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Clinical outcomes of patterned laser trabeculoplasty as adjuvant therapy in open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第4期11卷 635-640页

作者： Gustavo Espinoza Leonardo Castellanos Ignacio Rodriguez-Una paul anthony camacho Juan Camilo Parra Fundacion Oftalmologica de Santander FOSCAL FloridablancaSantanderColombia Instituto Oftalmologico Fernandez-Vega University of OviedoOviedoAsturias 33012Spain Facultad de Salud Universidad Autonoma de BucaramangaBucaramangaSantanderColombia

AIM： To assess the efficacy and safety of patterned laser trabeculoplasty（PLT） as an adjunctive treatment in open angle glaucoma（OAG） or ocular hypertension（OHT） patients who were under antiglaucoma medical ***： This study was a retrospective review of primary or secondary OAG patients and OHT patients with medically uncontrolled（≥18 mm Hg） intraocular pressure（IOP） who underwent 360o PLT from June 2016 to August 2016. Follow-up visits at week 1, and 1, 3 and 6 mo were performed. IOP, best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, complications and eye drop glaucoma medication were recorded at each follow-up visit. Success was defined as IOP reduction ≥20% from baseline. RESULTS： Forty-one eyes of 25 patients were included in this study. Pre-treatment mean IOP was 20.2±1.6 mm Hg. After PLT, IOP was 19.3±5.2, 16.1±2.7, 17.1±3.7 and 16.3±3.5 mm Hg,at 1 wk, 1, 3 and 6 mo, respectively. IOP reduction from baseline was statistically significant from the first month, remaining stable at 6 mo（P〈0.001）. PLT success at 6 mo of follow-up was 48.78%. The number of glaucoma medication per eye（P=0.10） and the mean BCVA both remained constant（P=0.37）. Complications included transient IOP spikes in 4 eyes（9.8%） and peripheral anterior synechiae in 7 eyes（17.1%）. CONCLUSION： PLT is an effective and safe method for the management of patients with OHT or OAG as an adjunctive therapy. Additional larger studies should be designed to verify the long-term stability of IOP reduction with this laser technology.

关键词： glaucoma intraocular pressure laser ocular hypertension trabeculoplasty

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Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Colombian population: A longitudinal observational study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第17期6卷 1337-1344页

作者： Diego Gomez-Arbelaez Laura Alvarado-Jurado Miguel Ayala-Castillo Leonardo Forero-Naranjo paul anthony camacho Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo Dirección de Investigaciones Clínica de Síndrome Metabólico Prediabetes y Diabetes Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander - FOSCAL Instituto de Investigaciones MASIRA Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Santander - UDES División de Endocrinología Escuela de Medicina Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Escuela de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga

AIM: To assess the performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score(FINDRISC) questionnaire for detecting and predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2) in a Colombian ***: This is a longitudinal observational study conducted in Floridablanca, Colombia. Adult subjects(age ≥ 35 years) without known diabetes, were included. A modified version of FINDRISC was completed, and the glycemia values from all the subjects were collected from the hospital's database. Firstly, a cross-sectional analysis was performed and then, the subsample of prediabetic participants was followed for diabetes incidence. RESULTS: A total of 772 subjects were suitable for the study. The overall prevalence of undiagnosed DM2 was 2.59%, and the incidence of DM2 among the prediabetic participants was 7.5 per 100 person-years after a total of 265257 person-years follow-up. The FINDRISC at baseline was significantly associated with undiagnosed and incident DM2. The area under receiver operating characteristics curve of the FINDRISC score for detecting undiagnosed DM2 in both men and women was 0.7477 and 0.7175, respectively; and for predicting the incidence of DM2 among prediabetics was 71.99% in men and 67.74% in women. CONCLUSION: The FINDRISC questionnaire is a useful screening tool to identify cross-sectionally unknown DM2 and to predict the incidence of DM2 among prediabetics in the Colombian population.

