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中国生物医学工程学报 1998年第4期17卷 350-354页

作者：陈小安 paul,j.P 重庆大学

本文用ＶＩＣＯＮ运动分析系统研究日常活动中单侧负重条件下，常人水平地面变方向行走的步态，重点分析了步态循环周期中各步相的特征以及地面对足的三维反作用力规律，并且与有关文献的结果进行了比较。

关键词：步态变方向行走反作用力

Structure-guided Capacitance Relationships in Oxidized Graphene Porous Materials Based Supercapacitors

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第4期6卷 58-69页

作者： Srinivas Gadipelli Hanieh Akbari juntao Li Christopher A.Howard Hong Zhang paul R.Shearing Dan j.L.Brett College of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUK Department of Physics and Astronomy University College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK

Supercapacitors formed from porous carbon and graphene-oxide(GO)materials are usually dominated by either electric double-layer capacitance,pseudo-capacitance,or *** to these combined features,reduced GO materials have been shown to offer superior capacitance over typical nanoporous carbon materials;however,there is a significant variation in reported values,ranging between 25 and 350 F g^(−1).This undermines the structure(e.g.,oxygen functionality and/or surface area)-performance relationships for optimization of cost and scalable *** work demonstrates important structure-controlled charge storage *** this,a series of exfoliated graphene(EG)derivatives are produced via thermal-shock exfoliation of GO precursors and following controlled graphitization of EG(GEG)generates materials with varied amounts of porosity,redox-active oxygen groups and graphitic *** results show significantly varied capacitance values between 30 and 250 F g^(−1)at 1.0 A g^(−1)in GEG structures;this suggests that for a given specific surface area the redox-active and hydrophilic oxygen content can boost the capacitance to 250–300%higher compared to typical mesoporous carbon *** with identical oxygen functionality show a surface area governed *** allows to establish direct structure-performance relationships between 1)redox-active oxygen functional concentration and capacitance and 2)surface area and capacitance.

关键词： electric double-layer capacitance graphene-oxide pseudocapacitance structure-performance relationships supercapacitors

A framework for the regional critical zone classi?cation: the case of the Chinese Loess Plateau

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National Science Review 2019年第1期6卷 14-18页

作者： Yihe Lü jian Hu Bojie Fu paul Harris Lianhai Wu Xiaolin Tong Yingfei Bai Alexis j.Comber State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences joint Center for Global Change Studies Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu University Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Rothamsted Research

The concept of the Earth’s Critical Zone(CZ)—the near-surface heterogeneous environment of our planet—was originally defined to include the land surface,vegetation canopy, rivers, lakes and shallow seas [1]. CZ accommodates interactions among air, water, soil, rock and living organisms, and determines the availability of life-sustaining resources needed for the well-being and sustainability of human society. Therefore, there are new opportunities for integrative studies of

关键词： the case of the Chinese Loess Plateau CLP CZ

Utilizing the ultrasensitive Schistosoma up-converting phosphor lateral flow circulating anodic antigen(UCP-LF CAA)assay for sample pooling-strategies

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1379-1391页

作者： paul L.A.M.Corstjens Pytsje T.Hoekstra Claudia j.de Dood Govert j.van Dam Department of Molecular Cell Biology Leiden University Medical CenterP.O.Box 96002300RCLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical CenterP.O.Box 96002300RCLeidenThe Netherlands

