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Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor H Ahlqvist Christina Dardani paul Madley-Dowd Harriet Forbes jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil M Davies Brian K Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj Rai Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental Health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.j.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical Sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,p<0.001)—a correlation that was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,p<0.001).Findings from Mendelian randomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny paul McKenna Mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald Willi julien Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environmental gradients in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter j.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane DENYS Graham R.SCOTT Catherine M.IVY Department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa Department of Mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance Department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and Shoemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

Morphometric studies of 3D micro CT-scanned images can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the most diverse mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain morphology of rodents,from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African murid(soft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats,Otomyini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North American cricetid(deer mice and white-footed mice,Peromyscus)*** studies demon-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted species of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromyscus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system(turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs,between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other species in the same *** observed greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones,which have important respiratory functions,in Peromyscus mice from high and low elevations compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns within Peromyscus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3D morphometrics Africa brain size North America Rodentia sensory evolution

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Utility of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for studying somatic mosaicism:brain malformations and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2389-2390页

作者： Wei Shern Lee paul j.Lockhart Bruce Lefroy Centre Murdoch Children’s Research InstituteParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Paediatrics The University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia

Somatic variants and how to find them:One major challenge in studying somatic mosaicism is the low abundance of potentially pathogenic somatic variant(s).Unlike inherited germline variants,which are essentially present in all cells,pathogenic somatic variants only exist in a subset of cells and may be present at very low (<1%)variant allele frequency (VAF).Despite the low VAF,these somatic variants are disease-relevant and considered *** the context of focal brain malformations,which constitute a frequent cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy,a pathogenic somatic mammalian ta rget of rapamycin (MTOR)variant with a VAF of 0.3%has been described(Baldassari et al.,2019).The identification of pathogenic somatic variants has importa nt implications both clinically and biologically.

关键词： epilepsy beyond

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Preserving the past or past preserving: sustaining the legacy of postmodern museum architecture

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Built Heritage 2022年第2期6卷 24-42页

作者： paul j.Armstrong paul H.Kapp Illinois School of Architecture University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign117 Buell Hall611 Taft DriveChampaignIL 61820USA

The publication of Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture in 1964 signaled the end of *** reality was that the modern movement had already jettisoned its ideological underpinnings and had become merely another‘style.’The avant garde architects in Europe and in North America were ready to move on and saw Postmodernism as a liberating antidote to the strictures of high *** architectural styles,which had been vilified as antiquated and out of step with modern culture,were revived,reinterpreted,and ***,Postmodernism,which had burned brightly during the 1970s and 1980s,was superseded by other architectural movements,namely,Deconstructivism,Pluralism,during the waning years of the 12th *** though new building forms and design theory changed during Postmodernism,building technology remained the *** walls continued to be built as skins,comprised of either glass,masonry,metal,or synthetic cladding,which were hung of steel or concrete *** membranes covered essentially flat *** infiltration was managed in ever complex composite wall *** important,environmental systems decoupled nature from interiors and were designed to manage ever demanding humidity control *** the development of new building technology,Modernism severed design style from traditional *** re-introducing historical forms back into architecture,Postmodernism complicated ***,Postmodernism and its successors rarely developed new technological ideas by introducing more intricate building forms,which were based on theoretical ideas rather than technical ones,while continuing to employ Modernism building technology into their *** inherent paradox is the most consequential challenge in preserving ***,approximately 40 years after its inception,we must consider if,in some *** it tenable to preserve Postmodern buildings?This paper reasse

关键词： Postmodernism Modern movement Preservation Museums Materials Technology Moisture Memory Adaptation

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Limosilactobacillus mucosae FZjTZ26M3 prevents NAFLD in mice through modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1589-1601页

作者： Danting Dang Bowen Li Mengfan Ding Rpaul Ross Catherine Stanton jianxin Zhao Bo Yang Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International joint Research Center for Probiotics&Gut Health Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China APC Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCork T12 YT20Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre MooreparkFermoyCork T12 YT20Ireland National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFLD were investigated in this ***-old male C57BL/6j mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZjTZ26M3,FGSYC17L3).*** FZjTZ26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of *** to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after *** FZjTZ26M3 *** pathology showed that *** FZjTZ26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFLD ***,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that *** FZjTZ26M3 could alleviate NAFLD by regulating lipid ***,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after *** FZjTZ26M3 ***,*** FZjTZ26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFLD.