关键词： Finnish diabetes risk score Type 2 diabetes mellit

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Numerical study of a hybrid absorption-compression high temperature heat pump for industrial waste heat recovery

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 503-509页

作者： Zhiwei MA Huashau BAO anthony paul ROSKILLY Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NEI 7RU UK

The present paper aims at exploring a hybrid absorption-compression heat pump （HAC-HP） to upgrade and recover the industrial waste heat in the temperature range of 60℃-120℃. The new HAC-HP system proposed has a condenser, an evaporator, and one more solution pump, compared to the conventional HAC-HP system, to allow flexible utilization of energy sources of electricity and waste heat. In the system proposed, the pressure of ammonia-water vapor desorbed in the generator can be elevated by two routes; one is via the compression of compressor while the other is via the condenser, the solution pump, and the evaporator. The results show that more ammonia-water vapor flowing through the compres- sor leads to a substantial higher energy efficiency due to the higher quality of electricity, however, only a slight change on the system exergy efficiency is noticed. The temperature lift increases with the increasing system recirculation flow ratio, however, the system energy and exergy efficiencies drop towards zero. The suitable operation ranges of HAC-HP are recommended for the waste heat at 60℃, 80℃, 100℃, and 120℃. The recirculation flow ratio should be lower than 9, 6, 5, and 4 respectively for these waste heat, while the temperature lifts are in the range of 9.8℃-27.7 ℃, 14.9℃~4.1 ℃, 24.4℃-64.1 ℃, and 40.7℃-85.7℃, respectively, and the system energy efficiency are 0.35-0.93, 0.32-0.90, 0.25- 0.85, and 0.14-0.76.

关键词： absorption compression high temperatureheat pump efficiency industrial waste heat thermodynamicanalysis

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Analysis of a 1 kW organic Rankine cycle using a scroll expander for engine coolant and exhaust heat recovery

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 527-534页

作者： Yiji LU anthony paul ROSKILLY Long JIANG Longfei CHEN Xiaoli YU Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research Newcastle University Newcastle NE1 7RU UK Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Shanghai Jiao TongUniversity Shanghai 200240 China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Department of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

The development of engine waste heat recov- ery technologies attracts ever increasing interests due to the rising strict policy requirements and environmental con- cerns. This paper presented the study of engine coolant and exhaust heat recovery using organic Rankine cycle （ORC）. Eight working fluids were selected to evaluate and compare the performance of the integrated waste heat recovery system. Rather than the conventional engine ORC system mainly focusing on the utilization of exhaust energy, this work proposed to fully use the engine coolant energy by changing the designed parameters of the ORC system. The case study selected a small engine as the heat source to drive the ORC system using a scroll expander for power production. The evaluation results suggest that under the engine rated condition, the solution to fully recover the engine coolant energy can achieve a higher power generation performance than that of the conven- tional engine ORC system. The results suggest that adding a recuperator to the ORC system can potentially improve the system performance when the working fluids are dry and the overall dumped heat demand of the system can be reduced by 12% under optimal conditions. When the ORC evaporating and condensing temperature are respectivelyset at 85℃ and 30℃, the integrated engine waste heat recovery system can improve the overall system efficiency by 9.3% with R600, R600a or n-Pentane as the working fluid.

关键词： organic Rankine cycle scroll expander cool-ant and exhaust recovery internal combustion engine

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Revisiting Emergency Food Reserve Policy and Practiceunder Disaster and Extreme Climate Events

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第1期10卷 1-13页

作者： Jonatan A.Lassa paul Teng Mely Caballero-anthony Maxim Shrestha Emergency and Disaster Management Studies Charles Darwin University Natural Sciences and Science Education National Institute of Education Centre for Non-Traditional Security Studies S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) Nanyang Technological University

All food systems will continue to be affected by disasters and extreme climate events. Triggered by recent food crises around the world and climate change concerns,some governments have been trying to develop more robust and resilient food systems. One of the oldest options for many governments is to stockpile emergency food reserves for the purpose of food security and disaster preparedness. In the aftermath of the world food price crises in2007–2008 and 2011, some governments in Asia have been maintaining emergency food reserves to ensure greater supply and price stability. Disasters and extreme climate events help governments to justify emergency food reserves. This research examined emergency food reserve policies in Indonesia, the Philippines, and *** food reserves emerged as a practice where the shared objectives of development, disaster risk reduction,and climate change adaptation have been demonstrated by governments. The findings suggest that most governments maintain the strong view that adequate emergency food reserves can buffer national food price shocks and shocks from disasters and climate change, and soften disruptions in trade due to export bans during times of disasters and climate *** global climate change scenarios, food security is at risk and volatile(Porter et al. 2014). The expected increase in climate extremes has generated anticipatory actions from governments, including a new push for EFR policy adoption. Triggered by recent disasters and climate change concerns, some governments have been trying to develop more robust and resilient food systems(Fan and Brzeska 2014; Porter et al. 2014). For many countries in Asia, this means the renewed adoption of EFR. Unfortunately, we argue that this is not well understood in climate change adaptation studies as well as contemporary disaster *** Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)first initiated a Food Security Reserve Agreement in 1979,with the purpose of