Background:Methodological applications of the high sensitivity genus-specific Schistosoma CAA strip test,allowing detection of single worm active infections(ultimate sensitivity),are discussed for efficient utilization in sample pooling *** relevant cost reduction,pooling of samples rather than individual testing can provide valuable data for large scale mapping,surveillance,and ***:The laboratory-based CAA strip test utilizes luminescent quantitative up-converting phosphor(UCP)reporter particles and a rapid user-friendly lateral flow(LF)assay *** test includes a sample preparation step that permits virtually unlimited sample concentration with urine,reaching ultimate sensitivity(single worm detection)at 100%*** facilitates testing large urine pools from many individuals with minimal loss of sensitivity and *** test determines the average CAA level of the individuals in the pool thus indicating overall worm burden and *** requiring test results at the individual level,smaller pools need to be analysed with the pool-size based on expected prevalence or when unknown,on the average CAA level of a larger group;CAA negative pools do not require individual test results and thus reduce the number of ***:Straightforward pooling strategies indicate that at sub-population level the CAA strip test is an efficient assay for general mapping,identification of hotspots,determination of stratified infection levels,and accurate monitoring of mass drug administrations(MDA).At the individual level,the number of tests can be reduced *** low endemic settings as the pool size can be increased as opposed to prevalence ***:At the sub-population level,average CAA concentrations determined in urine pools can be an appropriate measure indicating worm *** strategies allowing this type of large scale testing are feasible with the various CAA strip test formats and do not affect sens

关键词： Schistosomiasis Diagnostics Sample pooling Mass drug administration Circulating anodic antigen Lateral flow Strip test Up-converting reporter particle UCP-LF CAA

Malnutrition in cirrhosis:More food for thought

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World journal of Hepatology 2020年第11期12卷 883-896页

作者： Brooke Chapman Marie Sinclair paul j Gow Adam G Testro Nutrition and Dietetics Department Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084Australia Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084Australia

Malnutrition is highly prevalent in liver cirrhosis and its presence carries important prognostic *** clinical conditions and pathophysiological mechanisms that cause malnutrition in cirrhosis are multiple and *** and liver decompensation symptoms lead to poor dietary intake;metabolic changes characterised by elevated energy expenditure,reduced glycogen storage,an accelerated starvation response and protein catabolism result in muscle and fat wasting;and,malabsorption renders the cirrhotic patient unable to fully absorb or utilise food that has been *** is therefore a considerable challenge to manage effectively,particularly as liver disease progresses.A high energy,high protein diet is recognised as standard of care,yet patients struggle to follow this recommendation and there is limited evidence to guide malnutrition interventions in cirrhosis and liver *** this review,we seek to detail the factors which contribute to poor nutritional status in liver disease,and highlight complexities far greater than“poor appetite”or“reduced oral intake”leading to *** also discuss management strategies to optimise nutritional status in this patient group,which target the inter-related mechanisms unique to advanced liver ***,future research requirements are suggested,to develop effective treatments for one of the most common and debilitating complications afflicting cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Malnutrition Cirrhosis Liver transplantation Chronic liver disease Nutrition Sarcopenia

Vegetable Production After Flooded Rice Improves Soil Properties in the Red River Delta, Vietnam

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 130-139页

作者： Arij P.EVERAARTS jacques j.NEETESON Pham T.T.HUONG paul C.STRUIK Applied Plant Research Wageningen University and Research Centre Plant Research International Wageningen University and Research Centre Field Crop Research Institute Hai Duong and Hanoi University of Agriculture Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Wageningen University

Vegetable production in South East Asia often is in rotation with flooded rice. The puddling of the soil with flooded rice production may result in unfavourable soil conditions for the subsequent production of dry land crops. To establish whether permanent vegetable production results in favourable soil conditions for vegetables, the effects of five different permanent vegetable production systems and a system of vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice on soil properties after flooded rice were studied in a 2-year field experiment. Bulk density at 0.05–0.10 m depth layer decreased with permanent vegetable production and vegetable production in rotation with flooded rice. The decrease in bulk density was influenced by the application of organic manure and rice husks, and especially by the number of crops cultivated, suggesting that frequency of soil tillage had a major effect on bulk density. Ploughing with buffalo traction after flooded rice, in combination with construction of raised beds, could reduce or totally eliminate negative effects of puddling on soil structure. Bulk density at 0.15–0.20 m soil depth was not influenced. Soil acidity decreased significantly in all systems. Soil organic carbon increased in all systems, but significant increase was only found in two permanent vegetable production systems. Available phosphorus(P) significantly increased in two permanent vegetable production systems, with a positively correlation to the amount of P applied. The significant decrease in bulk density and increase in p H(H2O), after only 2 years, showed that soil conditions after flooded rice could be improved in a short time under intensive vegetable production.

