a comparative evaluation of a range of different residential EV charging strategies,highlighting in each case positive and negative characteristics.

关键词： Electric vehicle Smart grid Decentralised control Centralised control Demand side management

A computational sandbox with human automata for exploring perceived egress safety in urban damage scenarios

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第4期11卷 369-396页

作者： paul m.Torrens Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tandon School of Engineeringand Center for Urban Science+ProgressNew York UniversityBrooklynNYUSA

In earthquakes and building collapse situations,volumes of people may need to move,suddenly,through spaces that have been destroyed and seem unfamiliar in configuration and *** is significant in these cases,determining individual movement,collective egress,and phenomena in ***,exploring how perception shapes critical egress is tricky because perception is both physical and cerebral in genesis and because critical scenarios are often *** this paper,we describe a computational sandbox for studying urban damage *** model is built as automata,specialized as human automata and rigid body automata,with interactivity provided by *** sandbox supports parameterization of synthetic built settings and synthetic humans in fine detail for large interactive collections,allowing flexible analyses of damage scenarios and their determining processes,from micro-perspectives through to the macrocosm of the phenomena that might *** we have much work to do to improve the model relative to real-world fidelity,our work thus far has produced some meaningful results,supporting practical questions of how urban design and parking scenarios shape egress,and pointing to potential phenomena of perceptual shadowing as a translation mechanism for processes at the built-human interface.

关键词： Simulation perception movement

Pathobiology of the neutrophil-intestinal epithelial cell interaction:Role in carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第46期16卷 5790-5800页

作者： paul m Hofman Laboratory of Clinical Experimental PathologyHuman BiobankUniversity of Nice Sophia Antipolis

The role of chronic inflammation,acting as an independent factor,on the onset of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis is now well ***,even if there is an increase in the number of elements directly involving polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PmNL),as a major actor in digestive carcinogenesis,the different cellular and molecular events occurring in this process are still not completely *** transepithelial migration of PmNL,which is the ultimate step of the afflux of PmNL into the digestive mucosa,is a complex phenomenon involving sequential interaction of molecules expressed both on PmNL and on digestive epithelial *** inflammatory areas rich in PmNL [so-called (chronic active inflammation)] and iterative transepithelial migration of PmNL certainly evoke intracellular signals,which lead toward progressive transformation of *** these different signals,the mutagenic effect of reactive oxygen species and nitrates,the activation of the nuclear factor-κB pathway,and the modulation of expression of certain microRNA are key *** the initiation of carcinogenesis,PmNL are involved in the progression and invasion of digestive carcinomas,with which they *** is noteworthy that different subpopulations of PmNL,which can have some opposite effects on tumor growth,in association with different levels of transforming growth factor-β and with the number of CD8 positive T lymphocytes,could be present during the development of digestive *** factors that involve PmNL,such as massive elastase release,and the production of angiogenic factors,can participate in the progression of neoplastic cells through *** may play a major role in the onset of metastases,since they allow the tumor cells to cross the endothelial barrier and to migrate into the blood ***,PmNL play a role,alone or in association with other cell parameters,in the initiation,promotion,progression and dissemination of digestive carcinomas.

关键词： Neutrophils Intestinal epithelial cells Carcinogenesis Cytokines Nuclear factor-κB pathway microRNA Reactive oxygen species

Residual drift spectra for RC bridge columns subjected to near-fault earthquakes

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2021年第1期20卷 193-211页

作者： S.m.Seyed Ardakani m.Saiid Saiidi paul Somerville Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Ohio Northern University525 S.Main St.AdaOH 45810USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of NevadaRenoMS 258RenoNV 89557USA AECOm Technology Corporation One California Plaza300 S Grand AvenueLos AngelesCA 90017USA

Permanent displacement of a bridge column can be directly measured during the inspection after near-fault ***,the engineer needs to estimate the expected residual drift at the design stage to determine if the bridge seismic performance is *** most direct method to estimate the residual displacement is nonlinear response history analysis,which is time consuming and ***,an attractive but indirect method is generating estimated residual displacement spectra that depend on displacement ductility demand,column period,site conditions,and earthquake *** the period and the expected displacement ductility demand for the column,the residual drift response spectra curves can be utilized to estimate the residual drift *** drift spectra that are applicable to RC bridge columns in different parts of the United States were developed based on nonlinear response history analyses using a comprehensive collection of recorded and synthetic near-fault ground motions and were linked to one-second spectral acceleration(S1)of the AASHTO *** was also found that the residual drift ratio is below one percent when S1 is less than 0.6 g.

