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Measurement of in-plane deformations of microsystems by digital holography and speckle interferometry(Invited Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第12期7卷 1109-1112页

作者： G. Pedrini j. Gaspar O. paul W. Osten Institut fr Technische Optik Universitt Stuttgart Department of Microsystems Engineering-IMTEK Universitt Freiburg

The reliability of microsystems is an important issue and for their quality inspection, it is necessary to know the displacements or deformations due to the applied mechanical, thermal, or electrostatic loads. We show how interferometrical techniques like digital holography and speckle interferometry can be used for the measurement of in plane deformations of microsystems with nanometric accuracy and we give a description of the measurement uncertainties.

关键词： Invited Paper Measurement of in-plane deformations of microsystems by digital holography and speckle interferometry

Mechanically durable,super-repellent 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle surfaces

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5678-5686页

作者： Sajad Haghanifar Anthony j Galante Mehdi Zarei jun Chen Susheng Tan paul W Leu Department of Industrial Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Peterson Institute of NanoScience and Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Three-dimensional(3D)printed re-entrant micropillars have demonstrated high static contact angles for an unprecedented variety of liquids,but have yet to achieve this with low contact angle hysteresis and excellent abrasion *** report on the demonstration of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle structures that exhibit high static contact angle,low contact angle hysteresis,and high mechanical *** and microcells both exhibit high static contact angles with water and ethylene glycol(EG),but suffer from high contact angle hysteresis,indicative of rose petal *** modeling results indicate that micropillars are able to achieve higher static contact angle and breakthrough pressure simultaneously compared with ***,simulations also indicate that micropillars have higher maximum equivalent stress at their bases,so that they are more prone to mechanical *** address contact angle hysteresis and mechanical durability issues by the creation of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle arrays that demonstrate super-repellency and retain their super-repellency after 100 cycles of mechanical abrasion with a Scotch-Brite abrasive pad under a pressure of 1.2 *** use of interconnected microcell structures as opposed to micropillars addresses mechanical durability *** contact angle hysteresis is realized by coating 3D printed structures with low surface energy nanoparticles,which lowers the solid–liquid contact area *** results demonstrate new 3D printed structures with mechanical durability and super-repellency through the use of microcell structures integrated with fluorinated nanoparticles.

关键词： superomniphobicity three-dimensional(3D)printing surface evolver mechanical durability microcell re-entrant micropillar

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Eye and Vision 2019年第1期6卷 322-330页

作者： Ke Cao Srujana Sahebjada Andrea j.Richardson paul N.Baird Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalMelbourneAustralia. Department of Surgery OphthalmologyThe University of Melbourne32 Gisborne StreetEast MelbourneVIC 3000Australia

Background:Keratoconus(KC)is a common corneal condition with an unknown gender *** numerous studies have investigated the genetic component of KC,no specific genes have yet been attributed to the *** recently reported posterior segment changes occurring in the eyes of KC ***,it is not clear whether these changes are part of KC pathogenesis or reflect changes in anatomical features of the eye manifested by changes at the *** retinal changes represent the main characteristics observed in agerelated macular degeneration(AMD)and that pleiotropy has been demonstrated between different eye diseases,we wished to assess if known AMD associated genes were also associated with ***:A total of 248 KC subjects and 366 non-KC(control)subjects were recruited from public and private clinics in Melbourne for this *** single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)previously associated with AMD,including rs10490924(ARMS2/HTRA1),rs10737680(CFH),rs13278062(TNFRSF10A),rs1864163(CETP),rs2230199(C3),rs3130783(IER3/DDR1),rs334353(TGFBR1),rs3812111(COL10A1),rs429608(C2/CFB),rs4420638(APOE),rs4698775(CFI),rs5749482(TIMP3),rs6795735(ADAMTS9),rs8017304(RAD51B),rs8135665(SLC16A8),rs920915(LIPC),rs943080(VEGFA),rs9542236(B3GALTL)and rs13081855(COL8A1/FILIP1L),were genotyped in this *** regression was applied to evaluate the association between these SNPs and KC on both genders together,as well as each gender *** regression was also applied to assess the association between SNPs and corneal *** correction was applied to adjust for multiple ***:Genotyping data were available for 18 *** SNP,rs6795735(ADAMTS9)was significantly associated with KC(p=3.5×10−4)when both genders were assessed,whereas rs5749482(TIMP3)was only associated in males(p=7.7×10−4)following Bonferroni multiple ***,when the covariates of age and gender were included,the associations became non-sign

