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Newt life after fish introduction： extirpation of paedomorphosis in a mountain fish lake and newt use of satellite pools

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Current Zoology 2016年第1期62卷 61-69页

作者： Mathieu DENOEL patrick scime Nicola ZAMBELLI Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology Behavioural Biology Unit Department of Biology Ecology andEvolution University of Liege 22 Quai van Beneden 4020 Liege Belgium Via Maestra 3 6930 BedanoSwitzerland Museo Cantonale di Storia Naturale V. C. Cattaneo 4 6901 Lugano Switzerland

Fish introduction is one of the main causes of amphibian decline worldwide. It affects particularly rare aquatic phenotypes such as paedomorphs, which retain gills during the adult stage. In this context, we determined whether small wetlands, such as pools surrounding fished and fishless lakes, could sustain paedomorphic and metamorphic newts. To this end, we surveyed lakes known historically to sustain Alpine newts Ichthyosaura alpestris as well as 35 nearby pools. On the basis of the published records, the only known population exhibiting paedomorphosis in the Swiss AIps was found to be extirpated by salmonid introductions. However, the metamorphs persisted in per- ipheral pools, paedomorphosis was discovered at a new locality, and overwintering larvae were still present in one of the lakes. These results show the importance of conserving varied aquatic habitats such as pools in mountainous environments where the main resources can become un- suitable for amphibians because of fish introductions. Pools may also function as reservoirs in maintaining newt populations until programs to remove fish from lakes can be carried out. It is not known if paedomorphs could reappear after fish removal. However, the combined resilience of am- phibians after fish removal and the genetic basis for paedomorphosis highlighted in other taxa by previous studies suggest that there is the potential to maintain this intraspecific case of diversity even after its disappearance.

关键词： alps amphibian decline fish introduction mountain lake Alpine newt paedomorphosis pool wetland.

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