关键词： available phosphorus bulk density organic carbon puddling soil fertility soil improvement

Integrative taxonomy of the Russet Bush Warbler Locustella mandelli complex reveals a new species from central China

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Chinese Birds 2015年第2期6卷 60-91页

作者： Per Alstrom Canwei Xia Pamela C Rasmussen Urban Olsson Bo Dai jian Zhao paul j Leader Geoff j Carey Lu Dong Tianlong Cai paul I Holt Hung Le Manh Gang Song Yang Liu Yanyun Zhang Fumin Lei Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Swedish Species Information Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal University Department of Integrative Biology and MSU Museum Michigan State University Bird Group The Natural History Museum at Tring Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences Systematics and BiodiversityUniversity of Gothenburg College of Life Sciences Leshan Normal University State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and College of Ecology and Evolution Sun Yat-sen University c/o AEC Ltd 121–127 Commercial CentrePalm SpringsYuen LongHong Kong College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bracken Dean PendletonClitheroeLancashire BB7 1PTUK Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology

Background: The Russet Bush Warbler Locustella(previously Bradypterus) mandelli complex occurs in mountains in the eastern Himalayas, southern China, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia. The taxonomy has been debated,with one(L. seebohmi) to four(L. seebohmi, L. mandelli, L. montis and L. timorensis) species having been ***: We used an integrative approach, incorporating analyses of morphology, vocalizations and a molecular marker, to re-evaluate species limits in the L. mandelli ***: We found that central Chinese L. mandelli differed from those from India through northern Southeast Asia to southeast China in plumage, morphometrics and song. All were easily classified by song, and(wing + culmen)/tail ratio overlapped only marginally. Both groups were reciprocally monophyletic in a mitochondrial cytochrome b(cytb) gene tree, with a mean divergence of 1.0 ± 0.2%. They were sympatric and mostly altitudinally segregated in the breeding season in southern Sichuan province. We found that the Mt Victoria(western Myanmar) population differed vocally from other L. mandelli, but no specimens are available. Taiwan Bush Warbler L. alishanensis was sister to the L. mandelli complex, with the most divergent song. Plumage, vocal and cytb evidence supported the distinctness of the south Vietnamese L. mandelli idonea. The Timor Bush Warbler L. timorensis, javan Bush Warbler *** and Benguet Bush Warbler L. seebohmi differed distinctly in plumage, but among-population song variation in L. montis exceeded the differences between some populations of these taxa, and mean pairwise cytb divergences were only 0.5–0.9%. We also found that some L. montis populations differed ***: We conclude that the central Chinese population of Russet Bush Warbler represents a new species,which we describe herein, breeding at mid elevations in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan and Guizhou *** taxonomic status of the other allopatric populati

关键词： Bradypterus Cryptic species Locustella seebohmi Locustella mandelli Locustella montis Locustella timorensis Locustella alishanen

Changes in fetal mannose and other carbohydrates induced by a maternal insulin infusion in pregnant sheep

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 222-229页

作者： Laura D Brown Stephanie R Thorn Alex Cheung jinny R Lavezzi Frederick C Battaglia paul j Rozance Perinatal Research Center Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine Center for Women’s Health Research University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine

Background： The importance of non-glucose carbohydrates, especially mannose and inositol, for normal development is increasingly recognized. Whether pregnancies complicated by abnormal glucose transfer to the fetus also affect the regulation of non-glucose carbohydrates is unknown. In pregnant sheep, maternal insulin infusions were used to reduce glucose supply to the fetus for both short （2-wk） and long （8-wk） durations to test the hypothesis that a maternal insulin infusion would suppress fetal mannose and inositol concentrations. We also used direct fetal insulin infusions （1-wk hyperinsulinemic-isoglycemic clamp） to determine the relative importance of fetal glucose and insulin for regulating non-glucose carbohydrates. Results： A maternal insulin infusion resulted in lower maternal （50%, P 〈 0.01） and fetal （35-45%, P 〈 0.01） mannose concentrations, which were highly correlated （r^2 = 0.69, P 〈 0.01）. A fetal insulin infusion resulted in a 50% reduction of fetal mannose （P 〈 0.05）. Neither maternal nor fetal plasma inositol changed with exogenous insulin infusions. Additionally, maternal insulin infusion resulted in lower fetal sorbitol and fructose （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions： Chronically decreased glucose supply to the fetus as well as fetal hyperinsulinemia both reduce fetal non-glucose carbohydrates. Given the role of these carbohydrates in protein glycosylation and lipid production, more research on their metabolism in pregnancies complicated by abnormal glucose metabolism is clearly warranted.

