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生理科学进展 1991年第3期22卷 200-203页

作者： Luetj. CW patrick j.Séguéla P 孙曼霁

烟碱是一类配体门控离子通道的激动剂。烟碱的结合部位主要分布在神经肌接头及中枢神经系统。它可分为两大类及若干亚类。

关键词：哺乳类脑烟碱受体

Cardiac Paraganglioma—A Rare Subset of a Rare Tumor

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World j.urnal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2017年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： Alecsandra-Anca Tudor j.elle Tschui j.rg Schmidli Ralph A.Schmid patrick Dorn Division of General Thoracic Surgery InselspitalUniversity HospitalBernSwitzerland Institute of Pathology University of BernBernSwitzerland Department of Cardiovascular Surgery InselspitalUniversity HospitalBernSwitzerland

Background: Cardiac paraganglioma is a rare entity of an uncommon neuroendocrine tumor. Clinically, non-secreting tumors are often diagnosed because of their growth effects, secreting tumors present symptoms related to catecholamine. Correct diagnosis of a paraganglioma can be reached by biochemical investigations and imaging. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice and has to be planned carefully and interdisciplinarily. Aim: On the basis of a patient with a vague clinical presentation and an unclear situation after primary investigations, we highlight the diagnostic challenge of this rare subset of paragangliomas. Case presentation: We present the case of a 42-year-old woman whose unspecific symptoms and further investigations revealed a paracardiac mass with unknown local behavior and dignity. Surgical resection and histopathological examination led to the diagnosis of a cardiac paraganglioma. Conclusion: Cardiac paragangliomas are extremely rare, but may be treated curatively by resection after careful preoperative investigation and interdisciplinary planning.

关键词： Cardiac Paraganglioma Paraganglioma

Vasopressin in vasoplegic shock:A systematic review

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World j.urnal of Critical Care Medicine 2020年第5期9卷 88-98页

作者： Andrew j.Webb Mohamed O Seisa Tarek Nayfeh patrick M Wieruszewski Scott D Nei Nathan j.Smischney Department of Pharmacy Oregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Robert D and Patricia E Kern Center For The Science of Health Care Delivery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Pharmacy Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesia Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUNDVasoplegic shock is a challenging complication of cardiac surgery and is oftenresistant to conventional therapies for shock. Norepinephrine and epinephrine arestandards of care for vasoplegic shock, but vasopressin has increasingly been usedas a primary pressor in vasoplegic shock because of its unique pharmacology andlack of inotropic activity. It remains unclear whether vasopressin has distinctbenefits over standard of care for patients with vasoplegic *** summarize the available literature evaluating vasopressin vs non-vasopressinalternatives on the clinical and patient-centered outcomes of vasoplegic shock inadult intensive care unit (ICU) *** was a systematic review of vasopressin in adults (≥ 18 years) with vasoplegicshock after cardiac surgery. Randomized controlled trials, prospective cohorts,and retrospective cohorts comparing vasopressin to norepinephrine, epinephrine,methylene blue, hydroxocobalamin, or other pressors were included. The primaryoutcomes of interest were 30-d mortality, atrial/ventricular arrhythmias, stroke,ICU length of stay, duration of vasopressor therapy, incidence of acute kidneyinj.ry stage II-III, and mechanical ventilation for greater than 48 *** total of 1161 studies were screened for inclusion with 3 meeting inclusioncriteria with a total of 708 patients. Two studies were randomized controlled trials and one was a retrospective cohort study. Primary outcomes of 30-d mortality,stroke, ventricular arrhythmias, and duration of mechanical ventilation weresimilar between groups. Conflicting results were observed for acute kidney inj.rystage II-III, atrial arrhythmias, duration of vasopressors, and ICU length of staywith higher certainty of evidence in favor of vasopressin serving a protective rolefor these *** was not found to be superior to alternative pressor therapy for any ofthe included outcomes. Results are limited by mixed methodologies, small overallsample si

关键词： Vasopressins Shock Vasoactive agents Treatment outcome Vasoplegia Arginine vasopressin

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大坝系统

大坝与安全 2015年第4期29卷 85-90页

作者： patrick j.Regan 崔弘毅许传桂 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission-Division of Dam Safety and Inspections 不详

