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Randomized, p.acebo-Controlled Trial of Transdermal Rivastigmine for the Treatment of Encep.alop.thy in Liver Cirrhosis (TREC Trial)

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Op.n Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第6期4卷 255-264页

作者： patrick p. basu Niraj James Shah Mark M. Aloysius Robert S. Brown Columbia University College of p.ysicians & Surgeons New York USA James J. p.ters VA Medical Center New York USA King’s County Hosp.tal New York USA

Objectives: Cognitive dysfunction in p.tients with hep.tic encep.alop.thy (HE) may be caused by alterations in cholinergic neurotransmission. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal rivastigmine in imp.oving cognitive function in p.tients with overt HE. Design: Randomized, controlled p.lot study in which p.tients with grade 2 or 3 HE were treated with lactulose and randomized to receive either transdermal rivastigmine or p.acebo for 21 days. The modified encep.alop.thy scale (MES), object recognition test (ORT), trail test (TT), and serum ammonia were assessed at baseline weekly. Electroencep.alograp.y was p.rformed at baseline and the final week of the study. Results: p.tients were treated with lactulose (20 g/30 mL three times p.r day) and either transdermal rivastigmine (4.6 mg/d;n = 15) or p.acebo (n = 15). Transdermal rivastigmine significantly imp.oved MES, ORT, and TT results comp.red with p.acebo (p.≤ 0.0001 at all 3 weeks for all 3 assessments). Serum ammonia imp.oved in both treatment group., although there was significantly greater imp.ovement with p.acebo than rivastigmine after 2 weeks of treatment (p.What is already known about this subject? ? Current ap.roaches to the management of HE are p.imarily designed to reduce the levels of ammonia and other gut-derived toxins. ? Traditional strategies for HE treatment have included non-absorbable disaccharides (to decrease bowel transit time) or rifamixin (non-absorbable antibiotics to reduce ammoniogenic flora). ? No transdermal cholinomimetic agents have been used with oral lactulose to date, in HE. What are the new findings? ? Transdermal rivastigmine is safe for use in p.tients with grade 2 & 3 HE. ? Transdermal rivastigmine in combination with oral lactulose in this study is far sup.rior to lactulose alone in imp.oving cognitive function. How might it imp.ct on clinical p.actice in the foreseeable future? ? Transdermal rivastigmine in combination with oral lactulo

关键词： Acetylcholinesterase Cholinergic Function Hep.tic Encep.alop.thy Rivastigmine

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The effect of melatonin in functional heartburn: A randomized, p.acebo-controlled clinical trial

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Op.n Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第2期4卷 56-61页

作者： patrick p. basu Hemanth Hemp.le Nitya Krishnaswamy Niraj J. Shah Mark M. Aloysius Columbia University College of p.ysicians and Surgeons New York USA James J. p.ters VA Medical Center Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York USA King’s County Hosp.tal New York USA North Shore University Hosp.tal at Forest Hills Forest Hills USA

Background: Melatonin is a safe and effective treatment for p.tients with functional p.in and gastrointestinal disorders. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of melatonin for 3 months in p.tients with functional heartburn. Methods: In the randomized, p.acebo-controlled p.lot study, p.tients with functional heartburn were treated with omep.azole 20 mg before breakfast and randomized to receive either melatonin 6 mg (n = 20), nortrip.y line 25 mg (n = 20), or p.acebo (n = 20) at bedtime for 3 months. Gastroesop.ageal Reflux Disease-Health-Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQOL) scores were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. Results: Melatonin imp.oved GERD-HRQOL scores comp.red with nortrip.yline (p.= 0.0015) and p.acebo (p.p.rted by p.tients receiving melatonin comp.red with those receiving nortrip.yline or p.acebo. Conclusions: Melatonin was a safe and effective treatment for functional heartburn.

关键词： Melatonin Functional Heartburn Nortrip.yline HRQOL

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Effects of Metoclop.amide Orally Disintegrating Tablet in Op.imizing Late Outp.tient Endoscop.: A Randomized Double-Blind p.acebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

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Op.n Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第4期4卷 187-191页

作者： patrick p. basu Niraj J. Shah Hemanth Hamp.le Nitya Krishnaswamy Mark M. Aloysius A Columbia University College of p.ysicians & Surgeons New York USA Forest Hills Hosp.tal Forest Hills New York USA James p.ters VA Medical Center New York USA Kings County Hosp.tal Internal Medicine New York USA

Aims: Metoclop.amide has been used as a gastro-kinetic agent but the safety and effects of different p.ep.rations of metoclop.amide on p.ep.ration for outp.tient endoscop. are largely unknown. The study aimed to evaluate the (1) Safety of using ODT (orally disintegrating tablet) or TT (traditional tablet) metoclop.amide p.e-endoscop. in non-fasting p.tients comp.red with p.acebo (2) Imp.ct of ODT or TT metoclop.amide on sedation and recovery times comp.red with p.acebo. Methods: A double blind randomized p.acebo-controlled trial with 3 arms;Metoclop.amide ODT (n = 43), Metoclop.amide TT (n = 43) and p.acebo (n = 43). Results: Metoclop.amide ODT had fewer adverse events comp.red with TT or p.acebo. Recovery time was significantly shorter with use of either metoclop.amide versus p.acebo (p.p.amide group. versus p.acebo (p.p.amide ODT is safe and beneficial in endoscop.c p.ocedures requiring limited access to food and liquid.

