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International Journal of disaster Risk Science 2012年第4期3卷 185-194页

作者： Rory A.Walshe patrick d.Nunn department of Geography Environment and Disaster ManagementCoventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUnited Kingdom School of Behavioural Cognitive and Social SciencesUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNew South Wales 2351Australia

despite reaching heights of >6 m and destroying a sizeable coastal settlement at the head of Baie Martelli(Pentecost Island, Vanuatu, South Pacific), the 26 November 1999 tsunamis caused only five fatalities from a threatened population of about 300 persons, most of whom fled inland and upslope before the waves struck. This remarkable survival rate is attributed to both indigenous knowledge, largely in the form of kastom knowledge, and information obtained from a video about tsunamis that was shown in the area three weeks earlier. Interviews with 55 persons who experienced this tsunami suggest that indigenous knowledge about tsunami risk and response in Baie Martelli was well known among key members of the community and was probably largely responsible for the appropriate response. Future strategies for disaster risk reduction should involve maintaining such indigenous knowledge in such communities and supplementing this where needed with scientific knowledge filtered through indigenous culture and language.

关键词： Island cost inland

Climate Change Adaptation for People and Nature:A Case Study from the ***

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2012年第1期3卷 22-37页

作者： patrick d.MCCARTHY The Nature Conservancy Santa Fe 87501U.S.

In the ***,global climate change,acting in concert with extant stressors such as urbanization and over-allocation of water resources,is changing ecosystems in measureable and sometimes dramatic ***-first century projections indicate accelerating climate change and cascading ecological *** observed to date include large-scale forest dieback,large and severe wildfires,and changes in the flow regimes of rivers and streams with attendant changes to riparian and aquatic *** temperatures and changing precipitation patterns are pushing ecosystems across physiological and ecological thresholds,causing widespread mortality and,in some cases,major changes in composition,structure and *** changes have prompted action by the conservation community to reduce the adverse effects of climate *** Southwest Climate Change Initiative(SWCCI),a project led by The Nature Conservancy,works with local stakeholders in affected landscapes,reduces adverse impacts on ecological and social systems using scientific knowledge and practical *** Initiative has learned through practical experience that: 1) managers must embrace change and manage for resilience rather than resistance;2) strong local science-management partnerships are critical to effective adaptation planning and implementation;3) planners and managers must broaden the scope and accelerate the pace of conservation activities if ecosystem services are to be sustained;4) adaptation often does not require radically new or different management practices,rather,conservationists already have many of the tools they need;and 5) rapid documentation and widespread communication of methods and findings can build rapidly regional capacity for climate change *** experience suggests that adaptation efforts can be effective if they are focused at the local scale;employ learning networks;and engage in ecosystem-based adaptation:the sustainable management,conservation

关键词： climate change adaptation ecosystem-based adaptation ecological thresholds learning networks

Antiseptic Efficacy of A Soap Made from Biosurfactants Isolated from Bacillus and Lactobacillus against Pathogenic Bacteria

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 31-58页

作者： Frédéric Yannick Okouakoua Christian Aimé Kayath Nicaise Saturnin Mokémiabeka Varelle Bervanie Ngala Elenga digne Nedjea N’goma-Mona Ndelani Nkalla Lambi Sandra Paola Elenga Wilson Christ dieuveil Bayakissa Malanda Rodinet Tsana Junior patrick Sergy Bissoko1 Moïse doria Kaya-Ongoto duchel Jeanedvi Kinavouidi Etienne Nguimbi Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Molé culaire (BCM) Facult&eacute des Sciences et Techniques Universit&eacute Marien N’gouabi Brazzaville Congo Institut National de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Naturelles (IRSEN) Avenue de l’Auberge Gascogne Brazzaville Congo

The aim of our study was to use a biosurfactant produced by Bacillus and Lactobacillus isolates as an antiseptic in the formulation of local soap. A total of 60 isolates were characterized by microbiological techniques (30 Bacillus and 30 Lactobacillus) and the ability to produce biosurfactants was demonstrated by a hydrocarbon emulsification index (E24). The emulsification indexes (E24) varied from 9% to 100% for Bacillus and from 33% to 100% for Lactobacillus as well. The antagonistic assay showed that biosurfactants were able to inhibit the formation of biofilms and growth of pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhirium, Shigella boydii and Proteus mirabilis. The biosurfactant consortium (BioC) from Bacillus consortium and from Lactobacillus was able to inhibit biofilm formation and the pathogens growth. The BioC was stable to alkaline pH and the temperatures stability of Biosurfactant was ranging from 50°C to 90°C. The soap was made by the cold saponification process using one biosurfactant consortium formulated. This soap has a pH of 10 and showed good cleaning power and good foam stability. Similarly, the soap showed good antiseptic power and disinfection power against all pathogens tested. Handwashing is critical to preventing disease transmission. The persistence of pathogens in waste water was evaluated. The BioS produced showed good disinfection power against all pathogens tested. The valor of reduction on the hands and in the waste water was significantly more than compared to the control soaps used. This soap could be used in the prevention, fighting, and treatment of bacterial and viral infections.