关键词： Limosilactobacillus mucosae Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Probiotic Lipid metabolism Gut microbiota

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A Rare Case of Concordant Atrioventricular Connection to L-Looped Ventricles in Situs Solitus:4-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 3D Printing

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第4期17卷 387-392页

作者： Gregory Perens Takegawa Yoshida j.paul Finn UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital Children’s Heart CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory Department of Radiology12222 David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA

An infant male presented with the rare anatomy consisting of situs solitus,concordant atrioventricular connections to L-looped ventricles,double outlet right ventricle(DORV),and hypoplastic aortic arch.6 months after neonatal aortic arch repair,the morphologic right ventricle function deteriorated,and surgical evaluation was undertaken to determine if either biventricular repair with a systemic morphologic left ventricle or right ventricular exclusion was *** initial echocardiography,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)was used to create detailed axial and 4-dimensional(4D)images and 3-dimensional(3D)printed *** detailed anatomy of this rare,complex case and its use in pre-surgical planning is presented.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging cardiac segments 3D printing

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Modified EASL-CLIF criteria that is easier to use and perform better to prognosticate acute-on-chronic liver failure

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World journal of Hepatology 2022年第2期14卷 420-428页

作者： paul j Thuluvath Feng Li Institute of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases Mercy Medical CenterBaltimoreMD 21202United States Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21202United States

BACKGROUND We have recently shown that the European Association for the Study of the Liver-Chronic Liver Failure Consortium(EASL-CLIF)criteria showed a better sensitivity to detect acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)with a better prognostic capability than the North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease *** To simplify EASL-CLIF criteria for ease of use without sacrificing its sensitivity and prognostic *** Using the United Network for Organ Sharing data(january 11,2016,to August 31,2020),we modified EASL-CLIF(mEACLF)criteria;the modified mEACLF criteria included six organ failures(OF)as in the original EASL-CLIF,but renal failure was defined as creatinine≥2.35 mg/dL and coagulation failure was defined as international normalized ratio(INR)≥*** mEACLF grades(0,1,2,and≥3)directly reflected the number of *** Of the 40357 patients,14044 had one or more OF,and 9644 had ACLF grades 1-3 by EASL-CLIF *** the mEACLF criteria,15574 patients had one or more *** area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC)for 30-d allcause mortality by OF was 0.842(95%CI:0.831-0.853)for mEACLF and 0.835(95%CI:0.824-0.846)for EASL-CLIF(P=0.006),and AUROC for 30-d transplantfree mortality by OF was 0.859(95%CI:0.849-0.869)for mEACLF and 0.851(95%CI:0.840-0.861)for EASL-CLIF(P=0.001).The AUROC of 30-d all-cause mortality by ACLF grades was 0.842(95%CI:0.831-0.853)for mEACLF and 0.793(95%CI:0.781-0.806)for EASL-CLIF(P<0.0001).The AUROC of 30-d transplant-free mortality by ACLF was 0.859(95%CI:0.848-0.869)for mEACLF and 0.805(95%CI:0.793-0.817)for EASL-CLIF(P<0.0001).CONCLUSION Our study showed that EASL-CLIF criteria for ACLF grades could be simplified for ease of use without losing its prognostication capability and sensitivity.

关键词： Acute on chronic liver failure Organ failure 30-d transplant-free mortality Liver transplantation EASL-CLIF criteria

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New and emerging therapies in gout

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2023年第2期3卷 70-77页

作者： Reeta james Binoy j.paul Department of General Medicine KMCT Medical CollegeCalicutIndia Department of Rheumatology KMCT Medical CollegeCalicutIndia

Gout is a disease that has been pestering humankind for ***,gout therapeutics has always been a field of ongoing *** from colchicine,which was the first drug to come into use,to the latest inflammasome inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies,therapies for gout have evolved remarkably over the *** gout-related research came to a standstill in the late 20th century,the 21st century witnessed a renaissance in gout therapeutics with the advent of new xanthine oxidase *** present armamentarium against gout includes drugs that exploit the newfound knowledge about the various mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of gout as well as drugs used in other conditions,which are effective in gout as *** more drugs that promise better management of gout in the future are in the pipeline.

关键词： caspase inhibitor gout inflammasome inhibitor urate transporter-1 inhibition

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Mechanically durable,super-repellent 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle surfaces

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5678-5686页

作者： Sajad Haghanifar Anthony j Galante Mehdi Zarei jun Chen Susheng Tan paul W Leu Department of Industrial Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Peterson Institute of NanoScience and Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Three-dimensional(3D)printed re-entrant micropillars have demonstrated high static contact angles for an unprecedented variety of liquids,but have yet to achieve this with low contact angle hysteresis and excellent abrasion *** report on the demonstration of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle structures that exhibit high static contact angle,low contact angle hysteresis,and high mechanical *** and microcells both exhibit high static contact angles with water and ethylene glycol(EG),but suffer from high contact angle hysteresis,indicative of rose petal *** modeling results indicate that micropillars are able to achieve higher static contact angle and breakthrough pressure simultaneously compared with ***,simulations also indicate that micropillars have higher maximum equivalent stress at their bases,so that they are more prone to mechanical *** address contact angle hysteresis and mechanical durability issues by the creation of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle arrays that demonstrate super-repellency and retain their super-repellency after 100 cycles of mechanical abrasion with a Scotch-Brite abrasive pad under a pressure of 1.2 *** use of interconnected microcell structures as opposed to micropillars addresses mechanical durability *** contact angle hysteresis is realized by coating 3D printed structures with low surface energy nanoparticles,which lowers the solid–liquid contact area *** results demonstrate new 3D printed structures with mechanical durability and super-repellency through the use of microcell structures integrated with fluorinated nanoparticles.

关键词： superomniphobicity three-dimensional(3D)printing surface evolver mechanical durability microcell re-entrant micropillar

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