关键词： Climate change adaptation Disaster preparedness Emergency food reserves Food security Food stockpiling Southeast Asia

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Efficient use of waste heat and solar energy： Technologies o cooling, heating, power generation and heat transfer

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 411-413页

作者： Ya-Ling HE Ruzhu WANG anthony paul ROSKILLY Peiwen LI School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering The University of ArizonaTucson AZ 85721 USA

As a research focus, energy conservation has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution concerns. Many countries made great efforts on both research and implementing energy conservation technologies. Cur- rently more than 50% of the total world＇s delivered energy is consumed by industry and about one sixth of the total energy consumed is wasted as low-grade heat, for example through radiation loss, exhaust gas flows, and cooling fluid circuits. Therefore, the recovery and reuse of waste heat is an effective way to significantly improve energy utilization. In addition, solar energy can provide low grade heat and is a clean and renewable form of energy. The efficient use of low grade heat from these sources can play an important role for a large number of applications.

关键词： Efficient use solar energy

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Mechanically durable,super-repellent 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle surfaces

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5678-5686页

作者： Sajad Haghanifar anthony J Galante Mehdi Zarei Jun Chen Susheng Tan paul W Leu Department of Industrial Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Peterson Institute of NanoScience and Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Three-dimensional(3D)printed re-entrant micropillars have demonstrated high static contact angles for an unprecedented variety of liquids,but have yet to achieve this with low contact angle hysteresis and excellent abrasion *** report on the demonstration of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle structures that exhibit high static contact angle,low contact angle hysteresis,and high mechanical *** and microcells both exhibit high static contact angles with water and ethylene glycol(EG),but suffer from high contact angle hysteresis,indicative of rose petal *** modeling results indicate that micropillars are able to achieve higher static contact angle and breakthrough pressure simultaneously compared with ***,simulations also indicate that micropillars have higher maximum equivalent stress at their bases,so that they are more prone to mechanical *** address contact angle hysteresis and mechanical durability issues by the creation of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle arrays that demonstrate super-repellency and retain their super-repellency after 100 cycles of mechanical abrasion with a Scotch-Brite abrasive pad under a pressure of 1.2 *** use of interconnected microcell structures as opposed to micropillars addresses mechanical durability *** contact angle hysteresis is realized by coating 3D printed structures with low surface energy nanoparticles,which lowers the solid–liquid contact area *** results demonstrate new 3D printed structures with mechanical durability and super-repellency through the use of microcell structures integrated with fluorinated nanoparticles.

关键词： superomniphobicity three-dimensional(3D)printing surface evolver mechanical durability microcell re-entrant micropillar

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An improved culturing method for opiine fruit fly parasitoids and its application to parasitoid monitoring in the field

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 99-108页

作者： Ayad Masry Michael J. Furlong anthony R. Clarke John paul Cunningham School of Earth Environmental and Biological Sciences School Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland Australia School of Biological Sciences the University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre Bruce ACT Australia Department of Economic Development Jobs Transport and Resources AgriBio Centre La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia

Good culturing methods play an important role in the study of insect behavior and its application to pest management. Here, we describe and validate a new method for rearing the parasitoid wasp, Diachasmirnorpha kraussii, which attacks some of the world＇s worst fruit fly pests and is an internationally used biological control agent. Our method differs from standard culturing approaches by presenting adult wasps with host- infested artificial media within a ＂culturing bag,＂ which mimics a natural （fruit） oviposition substrate. In laboratory trials using wild collected D. kraussii, the culturing bag method was compared to the use of host-infested nectarines, and a commonly used laboratory method of presenting host-infested artificial media within Petri dishes. The culturing bag method proved to be a significant improvement on both methods, combining the advantages of high host survival in artificial media with parasitism levels that were the equivalent to those recorded using host-infested fruits. In our field study, culturing bags infested with the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni, and hung in a mixed peach and nectarine orchard proved to be effective ＂artificial fruits＂ attracting wild D. kraussii for oviposition. Significantly more adult wasps were reared from the culturing bags compared to field collected fruits. This was shown to be due to higher fruit fly larval density in the bags, as similar percentage parasitism rates were found between the culturing bags and ripe fruits. We discuss how this cheap, time-efficient method could be applied to collecting and monitoring wild D. kraussii populations in orchards, and assist in maintaining genetic variability in parasitoid laboratory cultures.