关键词： Metoclop.amide ODT Endoscop.

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Effect of Vitamin E and Alp.a Lip.ic Acid in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized, p.acebo-Controlled, Op.n-Label, p.osp.ctive Clinical Trial (VAIN Trial)

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Op.n Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期4卷 199-207页

作者： patrick p. basu Niraj J. Shah Mark M. Aloysius Robert S. Brown Jr. Columbia University College of p.ysicians and Surgeons New York USA James J. p.ters VA Medical Center Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York USA King’s County Hosp.tal New York USA

Objective: Antioxidants, including alp.a lip.ic acid (ALA) and vitamin E, are efficacious for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The objective was to evaluate the effects of ALA and vitamin E alone or combined as therap. for p.tients with NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohep.titis (NASH). Design: p.acebo-controlled, op.n-label, p.osp.ctive study in which p.tients with NAFLD and NASH were randomized to treatment with ALA 300 mg (n = 40), vitamin E 700 IU (n = 40), ALA 300 mg p.us vitamin E 700 IU (n = 40), or p.acebo (n = 35) daily for 6 months. Body mass index, homeostasis model assessment scores, fibrosis and steatosis markers, and diagnostic laboratory tests were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study. Results: Treatment with ALA and vitamin E alone or in combination, imp.oved inflammatory cytokine levels, steatosis scores, homeostasis model assessment scores, and triglyceride levels after 6 months relative to baseline. Conclusion: Alp.a lip.ic acid and vitamin E, either alone or in combination, were effective treatments for p.tients with NAFLD and NASH.

关键词： Antioxidant Liver Disease Vitamin E Alp.alip.ic Acid

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A Study on the Safety of Liver Biop.y Inp.tients with Von Willebrand’s Disease

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Op.n Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第9期5卷 134-138页

作者： patrick p. basu Niraj J. Shah Mark M. Aloysius K. Rayap.di Robert Brown Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases and Center for Liver Disease and Transp.antation Columbia University Medical Center New York USA King’s County Hosp.tal Medical Center New York USA Liver Transp.ant Center University of North Carolina School of Medicine Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte USA James J p.ters VA Medical Center at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York USA

Objectives: Liver biop.y remains the gold standard for diagnosis of chronic liver diseases. Outp.tient p.rcutaneous biop.y is generally safe with a mortality rate of 0.17% and hosp.talization rate for bleeding of 3%. Von Willebrand disease (vWD) syndrome is the most common inherited hematological disorder with a p.evalence of 1% - 3% globally. We sought to study whether vWD increases the risk of bleeding for liver biop.ies. Methods: All p.tients (n = 120) who underwent outp.tient p.rcutaneous liver biop.ies from 1997 to 2007 were analyzed. Demograp.ics, p./INR, p.atelet count, vW antigen and ristocetin induced p.atelet aggregation were studied. Results: No vWD p.tients had major bleeding that required transfusion, hosp.talization or surgery but 9 (75%) had minor local bleeding and all had ecchymosis, which resolved sp.ntaneously within 24 hours. Conclusions: p.tients with vW factor deficiency can undergo p.rcutaneous liver biop.y without major bleeding. Minor bleeding may occur at a slightly higher rate. vWD is not a contraindication to p.rcutaneous liver biop.y.

关键词： Liver Biop.y vW Disease Safety Comp.ications

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Entecavir for treatment of chronic hep.titis B: A clinical up.ate for the treatment of p.tients with decomp.nsated cirrhosis

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Op.n Journal of Internal Medicine 2012年第2期2卷 53-61页

作者： p. patrick basu Robert S. Brown Jr. Dep.rtment of Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York USA Dep.rtment of Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York USA

The introduction of nucleos(t)ide analogues for the treatment of chronic hep.titis B virus (HBV) infection was transformative in reducing morbidity and mortality. Entecavir, a p.tent selective nucleoside analogue first ap.roved in 2005 for treatment of chronic HBV, is associated with significant antiviral, biochemical, serologic, and histologic resp.nses. Rap.d reductions in HBV DNA levels, low risk of resistance develop.ent, and a favorable adverse event p.ofile have contributed to its clinical usefulness. Re-cent develop.ents in the use of entecavir have increased its utility in the management of difficult-to-treat p.tients with chronic HBV, including those p.tients with decomp.nsated liver disease. Recent studies in this p.p.lation have demonstrated that entecavir 1.0 mg/d given for up.to 48 weeks had sup.rior antiviral activity when comp.red with adefovir and was generally safe and well tolerated. Long-term outcomes of entecavir in difficult-to-treat p.p.lations are eagerly anticip.ted.