关键词： Antiseptic Soap Biosurfactants Bacillus Lactobacillus disinfection Pathogens bacteria

Assessment of the Vaccination Status of Children Aged 6 to 30 Months in a Tertiary Level Health Care Center in Côte d’Ivoire

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 536-546页

作者： Yenan John patrick Kpangni Jean Bertrand Yao Kouassi Christian Yeboua Yao Kossonou Roland Aka-Tanoh Koko Aude Hélène Avi-Siallou Christelle Honorine Asse Kouadio Vincent department of Pediatrics University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Unit Pediatric Surgery University Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast

Introduction: Vaccination coverage in Côte d’Ivoire over the period 2011 to 2015 was below the target of 95% for all antigens. The objective of this study was to analyze the vaccination status of children aged 6 to 30 months with a view to improving vaccination coverage. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study which took place from June to September 2018 in a tertiary health center, focusing on children aged 6 to 30 months with a correctly completed health record. The parameters studied were sex, age, educational level of mothers, dates of vaccine administration and reason for missed vaccination opportunities. Results: We retained 212 children. The sex ratio was 1.21 and 93% had received the BCG vaccine before the age of 1 month. The average ages of combined and co-administered vaccines for the 1st and 2nd doses were 7.66 ± 3.81 and 12.88 ± 3.95 weeks, respectively. The median was 16.57 weeks for the 3rd dose. The proportion of vaccinated subjects was greater than 90% for the BCG vaccine and the 3 doses of combined vaccines, and 77% for the yellow fever and measles vaccines. The reasons for non-vaccination were attributable to the children’s parents and health facilities. Conclusion: Improving vaccination coverage requires regular supply of vaccines to centers, and the involvement of all health professionals, community and religious leaders in the vaccination awareness process.

关键词： Children Vaccination Coverage Missed Opportunities

Targeted therapy for capillary-venous malformations

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3024-3039页

作者： Lola Zerbib Sophia Ladraa Antoine Fraissenon Charles Bayard Marina Firpion Quitterie Venot Sanela Protic Clément Hoguin Amandine Thomas Sylvie Fraitag Jean-Paul duong Sophie Kaltenbach Estelle Balducci Coline Lefevre patrick Villarese Vahid Asnafi Christine Broissand Nicolas Goudin Ivan Nemazanyy Gwennhael Autret Bertrand Tavitian Christophe Legendre Nadia Arzouk Veronique Minard-Colin Caroline Chopinet Michael dussiot denise MAdams Tristan Mirault Laurent Guibaud Paul Isenring Guillaume Canaud UniversitéParis Cité ParisFrance INSERM U1151 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance Service d’Imagerie Pédiatrique Hôpital Femme-Mère-EnfantHCLBronFrance CREATIS UMR 5220 Villeurbanne 69100France Service de Radiologie Mère-Enfant Hôpital NordSaint EtienneFrance Service d’Anatomie pathologique Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Laboratoire d’Oncohématologie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Pharmacie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Necker Bio-Image Analysis INSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Platform for Metabolic Analyses Structure Fédérative de Recherche NeckerINSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Plateforme Imageries du Vivant Universitéde ParisPARCCINSERMParisFrance Service de Néphrologie Transplantation AdultesHôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Service de Transplantation Hôpital La PitiéSalpétrièreAP-HPParisFrance department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology INSERM 1015Gustave RoussyUniversitéParis-SaclayVillejuifFrance Service de Physiologie&Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires CHU de LilleLille 59000France INSERM U1163 Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic ImplicationsLaboratoire d’Excellence GR-ExParisFrance division of Oncology Comprehensive Vascular Anomalies ProgramChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Service de Médecine Vasculaire hôpital Européen Georges-PompidouParisFrance Nephrology Research Group L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec Research CenterDepartment of MedicineFaculty of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebecQC G1R2J6Canada Unitéde médecine translationnelle et thérapies ciblées Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance CNRS UMR8253 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance

Sporadic venous malformations are genetic conditions primarily caused by somatic gain-of-function mutation of PIK3CA or TEK,an endothelial transmembrane receptor signaling through *** malformations are associated with pain,bleedings,thrombosis,pulmonary embolism,esthetic deformities and,in severe cases,life-threatening *** authorized medical treatment exists for patients with venous ***,we created a genetic mouse model of PIK3CA-related capillary venous malformations that replicates patient *** showed that these malformations only partially signal through AKT *** compared the efficacy of different drugs,including rapamycin,a mTORC1 inhibitor,miransertib,an AKT inhibitor and alpelisib,a PI3Kαinhibitor at improving the lesions seen in the mouse *** demonstrated the effectiveness of alpelisib in preventing vascular malformations’occurrence,improving the already established ones,and prolonging *** these findings,we were authorized to treat 25 patients with alpelisib,including 7 children displaying PIK3CA(n=16)or TEK(n=9)-related capillary venous malformations resistant to usual therapies including sirolimus,debulking surgical procedures or percutaneous *** assessed the volume of vascular malformations using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for each *** demonstrated improvement in all 25 *** malformations previously considered intractable were reduced and clinical symptoms were *** showed a decrease of 33.4%and 27.8%in the median volume of PIK3CA and TEK malformations respectively,over 6 months on *** conclusion,this study supports PI3Kαinhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy in patients with PIK3CA or TEK-related capillary venous malformations.

关键词： PIK3CA malformations venous

Effect of Biofertilizers on the Agromorphological Parameters of Three Okra Cultivars in Southern Côte d’Ivoire

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 408-422页

作者： Guinagui N’doua Bertrand Nomel Meless Patrice Sanogo Souleymane Kouassi N’dri Pacôme Kouadio Edouard Yves Gilchrist dao Jonas patrick Koné dapah Sara Fatim Koné daouda Fatogoma Sorho Plant Physiology and Pathology Teaching and Research Unit UFR Biosciences F&#233lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire WASCAL Center/African Center of Excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (WASCAL/CEA-CCBAD) Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is an herbaceous plant of the Malvaceae family. In Côte d’Ivoire, okra production is estimated to be over 193,000 tons. This low production is largely due to poor soils and hardly covers the needs of the population. To remedy this, growers systematically use mineral fertilizers. However, these fertilizers pollute the environment. To find an alternative to chemical fertilization and increase production, the effect of biofertilizers (Spaawet, Retone, Super Gro) compared with NPK mineral fertilizer was evaluated on divo, Teriman, and djonan F1 cultivars. The trial was set up in a factorial block design with three replications. Plant height, number of functional leaves, and crown diameter were assessed at 60 days after sowing (dAS). The time to 50% flowering, production time, and fruit yield were calculated. The results showed that the biofertilizer Retone induced the highest heights and number of functional leaves, with averages of 61.89 cm and 29.88 leaves, respectively. The diameter at the crown (17.77 mm) was highest with the NPK mineral fertilizer, and the shortest 50% flowering time, with an average of 47.61 days, was also obtained with the biofertilizer Retone. The NPK mineral fertilizer produced the longest production time, with an average of 35.25 days. The highest yields were obtained using Retone (11.07 t/ha) and NPK (9.52 t/ha) fertilizers. The “divo*Retone” interaction produced the highest yield with an average of 12.19 t/ha. The biofertilizer Retone could therefore be used as an alternative fertilizer to chemical fertilization in okra crops, given its effect on the parameters assessed.

关键词： Biofertilizer Retone Mineral Fertilizer Okra Yield Côte d’Ivoire

Optimal trajectory design accounting for the stabilization of linear time-varying error dynamics

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第7期35卷 55-66页

作者： patrick PIPREK Haichao HONG Florian HOLZAPFEL Institute of Flight System dynamics Technical University of MunichGarching D-85748Germany

This study is dedicated to the development of a direct optimal control-based algorithm for trajectory optimization problems that accounts for the closed-loop stability of the trajectory tracking error dynamics already during the ***,the trajectory is designed such that the Linear Time-Varying(LTV)dynamic system,describing the controller’s error dynamics,is stable,while additionally the desired optimality criterion is optimized and all enforced constraints on the trajectory are *** is achieved by means of a Lyapunov stability analysis of the LTV dynamics within the optimization problem using a time-dependent,quadratic Lyapunov function *** care is taken with regard to ensuring the correct definiteness of the ensuing matrices within the Lyapunov stability analysis,specifically considering a numerically stable formulation of these in the numerical *** developed algorithm is applied to a trajectory design problem for which the LTV system is part of the path-following error dynamics,which is required to be *** main benefit of the proposed scheme in this context is that the designed trajectory trades-off the required stability and robustness properties of the LTV dynamics with the optimality of the trajectory already at the design phase and thus,does not produce unstable optimal trajectories the system must follow in the real application.

