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Self-reported dietary supplement use in deployed United States service members pre-deployment *** deployment,Afghanistan,2013-2014

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Military Medical Research 2018年第3期5卷 207-215页

作者： Shawn M.Varney patrick c.Ng crystal A.Perez Allyson A.Arana Edwin R.Austin Rosemarie G.Ramos Vikhyat S.Bebartas University of Texas Health Science center San Antonio 7709Floyd Curl DrSan AntonioTX 78229USA San Antonio Military Medical center 3551Roger Brooke DriveSan AntonioTX 78234USA Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug center Denver Health and Hospital AuthorityDenverCOUSA U.S.Army Institute of Surgical Research USAF En Route Care Research Center3698Chambers Pass STE BJBSA Ft Sam HoustonSan AntonioTX 78234USA Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine13001E 17th PlaceAuroraCO 80045USA

Background: Dietary supplement use(protein/amino acids, weight-loss supplements, performance enhancers) is common among U.S. military members. Reported dietary supplement use in deployed troops is limited and is of concern in settings where troops are exposed to high ambient temperatures, increased physical demands, and dehydration. Our objective was to describe dietary supplement use and adverse events(AEs) among deployed U.S. service members compared with their pre-deployment ***: We conducted an institutional review board(IRB) approved, descriptive study in Afghanistan using a written questionnaire and collected demographic information, dietary supplement use before and during deployment, AEs associated with supplement use, and physical workout routines. Participants were U.S. military personnel of all branches of service deployed to Afghanistan. They were recruited in high-traffic areas in the combat theater. We analyzed the data with descriptive statistics. Paired t-test/Wilcoxon signed-rank test was conducted to examine the before/during deployment changes for continuous data, and Mc Nemar's chi-square test was conducted for categorical data. We constructed separate logistic regression models to determine the best predictors of increases or decreases in dietary supplement use, with demographic information, reasons for using supplements, and education requested/received as covariates in each model. All statistical tests were two-sided at a significance level of 5%(Pcollected on 1685 participants. Ninety-seven of the participants were in the Army or Air Force. The participants were more likely to work out daily or more than once a day during deployment. Thirty-five percent of the participants reported no supplement use before or during deployment. The remaining 65% of participants reported increased use and increased frequency of use of supplements(e.g., daily) during deployment compared with predeployment. Additionally, more pe

关键词： Military Dietary supplement Workout Exercise Adverse events

PcR-based methodologies for detection and characterization of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii in foods and environmental sources

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2017年第2期6卷 39-59页

作者： Jin-Qiang chen Stephanie Healey patrick Regan Pongpan Laksanalamai Zonglin Hu Winchester Engineering&Analytical center(WEAc) HFR-NE460Office of Regulatory AffairsUS Food and Drug Administration109 Holton StreetWinchesterMA 01890USA MD DHMH Laboratories Administration Division of MicrobiologyRoom 5281770 Ashland Ave.BaltimoreMD 21205USA

Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen responsible for listeriosis,a fatal *** is widely distributed in various foods and environmental *** this review,we focused on addressing PcR-based technologies,including conventional PcR,qPcR and droplet digital PcR(ddPcR).Specifically,we described(a)conventional PcR and mono-,duplex-and multiplex-qPcR methodologies;(b)development and applications of gene HlyA-,Iap-,PrfA–and SsrA-based conventional and qPcR assays as well as PcR assays targeting newly identified gene targets for specific detection of ***;differentiation of viable from dead *** by qPcR in conjugation with propidium monoazide pretreatment;PcR-based serotype identification of *** isolates;PcR-based detection of ***,infecting ruminants,differentiation of *** from other Listeria species;and sigB-gene based PcR identification of Listeria spp;(c)applications of ddPcR in detection of ***;and(d)application of qPcR assays in detection and subtyping of *** in milk and dairy products;meats,meat products and meat-processing environment;and seafood,seafood products and processing *** goal was to provide a relatively comprehensive overview of PcR-based methodologies available in detection,characterization and subtyping of various strains of *** in foods and environmental sources.