纳西姆·塔雷伯在其著作《黑天鹅》中声称,之前能真正发生和遭遇稀有事件的机会很少,因此,很难预见到。他更进一步阐述,因为不能预见到这些事情的发生,所以直到事件真正发生之前都不能评估其会带来的风险。本质上,他的核心观点是对于某... 详细信息

纳西姆·塔雷伯在其著作《黑天鹅》中声称,之前能真正发生和遭遇稀有事件的机会很少,因此,很难预见到。他更进一步阐述,因为不能预见到这些事情的发生,所以直到事件真正发生之前都不能评估其会带来的风险。本质上,他的核心观点是对于某些案例,百分百会存在认知上的不确定性和基础知识的缺乏,并且,任何想分析和评估其相关风险的尝试都是徒劳的。2001年9月11日对纽约世贸中心大厦进行的恐怖袭击,通常就被定性为黑天鹅事件,其他许多大坝失事案例也一样。对大坝溃决和对与事故相关的安全进行研究,结果表明:大多数事故不是由单一的、容易分析的、某一组成部分的失事或极值负荷工况引起,而是各个组成部分和子系统相互联系、相互作用引起事故。为更彻底地评估大坝的安全,必须使用可以分析系统失事模式的工具,并使用所获取的知识和想象来假设之前没意识到的系统失事模式。换句话说,必须设想黑天鹅事件。通过应用系统工程技术中的概念,相比于可能采用的更常用的标准或风险确定的方法,可以形成一种较全面的方法应用到大坝安全中来。笔者讨论了大坝失事的系统成因和研究人员正在开发的各种方法,以分析系统失事模式并评估相关风险。

关键词：大坝系统大坝失事

新型的持续配戴高DK值的角膜接触镜(英文)

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眼视光学杂志 2003年第4期5卷 204-208页

作者： j.nnifer L. Smythe Peter Bergenske patrick j. Caroline College of Optometry College of OptometryCollege of Optometry Pacific UniversityUSAPacific UniversityUSAPacific UniversityUSA

目的 :随着镜片材料和制作工艺的高速发展 ,更加安全地过夜配戴角膜接触镜已逐渐成为可能。方法 :对近年来涉及持续配戴高DK值角膜接触镜的一些研究论文进行综述。结果 :新型的高DK值的硅胶和硅氟化物水凝胶镜片与传统的HEMA镜片相比 ,... 详细信息

目的 :随着镜片材料和制作工艺的高速发展 ,更加安全地过夜配戴角膜接触镜已逐渐成为可能。方法 :对近年来涉及持续配戴高DK值角膜接触镜的一些研究论文进行综述。结果 :新型的高DK值的硅胶和硅氟化物水凝胶镜片与传统的HEMA镜片相比 ,氧传导性高出 6倍 ,这种新材料的镜片能够从根本上避免任何与组织缺氧有关的并发症。另一个明显的差异在于 :新一代的硅胶镜片有更高的系数。而且在生理反应、匹配以及易操作性方面 ,与传统的低DK值镜片也明显不同。另外 ,尽管与组织缺氧相关的并发症不再存在 ,但是由于镜片覆盖在角巩缘 36 0度范围 ,所以潜在的炎症反应以及机械性的损伤仍然不可避免。因此 ,制造者对涉及角膜生理反应的评估和对配适关系重要性的理解是这些新镜片获得成功过夜配戴的关键。结论 :作为眼保健的从业者 ,视光医师必须了解持续配戴镜片的新进展情况、新材料潜在的副反应和配适特性。

关键词：高DK 角膜接触镜配戴过夜副反应隐形眼镜

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逻辑学基础

Comparing the Effects of Inputs for NTT and ArcAPEX Interfaces on Model Outputs and Simulation Performance

2017年

作者：（美）patrick j.HURLEY 郑伟平刘新文译

本书主要介绍逻辑学基础知识, 包括非形式逻辑、直言命题、直言三段论、命题逻辑、自然演绎规则和谓词逻辑等。

ISBN: (数字)9787518411641

ISBN: (纸本)7518411641

本书主要介绍逻辑学基础知识, 包括非形式逻辑、直言命题、直言三段论、命题逻辑、自然演绎规则和谓词逻辑等。

关键词：逻辑学教材

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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j.urnal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第5期11卷 554-580页

