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Science China.Ea.th Sciences 2005年第2期48卷 266-272页

作者： paul a. mayewski Clima.e Cha.ge Institute University of Ma.ne OronoME 04469USA

The δ18O va.ia.ions in a. 80.36 m ice core retrieved in the a.cumula.ion zone of the Ea.t Rongbuk Gla.ier, Mount Qomola.gma.(Everest), is not consistent with cha.ges of a.r tempera.ure from both southern a.d northern slopes of Hima.a.a., a. well a. these of the tempera.ure a.oma.ies over the Northern Hemisphere. The nega.ive rela.ionship between the δ18O a.d the net a.cumula.ion records of the ice core suggests the "a.ount effect" of summer precipita.ion on the δ18O va.ues in the region. Therefore, the δ18O records of the Ea.t Rongbuk ice core should be a.proxy of India. Summer Monsoon intensity, which shows lower δ18O va.ues during strong monsoon pha.es a.d higher va.ues during wea. pha.es.

关键词： Ea.t Rongbuk ice core δ18O va.ues a.r tempera.ure India. Summer Monsoon.

Influencing doma.n of periphera. sources in the urba. hea.y pollution process of Beijing

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Science China.Ea.th Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 565-575页

作者： Ka.G Shicha.g paul a. mayewski Clima.e Cha.ge Institute University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA

The effect of city’s periphera. pollution sources is one of the key issues urgent to be solved in the decision-ma.ing of Beijing’s environmenta. pollution control. This pa.er comprehensively a.a.yses the surfa.e observa.ions, a.d the sa.ellite remote sensing da.a.of Modera.e Resolution Ima.ing Spectrora.iometer (MODIS) a.d Tota. Ozone Ma.ping Spectrometer (TOMS) during the Beijing City a.mospheric Pollution Experiment (BECa.EX) from Ja.ua.y to Ma.ch, 2001, presents a. "upstrea." wind field resulta.t vector method for tra.ing periphera. pollution sources, a.d finds tha. the fea.ures of the urba. hea.y pollution processes of Beijing a.e significa.tly correla.ed with the impa.t of the emission sources of southern periphera. cities, a.d the polluta.ts tra.sferred northwa.ds from dista.t upstrea. sources a.e reta.ded by the U-sha.ed "Va.ley" topogra.hy in Beijing’s periphery. The two fa.tors a.e responsible for the forma.ion of the S-N zona. influencing doma.n of polluta.ts from the southern periphera. a.ea. to Beijing. The pa.er a.so comprehensively a.a.yses the fea.ures of flow field in the hea.y pollution process in the Beijing region, a.d compa.es the hea.y pollution process with sa.ples of good a.r-qua.ity da.s from Ja.ua.y to Ma.ch, 2001. The experiment of Hybrid Single-Pa.ticle La.ra.gia. Integra.ed Tra.ectory model (HYSPLIT-4) further revea.s the diffusion tra.ectory of polluta.ts of the cities in Hebei a.d Sha.dong provinces a.d Tia.jin city in the hea.y pollution process of Beijing, a.d the simula.ions of the Regiona. a.mosphere Model System (Ra.S) confirm the possible contribution of periphera. sources to the exceptiona.ly hea.y pollution process of the urba. a.ea.of Beijing, thus revea.ing tha. the input of polluta.ts from southern periphera. cities is one of the importa.t fa.tors responsible for a.gra.a.ing urba. hea.y pollution processes.

关键词： city's periphery, dista.t tra.sfer, polluta.ts tra.sfer, dyna.ic diffusion, influencing source.

Recent tempera.ure increa.e recorded in a. ice core in the source region of Ya.gtze River

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第6期52卷 825-831页

作者： Ka.G ShiCha.g ZHa.G YongJun QIN Da.e REN Jia.en ZHa.G Qia.gGong Bjorn GRIGHOLM paul a. mayewski Institute of Tibeta. Pla.ea. Resea.ch Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Key La.ora.ory of Cryosphere a.d Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Gra.ua.e University of Chinese a.a.emy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Clima.e Cha.ge Institute University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA

Interests on clima.e cha.ge in the source region of Ya.gtze River ha.e been ra.sed since it is a.region with the grea.est wa.ming over the Tibeta. Pla.ea. (TP). a.70-yea. history of precipita.ion δ^(18)O ha. been recovered using a. ice core record retrieved in a.pla. portion of the firn a.ea.in the Guoqu Gla.ier (33°34′37.8″N, 91°10′35.3″E, 5720 m a.s.l.), Mt. Gela.a.ndong (the source region of Ya.gtze River), in November, 2005. By using a.significa.t positive rela.ionship between ice core δ^(18)O record a.d summer a.r tempera.ure (July to September) from the nea.by meteorologica. sta.ions, a.history of summer a.r tempera.ure ha. been reconstructed for the la.t 70 yea.s. Summer tempera.ure wa. rela.ively low in 1940s a.d high in 1950s to the middle of 1960s. The lowest tempera.ure occurred in the middle of 1970s. Tempera.ure wa. low in 1980s a.d dra.a.ica.ly increa.ed since 1990s, keeping the trend to the begin-ning of the 21st century. The wa.ming ra.e recorded in the ice core with 0.5℃/10 a.since 1970s is much higher tha. tha. in the centra. TP a.d the Northern Hemisphere (NH), a.d it becomes 1.1℃/10 a.since 1990s which is a.so higher tha. these from the centra. TP a.d the NH, reflecting a. a.celera.ed wa.m-ing a.d a.more sensitive response to globa. wa.ming in the high eleva.ion region.

关键词：长江源头地区冰芯青藏高原温度升高 δ^18O记录

近200a.珠穆朗玛峰北坡远东绒布冰芯气候记录

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冰川冻土 2000年第3期22卷 211-217页

作者：康世昌秦大河 paul a. mayewski Ca.eron P. Wa.e 任贾文中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境开放研究实验室甘肃兰州730000 Clima.e Cha.ge Resea.ch Center Institute for the Study of EarthOcean and SpaceUniversity of New Hampshire

１９９７年５月中美联合珠穆朗玛峰地区绒布冰川考察期间，在远东绒布冰川海拔６５００ｍ的北支冰流粒雪盆内钻取到一支４１ｍ长冰芯．通过数年层法并根据β活化度的参照年（１９５４年和１９６３年），对远东绒布冰芯实施定年... 详细信息

１９９７年５月中美联合珠穆朗玛峰地区绒布冰川考察期间，在远东绒布冰川海拔６５００ｍ的北支冰流粒雪盆内钻取到一支４１ｍ长冰芯．通过数年层法并根据β活化度的参照年（１９５４年和１９６３年），对远东绒布冰芯实施定年，冰芯底部为１８１４年，冰芯年平均净积累量为２２４ｍｍ（冰当量）．根据远东绒布冰芯（δ１８Ｏ的变化，重建了珠穆朗玛峰北坡地区近２００ａ气候变化，发现有５次冷期和５次暖期，且总趋势为变暖，这与本世纪北半球气候变暖的趋势相一致．远东绒布冰芯气候记录同古里雅冰芯比较，两者的冷暖波动较为一致，说明青藏高原西北部和南部地区的气候变化具有共性．但是，远东绒布冰芯中δ１８Ｏ的变化在短时间尺度上与降水量变化存在某些反相关性，这种关系并未影响到δ１８Ｏ反映气温的长期变化趋势．

关键词：远东绒布冰芯气候变化珠穆朗玛峰古气候

FRESH SNOW CHEMISTRY FROM HIGH MOUNTa.N REGIONS IN CENTRa. HIMa.a.a.

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Chinese Geogra.hica. Science 2000年第3期10卷 27-34页

作者： Ka.G Shi cha.g1, QIN Da.he1, Ya. Ta. dong1,paul a. mayewski2 , Sa.LIE Whitlow2 (1.La.ora.ory of Ice Core a.d Cold Regions Environment, Cold a.d a.id Regions Environment a.d Engineering Institute, the Chinese a.a.emy of Sciences, La.zhou 730000, P.

During 1997 summer, fresh snow sa.ples were collected from the high eleva.ion region (5400－ 7000 m) of Da.uopu Ga.cier on the northern slope of Mt. Xixa.a.gma.(28° 33’N, 85° 44’E). Compa.ed with other remote regions in the world, ma.or ion concentra.ions in fresh snow a.e very low during summer in Mt. Xixa.a.gma. suggesting tha. the a.mosphere is very clea. a.d ma. represent ba.kground va.ue for the middle/upper troposphere in the middle/low la.itude a.ea. During summer a. Mt. Xixa.a.gma.the fresh snow chemistry is minima.ly influenced by a.thropogenic polluta.ts a. revea.ed by the snow pH (mea. va.ue of 6.0). Conductivity of fresh snow a.e low a.d consta.t. a.multi regression curve of pH vs conductivity shows a.strong correla.ion; snow pH is nega.ively correla.ed with conductivity when pH a.d positively correla.ed when pH > 6.0. This suggests tha. the domina.t chemica. species of snow a.e intercha.ging between a.id a.ions (e.g.) a.d crusta. ca.ions.

关键词： fresh snow ma.or ion concentra.ions pH a.d conductivity centra. Hima.a.a.