关键词： Fructose Glucose Inositol Insulin Mannose Pregnancy

Sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke:clinical relevance and management strategies for the neurologist

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 258-266页

作者： Kevin C j Yuen Valerie Sharf Elizabeth Smith Minhwan Kim Alissya S M Yuen paul R MacDonald Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA Midwestern University GlendaleIllinoisUSA Creighton University School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA University of California Davis DavisCaliforniaUSA

Sodium and water perturbations,manifesting as hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,are common in patients who had an acute stroke,and are associated with worse outcomes and increased *** non-stroke related causes of sodium and water perturbations in these patients include underlying comorbidities and concomitant ***,hospitalised patients who had an acute stroke may receive excessive intravenous hypotonic solutions,have poor fluid intake due to impaired neurocognition and consciousness,may develop sepsis or are administered drugs(eg,mannitol);factors that can further alter serum sodium *** and water perturbations can also be exacerbated by the development of endocrine consequences after an acute stroke,including secondary adrenal insufficiency,syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and diabetes ***,COVID-19 infection has been reported to increase the risk of development of sodium and water perturbations that may further worsen the outcomes of patients who had an acute *** there are currently no accepted consensus guidelines on the management of sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke,we conducted a systematic review of the literature published in English and in peer-reviewed journals between january 2000 and December 2020,according to PRISMA guidelines,to assess on the current knowledge and clinical practices of this *** this review,we discuss the signs and symptoms of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,the pathogenesis of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,their clinical relevance,and we provide our recommendations for effective treatment strategies for the neurologist in the management of sodium and water perturbations in commonly encountered aetiologies of patients who had an acute stroke.

关键词： patients impaired consequences

Variability in conflict of interest disclosures by physicians presenting trauma research

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World journal of Orthopedics 2017年第4期8卷 329-335页

作者： Kevin Wong paul H Yi Rohith Mohan Kevin j Choo Boston University Medical Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of California San Francisco Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochester

AIM To quantify the variability of financial disclosures by authors presenting orthopaedic trauma research. METHODS Self-reported authorship disclosure information published for the 2012 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons(AAOS) and Orthopaedic Trauma Association(OTA) meetings was compiled from meeting programs. Both the AAOS and OTA required global disclosures for participants. Data collected included:(1) total number of presenters;(2) number of presenters with financial disclosures;(3) number of disclosures per author;(4) total number of companies supporting each author; and(5) specific type of disclosure. Disclosures made by authors presenting at more than one meeting were then compared for *** Of the 5002 and 1168 authors presenting at the AAOS and OTA annual meetings, respectively, 1649(33%) and 246(21.9%) reported a financial disclosure(P jority of authors with disclosures reported three or more disclosures(n = 876, 53.1%). The most common cited disclosurewas as a paid consultant(51.5%) followed by research support(43.0%) and paid speaker(34.8%). Among the 256 physicians with financial disclosures presenting at the OTA conference, the mean number of disclosures was 4.03 with a range from 1 to 22. Similar to the AAOS conference, the majority of authors with any disclosures at the OTA conference reported three or more disclosures(n = 140, 54.7%). Most authors with a disclosure had three or more disclosures and the most common type of disclosure was paid consulting. At the OTA conference, the most commonly cited form of disclosure was paid consultant(54.3%) followed by research support(46.1%) and paid speaker(42.6%). Of the 346 researchers who presented at both meetings, 112(32.4%) authors were found to have at least one disclosure discrepancy. Among authors with a discrepancy, 36(32.1%) had three or

关键词： Conflict of interest Financial disclosures Ethics American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Orthopaedic Trauma Association