关键词： Foodborne pathogens Listeria monocytogenes Listeria ivanovii qPcR

Prevalence and methodologies for detection,characterization and subtyping of Listeria monocytogenes and *** in foods and environmental sources

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2017年第3期6卷 97-120页

作者： Jin-Qiang chena patrick Regan Pongpan Laksanalamai Stephanie Healey Zonglin Hua Winchester Engineering Analytical Center(WEAC)HFR-NE460Office of Regulatory AffairsUS Food and Drug Administration109 Holton StreetWinchesterMA 01890USA MD DHMH Laboratories Administration Division of MicrobiologyRoom 5281770 Ashland Ave.BaltimoreMD 21205USA

Listeria monocytogenes,one of the most important foodborne pathogens,can cause listeriosis,a lethal disease for ***,which is closely related to ***,is also widely distributed in nature and infects mainly warm-blooded ruminants,causing economic ***,there are high priority needs for methodologies for rapid,specific,cost-effective and accurate detection,characterization and subtyping of *** and *** in foods and environmental *** this review,we(A)described *** and ***,world-wide incidence of listeriosis,and prevalence of various *** strains in food and environmental sources;(B)comprehensively reviewed different types of traditional and newly developed methodologies,including culture-based,antigen/antibody-based,LOOP-mediated isothermal amplification,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry,DNA microarray,and genomic sequencing for detection and characterization of *** in foods and environmental sources;(c)comprehensively summarized different subtyping methodologies,including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,multi-locus sequence typing,ribotyping,and phage-typing,and whole genomic sequencing *** subtyping of *** strains from food and environmental sources;and(D)described the applications of these methodologies in detection and subtyping of *** in foods and food processing facilities.

关键词： Foodborne pathogens Listeria monocytogenes Listeria ivanovii Molecular characterization Subtyping

current application of proteomics in biomarker discoveryfor inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第1期7卷 27-37页

作者： patrick PY chan Valerie c Wasinger Rupert W Leong Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility Mark Wainwright Analytical Centrethe University of NSW AustraliaKensingtonNSW 2052Australia Gastroenterology and Liver Services Concord Repatriation General HospitalConcordNSW 2137Australia

Recently, the field of proteomics has rapidly expanded in its application towards clinical research with objectives ranging from elucidating disease pathogenesis to discovering clinical biomarkers. As proteins govern and/or reflect underlying cellular processes, the study of proteomics provides an attractive avenue for research as it allows for the rapid identification of protein profiles in a biological sample. Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) encompasses several heterogeneous and chronic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Proteomic technology provides a powerful means of addressing major challenges in IBD today, especially for identifying biomarkers to improve its diagnosis and management. This review will examine the current state of IBD proteomics research and its use in biomarker research. Furthermore, we also discuss the challenges of translating proteomic research into clinically relevant tools. The potential application of this growing field is enormous and is likely to provide significant insights towards improving our future understanding and management of IBD.

关键词： Proteomics Inflammatory bowel disease Biomarkers Molecular diagnostic techniques Massspectrometry

Pelvic region bone density,soft tissue mass,and injury frequency in female professional ballet dancers and soccer athletes

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第3期3卷 157-164页

作者： Hamed Vahedi carter M.Taft Joshua R.Daum Sherif Dabash patrick c.Mcculloch Bradley S.Lambert Department of Orthopedics&Sports Medicine Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonTXUnited States Department of Kinesiology Rice UniversityHoustonTXUnited States

We recently observed a high prevalence of low pelvic bone mineral density(BMD)in female professional ballet *** this population is susceptible to musculoskeletal overuse injuries,we aimed to determine which regions of the pelvis may be at greatest risk compared to general population females(GENPOP)as well as professional female soccer players(SOccER,a comparison to other elite athletes regularly subjected to high degrees of loading).Three groups of age-matched females[(GENPOP;n=38,27±1yrs),(BALLET;single com-pany,n=36,26±3yrs),(SOccER;single NWSL■club,n=34,25±1yrs)]consented to have their BMD and body composition assessed(DEXA,GE■).In addition to soft tissue and total and regional BMD analyses,a segmental analysis of the pelvis was performed to determine site-specific BMD for the iliac fossa,iliac fossa/iliac crest/ilium combined,pubic bone,ischium,and sacrum.A mixed-model ANOVA followed by a Tukey's post-hoc test was used to compare the groups(Type-I error;α=0.05).The BALLET group had lower pelvic BMD for all measures(Avg.%Diff.=15%-27%,pcompared to the SOccER group and for the ischium(Avg.%Diff.=8%;p=0.007)and sacrum(Avg.%Diff.=7%;p=0.028)compared to the GENPOP *** BALLET group had lower lean mass for all measures compared to the other groups(Avg.%Diff.=12%-18%;pced pelvic region soft tissue and site-specific BMD not previously detected using standard DEXA *** findings highlight which pelvic regions may benefit from preventative strength training and/or nutritional interventions.