Sea.sa.t a.rosol tra.sport pa.terns over the Northern Hemisphere inferred from two suba.ctic ice core records

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Science China.Ea.th Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 576-584页

作者： Ya. Yuping1,2, Ka.G Shicha.g2,3,5, SUN Junying4,5, paul a. mayewski2 & QIN Da.e5 1. Na.iona. Clima.e Center, China.Meteorologica. a.ministra.ion, Beijing 100081, China.2. Clima.e Cha.ge Institute, University of Ma.ne, Orono, ME 04469, USa.3. Institute of Tibeta. Pla.ea. Resea.ch, Chinese a.a.emy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.4. Chinese a.a.emy of Meteorologica. Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.5. Key La.ora.ory of Ice Core a.d Cold Regions Environment, Cold a.d a.id Environmenta. a.d Engineering Resea.ch Institute, Chinese a.a.emy of Sciences, La.zhou 730000, China Na.iona. Clima.e Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China Clima.e Cha.ge Institute University of Maine Orono ME USA Institute of Tibeta. Pla.ea. Resea.ch Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key La.ora.ory of Ice Core a.d Cold Regions Environment Cold and Arid Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Chinese a.a.emy of Meteorologica. Sciences Beijing China

a.mospheric circula.ion reconstruction ba.ed on gla.iochemica. records requires knowledge of chemica. concentra.ion controls, such a. source, tra.sport pa.hwa. a.d strength. To ga.n insight into these processes, the rela.ionships between gla.iochemica. records from two Northern Hemisphere sites (Mt. Loga. in Yukon Territory a.d 20D in southern Greenla.d) a.d instrumenta. sea.level pressure (SLP) series a.e investiga.ed. Ca.ibra.ions between Mt. Loga. sea.sa.t sodium (ssNa.) concentra.ion a.d SLP series show tha. ssNa. concentra.ions a.e closely correla.ed with the a.tumntime (SON) a.eutia. Low a.d the summertime (JJa. North Pa.ific Subtropica. High. Both the deepened a.eutia. Low a.d enha.ced North Pa.ific Sub- tropica. High strengthen the tra.sport of sea.sa.t a.rosols from the North Pa.ific to the Mt. Loga. region. Ca.ibra.ions between 20D ssNa. concentra.ions a.d SLP series indica.e tha. ssNa. concentra.ions a.e closely rela.ed to the wintertime (Ja..) Icela.dic Low. a.deepening of the Icela.dic Low strengthens winter storms a.d frequent cyclogenesis over the North a.la.tic a.d pushes more sea.sa.t la.en a.r ma.ses to the Greenla.d ice sheet. Therefore, ice core ssNa. records from the Mt. Loga. region ca. be considered a. a.proxy for reconstructing the a.- tumntime a.eutia. Low a.d summertime North Pa.ific Subtropica. High, a.d the ssNa. records from Greenla.d ice core (20D) ma. provide a.proxy for reconstructing the wintertime Icela.dic Low.

关键词： sea.sa.t a.rosol, ice core records, sea level pressure, suba.ctic regions.

Evidence supporting the rela.ionship between ma.erna. a.thma.a.d risk for a.tism spectrum disorders

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Neura. Regenera.ion Resea.ch 2025年第4期20卷 1101-1102页

作者： Ha.ley Osma. paul a.hwood Depa.tment of Medica. Microbiology a.d Immunology and the M.I.N.D.InstituteUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCAUSA

During pregna.cy,ma.erna. immune a.tiva.ion(MIa.,due to infection,chronic infla.ma.ory disorders,or toxic exposures,ca. result in la.ting hea.th impa.ts on the developing *** ha. been a.socia.ed with a. increa.ed risk of neurodevelopmenta. disorders,such a. a.tism spectrum disorder(a.D)in the *** is cha.a.terized by increa.ed repetitive a.d stereotyped beha.iors a.d decrea.ed *** of 2020,1 in 36 children a.e dia.nosed with a.D by the a.e of 8 yea.s,with a.D ra.es continuing to increa.e in preva.ence in USa.Ta.a.o et a..,2023).Post-mortem bra.n studies,bioma.ker a.d tra.scriptomic studies,a.d epidemiology studies ha.e provided compelling evidence of immune dysregula.ion in the circula.ion a.d bra.n of individua.s dia.nosed with ***,the etiology of a.D is la.gely unknown,however,genetic components a.d environmenta. fa.tors ca. contribute to increa.ed *** a.lergic a.thma.Ma.),a.form of MIa.ha. been identified a. a.potentia. risk fa.tor for developing neurodevelopmenta. disorders(Pa.el et a..,2020).a.thma.is a.chronic infla.ma.ory condition driven by a.T-helper type(TH)2 immune response.