关键词： Bactrocera biological control fruit fly mass rearing natural enemies Tephritidae wasp

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Extramural vascular invasion and response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: influence of the CpG island methylator phenotype

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第5期9卷 209-217页

作者： Jeremy Stuart Williamson Huw Geraint Jones Namor Williams anthony paul Griffiths Gareth Jenkins John Beynon Dean anthony Harris Department of General and Colorectal Surgery Singleton Hospital Department of Pathology Singleton Hospital Department of Life Sciences Swansea University

To identify whether CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is predictive of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) and outcomes in rectal cancer. METHODSPatients undergoing NACRT and surgical resection for rectal cancer in a tertiary referral centre between 2002-2011 were identified. Pre-treatment tumour biopsies were analysed for CIMP status (high, intermediate or low) using methylation specific PCR. KRAS and BRAF status were also determined using pyrosequencing analysis. Clinical information was extracted from case records and cancer services databases. Response to radiotherapy was measured by tumour regression scores determined upon histological examination of the resected specimen. The relationship between these molecular features, response to NACRT and oncological outcomes were analysed. RESULTSThere were 160 patients analysed with a median follow-up time of 46.4 mo. Twenty-one (13%) patients demonstrated high levels of CIMP methylation (CIMP-H) and this was significantly associated with increased risk of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) compared with CIMP-L [8/21 (38%) vs 15/99 (15%), P = 0.028]. CIMP status was not related to tumour regression after radiotherapy or survival, however EMVI was significantly associated with adverse survival (P < 0.001). Intermediate CIMP status was significantly associated with KRAS mutation (P = 0.01). There were 14 (9%) patients with a pathological complete response (pCR) compared to 116 (73%) patients having no or minimal regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Those patients with pCR had median survival of 106 mo compared to 65.8 mo with minimal regression, although this was not statistically significant (P = 0.26). Binary logistic regression analysis of the relationship between EMVI and other prognostic features revealed, EMVI positivity was associated with poor overall survival, advanced “T” stage and CIMP-H but not nodal status, age, sex, KRAS mutation status and presence of local or systemic recurre

关键词： Rectal cancer CpG islands Methylation

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Bandwidth limits of luminescent solar concentrators as detectors in free-space optical communication systems

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第1期10卷 29-40页

作者： Mark Portnoi paul anthony Haigh Thomas JM acdonald Filip Ambroz Ivan PParkin Izzat Darwazeh loannis Papakonstantinou Photonic Innovations Lab Department of Electronic and Electrical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK School of Engineering University of NewcastleNewcastle NE17RUUK Department of Chemistry Imperial College LondonLondon W12 OBZUK Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H OAJUK Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK

Luminescent solar concentrators(LSCs)have recently emerged as a promising receiver technology in free-space optical communications due to their inherent ability to collect light from a wide field-of-view and concentrate it into small areas,thus leading to high optical *** high-speed communication systems integrating LSCs in their detector blocks have already been demonstrated,with the majority of efforts so far being devoted to maximising the received optical power and the system's ***,LSCs may pose a severe bottleneck on the bandwidth of such communication channels due to the comparably slow timescale of the fluorescence events involved,a situation further aggravated by the inherent reabsorption in these systems,and yet,an in-depth study into such dynamic effects remains absent in the *** fill this gap,we have developed a comprehensive analytical solution that delineates the fundamental bandwidth limits of LSCs as optical detectors in arbitrary free-space optical links,and establishes their equivalence with simple RC low-pass electrical ***,we demonstrate a time-domain Monte Carlo simulation platform,an indispensable tool in the multiparameter optimisation of LSC-based receiver *** work offers vital insight into LSC system dynamic behaviour and paves the way to evaluate the technology for a wide range of applications,including visible light communications,high-speed video recording,and real-time biological imaging,to name a few.

关键词： communication integrating devoted

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