关键词： LTV error dynamics LTV stability Optimal control-based LTV stabilization Path-following error controller Trajectory generation Trajectory optimization

Advancements in non-starch polysaccharides research for frozen foods and microencapsulation of probiotics

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2009年第4期3卷 413-426页

作者： Pavan Kumar SOMA patrick d.WILLIAMS Y.Martin LO department of Nutrition and Food Science University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Conventionally used in the food industry as stabilizing,thickening,gelling,and suspending or dispersing agents,non-starch polysaccharides such as xanthan gum are known to improve the texture of certain frozen *** polysaccharide that has received significant attention in recent years is chitosan,a natural biopolymer derived from *** the wake of growing interest in finding ideal encapsulating agents for probiotics,non-starch polysaccharides have been *** research can be found on the effect of each individual polysaccharide,but there remains a void in the literature in terms of closely comparing the characteristics of nonstarch polysaccharides for these applications,especially when more than one biopolymer is employed.A good understanding of the tools capable of elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved is essential in ushering further development of their ***,it is this review’s intention to focus on the selection criteria of non-starch polysaccharides based on their rheological properties,resistance to harsh conditions,and ability to improve sensory quality.A variety of critical tools is also carefully examined with respect to the attainable information crucial to frozen food and microencapsulation applications.

关键词： microencapsulation xanthan galactomannan chitosan curdlan

Loss and damage as an Alternative to Resilience and Vulnerability?Preliminary Reflections on an Emerging Climate Change Adaptation discourse

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International Journal of disaster Risk Science 2014年第1期5卷 88-93页

作者： Alexander Fekete patrick Sakdapolrak Risk and Crisis Management Section Cologne University of Applied Sciences50679 CologneGermany department of Geography University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany

One relatively novel way of assessing the characteristics and limitations of resilience and vulnerability(R&V)is undertaken in this article by investigating a growing alternative paradigm—loss and damage(L&d)*** idea of L&d as an emerging policy may be surprising to many in the disaster risk management community,and so we first outline the origins of this trend,and then explore the potential benefits and pitfalls of adopting *** short article represents our preliminary opinions and observations regarding this reintroduction of a longestablished *** also present results from a very brief peer-group survey on some of the first immediate reactions towards L&d *** this early stage,this article cannot offer a full-fledged analysis,but our reflections may serve as a starting point to encourage further discussion.

关键词： Climate change adaptation Loss and damage Resilience Vulnerability

Shapes,structures,and evolution of small bodies

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Astrodynamics 2021年第4期5卷 293-329页

作者： Yun Zhang patrick Michel Universit´e Cote d’Azur Observatoire de la Cote d’AzurCNRSLaboratoire LagrangeNice06304France department of Aerospace Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA

Small bodies are among the best tracers of our Solar System’s history.A large number of space missions to small bodies(past and future)offer a unique opportunity to use these bodies as a natural laboratory to study the different processes,mechanical structures,and responses that drive the origin and evolution of small bodies,which are connected to the origin,evolution,and current architecture of the Solar *** of small bodies sent by spacecraft have revealed unexpectedly rich and complex geological *** addition to very diverse compositions,small bodies in the Solar System have highly diverse shapes and structures,which reflect both different evolutionary paths and material ***,each individual body has diverse geological features on its surface,which include craters of various sizes and depths,boulders of different sizes and morphologies,lineaments,fractures,pits,signatures of landslides,terraces,and *** a geological richness could not be detected via ground-based observations,and we are still at the beginning of understanding their significance on the low-gravity surfaces on which they *** combination of space mission data and numerical modeling allows us to enrich our understanding of the origin,evolution,and physical properties of these fascinating *** instance,starting from the shape models,bulk densities,and spin rates determined from space mission data,we can investigate the formation mechanisms that lead to the observed properties of small *** can also infer the interior and mechanical properties(e.g.,friction and cohesion)that allow a small body to be structurally stable,as well as its further potential evolution under processes such as a spin rate increase or an ***,considering the various processes that these bodies experience during their evolution,we can investigate how these processes modify their properties and,in turn,how those properties influence the outcome of these ***

关键词： small bodies internal structure collisional evolution thermal evolution rotational evolution tidal encounter