关键词： Ballet Bone Bone density Athlete Female athlete

Plasma-electrified up-carbonization for low-carbon clean energy

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carbon Energy 2023年第1期5卷 25-70页

作者： Rusen Zhou Yadong Zhao Renwu Zhou Tianqi Zhang patrick cullen Yao Zheng Liming Dai Kostya(Ken)Ostrikov School of Food and Pharmacy Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushanChina School of chemistry and Physics Centre for Materials ScienceCentre for Clean Energy Technologies and PracticesCentre for Waste-Free-WorldQueensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Center for Plasma BiomedicineXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina School of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia School of chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials The University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia School of chemical Engineering Australian Carbon Materials Centre(A-CMC)University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Low-value,renewable,carbon-rich resources,with different biomass feedstocks and their derivatives as typical examples,represent virtually inexhaustive carbon sources and carbon-related energy on *** conversion to higher-value forms(referred to as“up-carbonization”here),these abundant feedstocks provide viable opportunities for energy-rich fuels and sustainable platform chemicals ***,many of the current methods for such up-carbonization still lack sufficient energy,cost,and material efficiency,which affect their economics and carbon-emissions *** external electricity precisely delivered,discharge plasmas enable many stubborn reactions to occur under mild conditions,by creating locally intensified and highly reactive *** technology emerges as a novel,versatile technology platform for integrated or stand-alone conversion of carbon-rich *** plasma-based processes are compatible for integration with increasingly abundant and cost-effective renewable electricity,making the whole conversion carbon-neutral and further paving the plasma-electrified upcarbonization to be performance-,environment-,and *** the chief interest in this emerging area,no review article brings together the state-of-the-art results from diverse disciplines and underlies basic mechanisms and chemistry *** such,this review aims to fill this gap and provide basic guidelines for future research and transformation,by providing an overview of the application of plasma techniques for carbon-rich resource conversion,with particular focus on the perspective of discharge plasmas,the fundamentals of why plasmas are particularly suited for upcarbonization,and featured examples of plasma-enabled resource *** parallels drawn and specificity highlighted,we also discuss the technique shortcomings,current challenges,and research needs for future work.

关键词： carbon-rich resources discharge plasmas low-carbon energy power-to-X process electrification

不同形态有机碳的有效性在两种重金属污染水平下水稻土壤中的差异

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生态学报 2006年第1期26卷 138-145页

作者：李永涛戴军 Thierryecquer cécile Quantin Marc Benedetti patrick Lavelle 华南农业大学资源环境学院广州510642 法国发展与合作研究院热带土壤生态及生物多样性研究中心南巴黎大学地学部皮埃尔玛丽居里大学地球化学与金属实验室

调查分析了两块不同重金属污染水平下的水稻田土壤有机碳活性组分的含量，以评价重金属胁迫条件下有机碳摹质的微生物有效性。结果显示，重污染水稻土的总有机碳（TOc）、0．5mol·-L^-1 K3SO4溶解态有机碳（K2SO4-c）、微生物生物量碳... 详细信息

调查分析了两块不同重金属污染水平下的水稻田土壤有机碳活性组分的含量，以评价重金属胁迫条件下有机碳摹质的微生物有效性。结果显示，重污染水稻土的总有机碳（TOc）、0．5mol·-L^-1 K3SO4溶解态有机碳（K2SO4-c）、微生物生物量碳（MBc）、1～7d（cO2-c1-7d）和8．28d矿化的有机碳（cO2-c8-28d）的含量均显著低于轻污染土壤（P〈0．001）。碳有效性指标中，微生物商（MBc／TOc比）和8-28d的有机碳矿化率（cO2-c8-28d·TOc^-1 d^-1））在轻污染土壤中较高，而K2SO4-c／TOc和代谢商（qcO2）在重污染土壤较高（P〈0．001）。1—7d的有机碳矿化率（cO2-c1-7d·TOc^-1d^-1）在两种土壤中差异不显著。两种土壤培养初期的有机碳矿化率远高于培养后期（P〈0．001）。逐步回归分析显示，cO2-c1-7d与活性组分K2SO4-c和MBc显著相关（r^2=0．83，P〈0．001），而cO2-c8-28d只与TOc显著相关（r^2=0．70，P〈0．001）。研究表明，尽管如SO4溶解态有机碳在供试的重金属污染的水稻土中是较易被分解的活性碳基质，但重金属污染抑制了微生物数量及其呼吸活性，降低了活性有机碳库的矿化率，这是导致土壤中K2SO4溶解态碳积累的原因。溶解性有机碳叉能提高重金属的有效性，进一步抑制微生物对有机碳的矿化。因此，评价重金属污染的水稻土有机碳的有效性，应当综合考虑小同有机碳库的活性、微生物的矿化能力和碳基质在不同阶段的供应潜力。