关键词： Keratoconus Gender Genetic Age-related macular degeneration

Comprehensive validation of a diagnostic strategy for sequencing genes with one or multiple pseudogenes using pseudoxanthoma elasticum as a model

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journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第4期48卷 289-299页

作者： Wouter Steyaert Shana Verschuere paul j.Coucke Olivier M.Vanakker Center for Medical Genetics Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium bDepartment of Biomolecular Medicine Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium Department of Human Genetics Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands

Pseudogenes are frequently encountered noncoding sequences with a high sequence similarity to their protein-coding *** this reason,their presence is often considered troublesome in molecular *** pseudoxanthoma elasticum(PXE),a disease predominantly caused by mutations in ATPbinding cassette family C member 6(ABCC6),the presence of two pseudogenes complicates the analysis of sequence *** whole-exome sequencing(WES)becoming the standard of care in molecular diagnostics,we wanted to evaluate whether this technique is as reliable as gene-specific targeted enrichment analysis for the analysis of *** established a PCR-based targeted enrichment and next-generation sequencing testing approach and demonstrated that the ABCC6-specific enrichment combined with the applied mapping algorithm overcomes the complication of ABCC6 pseudogene aspecificities,contrary to *** propose a time-and cost-efficient diagnostic strategy for comprehensive and accurate molecular genetic testing of PXE,which is highly automatable.

关键词： Pseudoxanthoma elasticum ABCC6 Pseudogenes Next-generation sequencing Whole-exome sequencing Targeted enrichment

Phyllanthus emblica *** alleviates leptin resistance and lipid accumulation by inhibiting methylglyoxal production

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Food Bioscience 2023年第3期53卷 1278-1289页

作者： Yue-Ning Huang Sheng-Yi Chen jer-An Lin I-Chen Chiang gow-Chin Yen Department of Food Science and Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University145 Xingda RoadTaichung40227Taiwan Graduate Institute of Food Safety National Chung Hsing University145 Xingda RoadTaichung40227Taiwan

Increasing leptin resistance and methylglyoxal(MG)levels have been observed in patients with obesity,which is characterized by an imbalance in energy metabolism and abnormal fat *** is highly reactive and easily glycates proteins,impairing their physiological functions in *** MG glycates leptin and results in leptin resistance are ***,we hypothesized that MG might directly affect leptin structure and activity or indirectly affect leptin gene and receptor expression,thereby triggering leptin *** fruit of Indian gooseberry(Phyllanthus emblica L.)is rich in phenolic compounds(β-glucogallin,gallic acid,and ellagic acid)and can trap *** study aimed to evaluate the effect of a water extract from Indian gooseberry fruit(WEIG)on MG-induced leptin resistance in HepG2 *** cross-linking and carbonyl content measurement results showed that leptin resistance was induced by MG glycation but improved by WEIG ***,WEIG and its phenolic compounds(gallic acid and ellagic acid)significantly increased the mRNA expression of leptin receptors(Ob-Rb and HuB219.1),and this was accompanied by the suppression of SOCS3 and lipogenesis-associated signaling cascade(SREBP-1/ACC/FAS)gene expression and the activation of the jAK2/STAT3/AMPK/PPAR-α/CPT-1 pathway in human HepG2 liver cells exposed to free fatty *** conclusion,WEIG(150μg/mL)dramatically alleviated leptin resistance and lipid accumulation by MG trapping and inhibiting MG-leptin glycation,indicating that MG is a risk factor for leptin resistance that WEIG can *** finding will increase the application potential of *** *** anti-obesity functional food industrial development.

关键词： Phyllanthus emblica Obesity Methylglyoxal Leptin resistance Free fatty acid

Strategic comparison of membrane-assisted and membrane-less water electrolyzers and their potential application in direct seawater splitting(DSS)

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第4期8卷 989-1005页

作者： Abdul Malek Xu Lu paul R.Shearing Dan j.L.Brett Guanjie He Clean Combustion Research Center(CCRC) Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia KAUST Solar Center(KSC) Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUK Department of Chemical Engineering University College London(UCL)Gower StLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Electrocatalytic splitting of water by means of renewable energy as the electricity supply is one of the most promising methods for storing green renewable energy as hydrogen. Although two-thirds of the earth’s surface is covered with water, there is inadequacy of freshwater in most parts of the world. Hence, splitting seawater instead of freshwater could be a truly sustainable alternative. However, direct seawater splitting faces challenges because of the complex composition of seawater. The composition, and hence, the local chemistry of seawater may vary depending on its origin, and in most cases, tracking of the side reactions and standardizing and customizing the catalytic process will be an extra challenge. The corrosion of catalysts and competitive side reactions due to the presence of various inorganic and organic pollutants create challenges for developing stable electro-catalysts. Hence, seawater splitting generally involves a two-step process, i.e., purification of seawater using reverse osmosis and then subsequent fresh water splitting. However, this demands two separate chambers and larger space, and increases complexity of the reactor design. Recently, there have been efforts to directly split seawater without the reverse osmosis step. Herein, we represent the most recent innovative approaches to avoid the two-step process, and compare the potential application of membrane-assisted and membrane-less electrolyzers in direct seawater splitting(DSS). We particularly discuss the device engineering, and propose a novel electrolyzer design strategies for concentration gradient based membrane-less microfluidic electrolyzer.