关键词： near-fault earthquake reinforced concrete bridge column residual displacement

Influences of Biochar and Biochar-mineral Complex on mycorrhizal Colonisation and Nutrition of Wheat and Sorghum

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 686-695页

作者： paul BLACKWELL Stephen JOSEPH paul mUNROE Hossain m.ANAWAR paul STORER Robert J.GILKES Zakaria m.SOLAImAN Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia Geraldton Regional Office School of materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle University of Wollongong School of Earth and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Australian mineral Fertilisers Pty Ltd. Soil Biology and molecular Ecology Group School of Earth and Environment and UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia

The high price of synthetic fertilisers and the price barrier for biochar as a soil amendment have encouraged the exploration of using biochar in fertiliser replacement formulations. Biochars coupled with fertilisers can be applied at lower application rates to achieve benefits in plant growth and nutrition, as well as soil biological fertility. It is necessary to evaluate the use of biochar as a fertiliser substitute. Therefore, this study investigated the comparative influences of biochars, including Acacia saligna （AS）, Simcoa jarrah （S J） and Wundowie jarrah （W J）, mineral fertiliser with microbes （mF ＋ m）, biochar-mineral complex （BmC） and their combination on mycorrhizal colonisation, growth and nutrition of wheat in a glasshouse experiment and sorghum in field conditions. BmC ＋ mF ＋ m treatment produced higher mycorrhizal colonisation than mF ＋ m alone, indicating that BmC had a significant role in increasing mycorrhizal colonisation. SJ （treated with acetic acid） and mF ＋ m treatments, as well as AS ＋ mF ＋ m application, showed similar effects on mycorrhizal colonisation, but lower colonisation than the BmC ＋ mF ＋ m treatment. Ovcrall~ the BmC ＋ mF ＋ m treatment supported the maximum shoot, root and total plant dry weight followed by AS ＋ mF ＋ m and WJ ＋ mF ＋ m. The mF ＋ m treatment had the maximum shoot N and K concentrations, while BmC ＋ mF ＋ m application had the maximum shoot P concentration. AS ＋ mF -4- m and WJ ＋ mF ＋ m treatments supported the maximum N uptake by wheat shoots, while BmC ＋ mF ＋ m supported the maximum P uptake. The results showed that biochars and BmCs could increase mycorrhizal colonisation, plant growth and nutrient uptake of wheat, particularly N, P, K, S and Zn. The field experiment confirmed that BmC application at a rate of 300 kg ha-1 could increase the yield of irrigated sorghum on a loam soil and provide better applied P use efficiency compared to a water-soluble fertiliser alone. These results indicated that biochar-based fer

关键词： carbon sequestration nutrient uptake P use efficiency soil biological fertility wheat production

An Efficient Tide-Surge Interaction model for the Coast of Bangladesh

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第1期34卷 56-68页

作者： m.mizanur RAHmAN Gour Chandra paul Ashabul HOQUE Department of mathematics Shahjalal University of Science&TechnologySylhet 3114Bangladesh Department of mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahi-6205Bangladesh

The numerical method of lines(mOLs)in coordination with the classical fourth-order Runge Kutta(RK(4,4))method is used to solve shallow water equations(SWEs)for foreseeing water levels owing to the nonlinear interaction of tide and surge accompanying with a storm along the coast of *** SWEs are developed by extending the body forces with tide generating forces(TGFs).Spatial variables of the SWEs along with the boundary conditions are approximated by means of finite difference technique on an Arakawa C-grid to attain a system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)of initial valued in time,which are being solved with the aid of the RK(4,4)*** grid technique is adopted to solve coastal complexities closely with least computational cost.A stable tidal solution in the region of our choice is produced by applying the tidal forcing with the major tidal constituent m2(lunar semi-diurnal)along the southern open-sea boundary of the outer *** experimentations are carried out to simulate water levels generated by the cyclonic storm AILA along the coast of *** model simulated results are found to be in a reasonable agreement with the limited available reported data and observations.

关键词： Bangladesh coast shallow water equations method of lines tide-surge interaction islands tide generating forces inverse barometer

Conductive polymer scaffolds to improve neural recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第12期12卷 1976-1978页

作者： Shang Song paul m.George Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Stanford stroke Center and Stanford University School of medicine Stanford CA USA

Injuries to the nervous system manifest in various forms ranging from stroke to trauma（i.e.,motor vehicle accidents,combats）to diabetic neuropathy as well as many other neurological *** regeneration remains a complex biological process that is challenging to address *** is no effective medical treatment for central nervous system repair.

关键词： Conductive polymer scaffolds improve neural recovery

Combining neural progenitor cell transplant and rehabilitation for enhanced recovery after cervical spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1433-1434页

作者： Camila m.Freria paul Lu Department of Neurosciences University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System San DiegoCAUSA

Efforts to promote recovery of function after human spinal cord injury(SCI) will likely require interventions to rgeting the corticospinal tract(CST) motor system:the most important pathway for voluntary motor control in *** system has historically been the most refractory to regenerative efforts after *** "nonregeneration" of the CST changed when robust regeneration of the CST into spared tissue was demonstrated by the inactivation of phosphatase and tensin homolog and delivery of inosine.

关键词： cervical progenitor injury