关键词：有机碳有效性重金属有机碳矿化微生物溶解性碳

Parallel personal measurements of diesel engine exhaust and crystalline silica using dual sampling port

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第3期30卷 313-319页

作者： Alan Fleck caroline couture Virginie cabelguen patrick Eddy Ryan Ross Thuot Guillaume Lachapelle Hugo coulombe Maximilien Debia Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of MontrealMontreal H3T 1A8Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagle MinesToronto M5C 2Y7Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine(IAMGOLD)Preissac J0Y 2E0Canada

Diesel engine exhaust(DEE) and crystalline silica exposures occur simultaneously in the mining industry,and occupational sampling campaigns can be time-and cost-consuming. The authors evaluated a dualport system for simultaneous sampling of DEE and crystalline silica in laboratory and field *** tests evaluated the operation of pumps during 8 h sampling and the intensity of the flow variation for various filter loading conditions and for different modes of operation. Field validation was performed in an underground mine. Pumps operated in constant flow or constant pressure *** in constant flow mode showed that when the flowrate increased on one side of the system, it decreased on the opposite side according to the loading intensity. Tests in constant pressure mode showed that flowrates systematically decreased when using loaded cassettes. However, the higher the backpressure setting, the lower the flow variation was. Flow variations during field tests were generally within the acceptable ±5% range. However, significant flow variations were identified in higher concentrations. A significant negative correlation was found between flowrate variation and total carbon concentration. While the majority of tests support the use of the dual-port for evaluating concomitant exposures, results highlight the possibility of filter overloading as a cause of flowrate changes.

关键词： crystalline silica Diesel engine exhaust Dual-port Mining Monitoring

Functional characterization and RNAi-Mediated Suppression Reveals Roles for Hexose Transporters in Sugar Accumulation by Tomato Fruit

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Molecular Plant 2010年第6期3卷 1049-1063页

作者： David W. Mccurdy Stephen Dibley Ricky cahyanegara Antony Martin John W. patrick School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia

Hexoses accumulate to high concentrations （-200 mM） in storage parenchyma cells of tomato fruit. Hexoses are sourced from the fruit apoplasm as hydrolysis products of phloem-imported sucrose. Three hexose transporters （LeHT1, LeHT2, LeHT3）, expressed in fruit storage parenchyma ceils, may contribute to hexose uptake by these cells. An analysis of their full-length sequences demonstrated that all three transporters belong to the STP subfamily of monosaccharide transporters that localize to plasma membranes. Heterologous expression of LeHT1 （and previously LeHT2, Gear et al., 2000）, but not LeHT3, rescued a hexose transportimpaired yeast mutant when raised on glucose or fructose as the sole carbon source. Biochemically, LeHT1, similarly to LeHT2, exhibited transport properties consistent with a high- affinity glucose/H^＋ symporter. Significantly, LeHT1 and LeHT2 also functioned as low-affinity fructose/H^＋ symporters with apparent Km values commensurate with those of fruit tissues. A substantial reduction （80-90%） in fruit expression levels of all LeHT genes by RNAi-mediated knockdown caused a 55% decrease in fruit hexose accumulation. In contrast, photoassimilate production by source leaves and phloem transport capacity to fruit were unaffected by transporter knockdown. collectively, these findings demonstrate that LeHTs play key roles in driving accumulation of hexoses into storage parenchyma cells during tomato fruit development.

关键词： Fruit hexose transporter sink tomato RNAi.