关键词： Aminotransferase Coinfection Decomp.nsated Liver Disease Entecavir HAART Hep.titis B Virus Hep.tocellular Carcinoma Nucleoside Analogue Resistance

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Wave scattering by undulating bed top.grap.y in a two-layer ocean

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Journal of Marine Science and Ap.lication 2009年第3期8卷 183-195页

作者： p. MAITI B. N. MANDAL U. basu Dep.rtment of Mathematics Jadavpur University p.ysics and Ap.lied Mathematics Unit Indian Statistical Institute Dep.rtment of Ap.lied Mathematics Calcutta University

The p.oblem of wave scattering by undulating bed top.grap.y in a two-layer ocean is investigated on the basis of linear theory. In a two-layer fluid with the up.er layer having a free surface, there exist two modes of waves p.op.gating at both the free surface of the up.er layer and the interface between the two layers. Due to a wave train of a p.rticular mode incident on an obstacle which is bottom-standing on the lower layer, reflected and transmitted waves of both modes are created by the obstacle. For small undulations on the bottom of the lower layer, a p.rturbation method is emp.oyed to obtain first-order reflection and transmission coefficients of both modes for incident wave trains of again both modes in terms of integrals involving the bed-shap. fimction. For sinusoidal undulations, numerical results are p.esented grap.ically to illustrate the energy transfer between the waves of different modes by the undulating bed.

关键词： two-layer ocean wave scattering bottom undulations reflection and transmission coefficients

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Sp.stin and alsin p.otein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical p.thways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald p.Hande Ozdinler Dep.rtment of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Develop.ng effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and comp.ex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among p.tients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have imp.ications for a broad sp.ctrum of p.tients. One p.tential solution is to develop.p.rsonalized medicine ap.roaches based on strategies that target the most p.evalent cellular events that are p.rturbed in p.tients. Esp.cially in p.tients with a known genetic mutation, it may be p.ssible to understand how these mutations contribute to p.oblems that lead to neurodegeneration. p.otein–p.otein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how p.oteins interact, which cellular events are p.imarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in p.tients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for p.tients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and sp.stin, two p.oteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis and hereditary sp.stic p.rap.egia, resp.ctively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the p.otein interactome for alsin and sp.stin, the canonical p.thways that are p.imarily imp.rtant for each p.otein domain, as well as comp.unds that are either Food and Drug Administration–ap.roved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular p.thways. This line of research begins to p.ve the way for p.rsonalized medicine ap.roaches that are desp.rately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are comp.ex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis hereditary sp.stic p.rap.egia neurodegenerative diseases p.rsonalized medicine p.ecision medicine p.otein interactome p.otein-p.otein interactions Sp.ST sp.stin

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p.evalence of restless legs syndrome in p.tients with irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第39期17卷 4404-4407页

作者： p.patrick basu N James Shah Nithya Krishnaswamy Tommy p.cana Gastroenterology Hepatologyand Liver Trans-plantColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Gastroenterology Hepatologyand Liver TransplantNew York Hospital Queens Internal Medicine Forest Hills HospitalForest Hills

AIM:To determine the p.evalence of restless legs syndrome(RLS)in p.tients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS:p.tients with diarrhea-p.edominant IBS(n=30),constip.tion-p.edominant IBS(n=30),or mixed-symp.om IBS(n=30)were recruited from the community between March 2008 and February *** 200 mg three times daily was administered emp.rically to alleviate small intestinal bowel over-growth in all *** p.esence of RLS was assessed via an RLS questionnaire and ***:Twentysix p.tients with IBS(29%)were diagnosed with RLS using the RLS ***-four of the 26 p.tients(92%)underwent p.lysomnog-rap.y,and all had confirmation of RLS.A greater p.rcentage of p.tients with RLS had diarrhea-p.edominant IBS(62%)comp.red with p.tients with constip.tion-p.edominant IBS(4%)or mixed-symp.om IBS(33%).CONCLUSION:Restless legs syndrome is p.evalent in p.tients with IBS,esp.cially those with diarrheal *** of concomitant disorders may imp.ove diagnosis and exp.nd relevant treatment op.ions for p.tients.

关键词： Restless legs syndrome Irritable bowel syn-drome Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth p.evalence

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Influence of temp.rature on tunneling-enhanced recombination in Si based p.i–n p.otodiodes

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第8期35卷 10-14页

作者： p.Dalap.ti N.B.Manik A.N.basu Condensed Matter p.ysics Research Center Department of Physics Jadavpur University

We investigate the dominant dark current transp.rt mechanism in Si based p.i-n p.otodiodes, namely, Bp. 21R, SFH 205FA and Bp. 61 p.otodiodes in the temp.rature range of 350 to 139 K. The forward current- voltage characteristics of these p.otodiodes are exp.ained via the tunneling enhanced recombination model, which gives a quantitative descrip.ion of the electronic mechanism in the p.i-n junction p.otodiodes. The observed tem- p.rature dep.ndence of the saturation current and the diode ideality factor of these devices agree well with theo- retical p.edictions; the analysis also indicates the imp.rtance of dop.ng for enhancement of tunneling. The p.esent study will be help.ul in ap.lying the devices at low temp.rature ambience.

关键词： p.otodiode low temp.rature ideality factor reverse saturation current tunneling energy

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