作者： Amanda M. Nelson Daniel N. Moriasi Mansour Talebizadeh Haile K. Tadesse j.an L. Steiner Prasanna H. Gowda patrick j. Starks USDA-ARS-Grazinglands Research Laboratory El Reno OK US

The Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender (APEX) model has five different interfaces used to process and build simulation proj.cts. These interfaces utilize different input databases that lead to different model default values. These values can result in different hydrologic, crop growth, and nutrient flow model outputs. This study compared structural and input value differences of the ArcAPEX and Nutrient Tracking Tool (NTT) interfaces. Long-term, water quality data from the Rock Creek watershed, located in Ohio were used to determine the impact of the differences on computation time, parameter sensitivity, and streamflow, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) simulation performance. The input structures were the same for both interfaces for all files except soils, where NTT assigns three soil files per field, rather than a single one in ArcAPEX. As a result, computation times were three times as long for NTT as for ArcAPEX. There were twelve sensitive parameters in both cases, but the order of sensitivity was different. Both interfaces simulated streamflow well, but ARCAPEX simulated evapotranspiration, TN, and TP better than NTT, while NTT simulated crop yields better than ArcAPEX. However, none of the models met all of the performance criteria for either interface. Therefore, more work is needed to ensure models are properly calibrated before being used for scenario analysis. While it is acceptable for the values to be different from the SSURGO database, there is no documentation explaining the rationale for the modifications from the original source. This is one of the examples that highlights lack of detailed documentation that would be useful to model users. Overall, the results indicate that different interfaces lead to different model simulation results and, therefore, the authors recommend users specify the interface used and any modifications made to the associated databases when reporting model results.

关键词： Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender (APEX) Calibration Sensitivity Analysis Parameterization Model Databases

Outcomes after arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears in the setting of mild to moderate glenohumeral osteoarthritis

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World j.urnal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 631-643页

作者： Ian S Hong Allison j.Rao Tyler L CarlLee j.shua D Meade Daniel j.Hurwit Gregory Scarola David P Trofa Shadley C Schiffern Nady Hamid patrick M Connor j.mes E Fleischli Bryan Michael Saltzman Department of Orthopedic Surgery Atrium Health Musculoskeletal InstituteCharlotteNC 28207United States Department of Sports Medicine Orthocarolina Research InstituteCharlotteNC 28207United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York CityNY 10032United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Carolinas Medical CenterCharlotteNC 28207United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery OrthoCarolina Sports Medicine CenterCharlotteNC 28207United States

BACKGROUND Rotator cuff pathology is a very common source of shoulder ***,osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral j.int can cause shoulder pain and produce similar *** management can be indicated for both pathologies,however,outcomes data is limited when examining rotator cuff repair(RCR) in the setting of glenohumeral arthritis(GHOA).Thus,this study sought to determine outcomes for patients who undergo RCR in the setting of *** To evaluate if a relationship exists between outcomes of RCR in the setting of *** This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with concurrent glenohumeral osteoarthritis between *** were stratified based on rotator cuff tear size and glenohumeral osteoarthritis *** were paired 1:1 with patients without glenohumeral *** included had a minimum two year *** of conversion to total shoulder arthroplasty,complication rates following initial surgery,and patient-reported outcome measures were *** A total of 142 patients were *** number of patients that required total shoulder arthroplasty within two years after index surgery was low.2/71(2.8%) patients with GHOA,and 1/71(1.4%) without *** rotator cuff repair,both groups showed favorable patientreported *** Patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair showed comparable outcomes to patients without glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

关键词： Rotator cuff repair Rotator cuff tear Glenohumeral osteoarthritis Shoulder Arthroscopic Outcomes

Test of incremental respiratory endurance as home-based, standalone therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A case report

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World j.urnal of Clinical Cases 2022年第1期10卷 353-360页