关键词： Electrocatalytic seawater splitting Direct seawater splitting Osmosis Concentration cells Membrane-less electrolyzer Microfluidic electrolyzer

Ferritin acts as a target site for the snowdrop lectin （GNA） in the midgut of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis

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Insect Science 2008年第6期15卷 513-519页

作者： Amin Sadeghi Guy Smagghe paul Proost Els j.M. Van Damme Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Crop Protection Laboratory of Biochemistry and Glycobiology Department of Molecular Biotechnology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Ghent Rega Institute Laboratory of Molecular Immunology Kathofieke Universiteit Leuven Minderbroedersstraat 10 B-3000 Leuven Belgium

The snowdrop lectin GNA （Galanthus nivalis agglutinin） has been shown to possess insecticidal activity to a range of economically important insect pests. However, the precise mechanism of insecticidal action of GNA against insects remains unknown. In this investigation, we attempted to purify and identify receptor（s） responsible for binding of GNA in the larval midgut of a major lepidopteran pest （the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis） to better understand its mode of action. Therefore, cytoplasmic as well as membrane proteins from 800 larval midguts were chromatographed on a column with immobilized GNA. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of the proteins eluted from the GNA column followed by sequencing of the GNA-binding proteins and BLAST analyses revealed that the N-terminal sequences of a 24 kDa polypeptide purified from the cytoplasmic and membrane protein fraction revealed sequence similarity to sequences encoding heavy chain homologs of ferritin from Manduca sexta （76% sequence identity）, Calpodes ethlius （80% sequence identity） and Bombyx mori （61% sequence identity）. Furthermore, the N-terminal sequence of a 31 kDa polypeptide from the membrane protein fraction showed sequence similarity to a light chain homolog of ferritin from Manduca sexta （88% sequence identity）.

关键词： ferritin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin GNA Lepidoptera midgut receptors Spodoptera littoralis

Gas Quenching Small Components

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 494-497页

作者： paul Stratton BOC Sheffield UK

Gas quenching is an environmentally friendly and effective way of quenching components. However it has not been possible to apply it to small components because of the difficulties of jigging. A method of gas quenching such small components is described in which they are levitated in a confined gas stream. The method is suitable for quenching low alloy steel components that weigh between 1 and lOg.

关键词：气体流淬火悬浮低合金钢热处理

Myosin binding protein C:Structural abnormalities in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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Cell Research 2004年第2期14卷 95-110页

作者： Cecily E OAKLEY,Brett D HAMBLY,paul MG CURMI,Louise j BROWN Department of Pathology University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Department of Pathology University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Initiative for Biomolecular Structure School of Physics University of New South Wales NSW 2052 and Centre for Immunology St Vincent's Hospital and University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2010 Australia. Initiative for Biomolecular Structure School of Physics University of New South Wales NSW 2052 and Centre for Immunology St Vincent's Hospital and University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2010 Australia.

The muscle protein myosin binding protein C (MyBPC) is a large multi-domain protein whose role in the sarcomere is complex and not yet fully understood. Mutations in MyBPC are strongly associated with the heart disease familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) and these experiments of nature have provided some insight into the intricate workings of this protein in the heart. While some regions of the MyBPC molecule have been assigned a function in the regulation of muscle contraction, the interaction of other regions with various parts of the myosin molecule and the sarcomeric proteins, actin and titin, remain obscure. In addition, several intra-domain interactions between adjacent MyBPC molecules have been identified. Although the basic structure of the molecule (a series of immunoglobulin and fibronectin domains) has been elucidated, the assembly of MyBPC in the sarcomere is a topic for debate. By analysing the MyBPC sequence with respect to FHC-causing mutations it is possible to identify individual

关键词： myosin binding protein C hypertrophic cardiomyopathy sarcomeric proteins immunoglobulin superfamily mutations.