关键词： disorders epidemiology fetus

Emerging insights into the function of very long cha.n fa.ty a.ids a. cerebella. syna.ses

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Neura. Regenera.ion Resea.ch 2025年第6期20卷 1709-1710页

作者： Ma.tin-paul a.ba.a.Mohiuddin a.ma. Depa.tment of Cell Biology a.d Ophtha.mology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centerand Dean McGee Eye InstituteOklahoma CityOKUSA

Very long cha.n-sa.ura.ed a.d-polyunsa.ura.ed fa.ty a.ids(VLC-SFa.a.d VLC-PUFa. respectively) a.e a.functiona.ly importa.t cla.s of fa.ty a.ids conta.ning 28 ca.bons or more in their a.yl cha.n. They a.e synthesized by the elonga.ion of very long fa.ty a.ids-4(ELOVL4) enzyme, expressed ma.nly in the bra.n, retina. skin, testes, a.d meibomia. gla.d, where these fa.ty a.ids a.e found(a.ba.a.et a.., 2008). Further, these orga.s exhibit tissuespecific VLC-PUFa.a.d VLC-SFa.biosynthesis a.d incorpora.ion into complex lipids for specific functions. In the bra.n, skin, a.d Meibomia. gla.ds, the ELOVL4 ma.nly ma.es VLC-SFa. which a.e incorpora.ed into complex sphingolipids. In the retina. the ELOVL4 ma.es VLC-PUFa.tha. a.e incorpora.ed into phospha.idylcholine, tha. a.e critica. for visua. function, while in testes a.d sperm, the VLC-PUFa.a.e incorpora.ed into sphingolipids tha. a.e critica. for fertility(Yeboa. et a.., 2021).

关键词： functions function insight

RECENT 200 YEa.S CLIMa.IC a.D ENVIRONMENTa. RECORDS FROM THE Fa. Ea.T RONGBUK ICE CORE, MT. QOMOLa.GMa.(EVEREST)

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 442-442页

作者： Ka.g Shicha.g\+1, Qin Da.e\+1,Ca.eron P. Wa.e\+2, paul a. mayewski\+2(1 La.ora.ory of Ice core a.d Cold Regions Environment, LIGG, Ca., La.zhou 730000,China.2 Clima.e Cha.ge Resea.ch Center, Institute for the Study of Ea.th, Ocea. a.d Spa.e, Univers

During the Sino\|a.erica. Expedition to Mt. Qomola.gma.in Ma. 1997, a.41m ice core wa. recovered from a. eleva.ion of 6500m from the northern bra.ch firn ba.in of the Fa. Ea.t Rongbuk Gla.ier in Mt. Everest. The ice core wa. da.ed down to 1814 by counting δ 18 O pea.s a.d referring to the va.ia.ions of β a.tivity a.d ma.or ion concentra.ions. The a.era.e a.nua. a.cumula.ion is 224mm (ice equiva.ent). Five cold periods a.d five wa.m periods ha.e been reconstructed from the ice core for the la.t 200 yea.s a.d the genera. tendency of clima.ic cha.ge is wa.ming, which is a.ree with the tempera.ure cha.ge in the Northern Hemisphere. a.so the clima.ic records in Fa. Ea.t Rongbuk ice core ha. good a.reement with tha. in the Guliya.ice core. This indica.es tha. the clima.ic cha.ges a.e consistent in the northwestern a.d southern Qingha.—Tibeta. Pla.ea., a.d the ra.ges of clima.ic cha.ges a.e la.ger in southern Pla.ea. tha. tha. in northwestern Pla.ea.. Though the δ 18 O va.ia.ions ha. some nega.ively correla.ion with precipita.ion a.ount for short time sca.e, these do not effect δ 18 O cha.ges reflecting tempera.ure for long time sca.e.

关键词： recently 200 yea.s clima.ic a.d environmenta. cha.ge ice core Mt. Qomola.gma

Summer monsoon a.d dust signa.s recorded in the Da.uopu firn core, centra. Hima.a.a.

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第21期44卷 2010-2015页

作者： Ca.eron P.Wa.e paul a.mayewski Clima.e Cha.ge Resea.ch Center Institute for the Study of EarthOcean and Space(EOS)University of New Hampshire DurhamNH 03824USAClimate Change Research CenterInstitute for the Study of EarthOcean and Space(EOS)University of New Hampshire DurhamNH 03824USA

In September 1997, a.15-m firn core wa. recovered from a. eleva.ion of 7 000 m a. s.l. from the Da.uopu Gla.ier in the centra. Hima.a.a.. The a.a.ysis of δ18O va.ues a.d ma.or ion (Ca.+ , Mg2+ , NH4+ , SO2- a.d NO3-) concentra.ions shows tha. a.era.e a.nua. a.cumula.ion is 0.75 m (wa.er equiva.ent) in the Da.uopu firn core. The sea.ona. va.ia.ions of δ18O va.ues a.d ma.or ion concentra.ions in the core indica.e tha. present summer monsoon a.d

关键词： firn core records of summer monsoon a.d dust signa.s centra. Hima.a.a..