作者： Filip Dosbaba Martin Hartman Ladislav Batalik Kristian Brat Marek Plutinsky j.kub Hnatiak Magno F Formiga Lawrence patrick Cahalin Department of Rehabilitation University Hospital BrnoBrno 62500Czech Republic Department of Public Health Faculty of MedicineMasaryk University BrnoBrno 62500Czech Republic Department of Respiratory Diseases University Hospital BrnoBrno 62500Czech Republic International Clinical Research Center St.Anne’s University HospitalBrno 65691Czech Republic Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Estadual da ParaíbaCampina Grande 58051Brazil Department of Physical Therapy University of Miami–Miller School of MedicineCoral GablesFL 33101United States

BACKGROUND The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is increasing worldwide,and at the same time it is associated with increased mortality and reduced quality of *** to build sustainable rehabilitation approaches to COPD treatment and prevention are *** system of long-term pulmonary rehabilitation care is *** main reasons for the absence of these outpatient programs are the lack of experience,the lack of interest of insurance companies in secondary prevention programs,and the lack of healthcare facilities in large geographical *** possibility of at-home pulmonary rehabilitation models(telemonitoring and telecoaching)could solve this *** SUMMARY A 71-year-old man with severe COPD,Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Diseases stage 3 underwent an 8-wk remotely monitored inspiratory muscle training with a device based on the test of incremental respiratory endurance ***,body plethysmography,test of incremental respiratory endurance examination,6-min walking test,body mass index,airflow obstruction,dyspnea,exercise capacity index,and subj.ctive perception of dyspnea were performed as part of the initial and final *** patient performed training at home,and the physiotherapist monitored the patient remotely through a web application that allowed the physiotherapist to evaluate all training parameters in real-time and respond to any *** 8 wk of home training,there was a significant increase in all monitored values:maximal inspiratory pressure,a novel parameter sustained maximal inspiratory pressure,forced expiratory volume in 1 s,total lung capacity,forced vital capacity,peak expiratory flow,and inspiratory *** was also an improvement in the perception of dyspnea according to the COPD Assessment Test and a modified Medical Research Council Breathlessness Scale,an increase in exercise tolerance according to the 6-min walking test,and a decrease in the exercise

关键词： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Test of incremental respiratory endurance Inspiratory muscle training Telerehabilitation Case report

Uncovering genetic and metabolite markers associated with resistance against anthracnose fruit rot in northern highbush blueberry

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Horticulture Research 2023年第10期10卷 25-36页

作者： MacKenzie j.cobs Samantha Thompson Adrian E.Platts Melanie j.A.Body Alexys Kelsey Amanda Saad patrick Abeli Scott j.Teresi Anthony Schilmiller Randolph Beaudry Mitchell j.Feldmann Steven j.Knapp Guo-qing Song Timothy Miles patrick P.Edger Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Molecular Plant Science Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources Kansas State UniversityOlatheKS 66061USA Genetics and Genome Sciences Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Mass Spectrometry&Metabolomics Core Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Anthracnose fruit rot(AFR),caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae,is among the most destructive and widespread fruit disease of blueberry,impacting both yield and overall fruit *** cultivars have highly variable resistance against *** date,this pathogen is largely controlled by applying various fungicides;thus,a more cost-effective and environmentally conscious solution for AFR is *** we report three quantitative trait loci associated with AFR resistance in northern highbush blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum).Candidate genes within these genomic regions are associated with the biosynthesis of flavonoids(***)and resistance against ***,we examined gene expression changes in fruits following inoculation with Colletotrichum in a resistant cultivar,which revealed an enrichment of significantly differentially expressed genes associated with certain specialized metabolic pathways(*** biosynthesis)and pathogen *** non-targeted metabolite profiling,we identified a flavonol glycoside with properties consistent with a quercetin rhamnoside as a compound exhibiting significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals from the genetic mapping *** analysis revealed that this compound exhibits significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals when analyzed as two ***,individuals within each group displayed considerable overlapping variation in this compound,suggesting that its abundance may only be partially associated with resistance against *** findings should serve as a powerful resource that will enable breeding programs to more easily develop new cultivars with superior resistance to AFR and as the basis of future research studies.

关键词： applying resistance specialized