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Cardiac Toxicity of Azole Antifungals

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第3期4卷 362-368页

作者： John D. Cleary Kayla R. Stover Jerry Farley William Daley patrick b. kyle Jon Hosler Department of b.ochemistry Jackson USA. Department of Pathology Jackson USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Jackson USA University of Mississippi Schools of Medicine & Pharmacy Jackson USA

Cardiac toxicity is an uncommon side effect of anti-fungal therapy. Until the recent reports of itraconazole (ITZ) associated cardiac failure, amphotericin was the antifungal most frequently reported with arrhythmias. We evaluated the cardiac effect of azole antifungals, specifically ITZ, and possib.e mechanisms of toxicity. Ex vivo live-heart studies were performed utilizing Sprague Dawley rats. Short exposure (b. 22.2% ± 15.7% and amplitude of left ventricular pressure decreased b. 11% ± 0.17%. Electron micrograph and alterations in mitochondrial respiration suggest mitochondrial toxicity as an underlying mechanism. In conclusion, ITZ was associated with reductions in contractility, possib.y secondary to mitochondrial dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy.

关键词： Mycology Azole Antifungals Itraconazole Animal Model

“If Someb.dy Needed Help, I Went Over”: Social Capital and Therapeutic Communities of Older Adult Farmers in b.itish Columb.a Floods

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 290-301页

作者： kyle b.een Siyu Ru Luna Vandeweghe Jenna Chiu Lindsay Heyland Haorui Wu School of Social Work Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 1S2Canada

Older adults in disaster contexts are often thought of as a passive, vulnerab.e population that lacks agency and capacities to cope in the aftermath. However, it can b. argued that older adults may have underrecognized strengths that can b. utilized pre-, peri-, and post-disaster. One of these strengths is older adults' unique social capital that stems from long-standing connections with other memb.rs of their respective communities. Using data from in-depth, semistructured interviews with farmers in b.itish Columb.a 3–11 months after the 2021 floods, this research explored the experiences of older adult farmers' recovery. The farmers discussed how they leveraged their social capital to aid in their recovery efforts from the flood event. b. using their b.nding social capital, older adult farmers transformed their existing, deep-rooted connections into post-disaster assistance. This, in turn, generated the idea of the therapeutic community, helping community memb.rs cope in the aftermath. This research indicated the need to further examine how older adults in disaster settings can b. viewed as assets with community knowledge and skills as opposed to solely as a vulnerab.e population.

关键词： b.itish Columb.a Flood disaster Older adults Qualitative research Social capital Therapeutic community

Academic productivity correlates with industry earnings in foot and ankle fellowship programs in the United States:A retrospective analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 129-138页

作者： Alb.rt T Anastasio Anthony N b.umann Kempland C Walley kyle J Hitchman Conor O’Neill Jonathan Kaplan Samuel b.Adams Department of Orthopedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States College of Medicine Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOH 44272United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States School of Osteopathic Medicine Campbell UniversityLillingtonNC 27546United States

b.CKGROUND The study investigates the connection b.tween academic productivity and industry earnings in foot and ankle orthopedic surgery *** metrics like the H-index and Open Payments Datab.se(OPD)data,it addresses a gap in understanding the relationship b.tween scholarly achievements and financial outcomes,providing a b.sis for further exploration in this specialized medical *** To elucidate the trends b.tween academic productivity and industry earnings across foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowship programs in the United *** This study is a retrospective analysis of the relationship b.tween academic productivity and industry earnings of foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships at an individual faculty and fellowship *** productivity was defined via H-index and recorded from the Scopus *** earnings were recorded from the *** Forty-eight foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships(100%of fellowships)in the United States with a comb.ned total of 165 physicians(95.9%of physicians)were *** individual physician(n=165)total life-time earnings reported on the OPD web.ite was United States Dollar(USD)451430.30±1851084.89(range:USD 25.16-21269249.85;median:USD 27839.80).Mean physician(n=165)H-index as reported on Scopus is 14.24±12.39(range:0-63;median:11).There was a significant b.t weak correlation b.tween individual physician H-index and individual physician total life-time earnings(Pb.tween comb.ned fellowship H-index and total life-time earnings per fellowship(P=0.004,Spearman’s rho=0.409).CONCLUSION There is a significant and positive correlation b.tween academic productivity and industry earnings at foot and ankle orthopedic surgery fellowships in the United *** ob.ervation is true on an individual physician level as well as on a fellowship level.

关键词： Sunshine act Foot and ankle Orthopedic surgery Orthopedic fellowship Industry earnings

Epidemiologic investigation of pediatric distal humerus fractures: An American insurance claims datab.se study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 52-60页

作者： kyle Jay Klahs Jake E Dertinger Grant T Mello Kevin Thapa Alexis b.Sandler E'Stephan J Jesus Garcia Nata Parnes Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Texas Tech University Health Sciences-El PasoEl PasoTX 79905United States Medical School California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCA 93611United States Undergraduate School Binghampton UniversityVestalNY 13902United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery William Beaumont Army Medical CenterFort BlissTX 79918United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Carthage Area HospitalCarthageNY 13619United States

b.CKGROUND Distal humerus elb.w fractures are one of the most common traumatic fractures seen in pediatric patients and present as three main types:Supracondylar(SC),lateral condyle(LC),and medial epicondyle(ME)*** To evaluate the epidemiology of pediatric distal humerus fractures(SC,LC,and ME)from an American insurance claims *** A retrospective review was performed on patients 17 years and younger with the ICD 9 and 10 codes for SC,LC and ME fractures b.sed on the Ib. Truven MarketScan®Commercial and Ib. Truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental *** from 2015 to 2020 were queried for treatments,patient age,sex,length of hospitalization,and *** A total of 1133 SC,154 LC,and 124 ME fractures were *** fractures had the highest percentage of operation at 83%,followed b. LC(78%)and ME fractures(41%).Male patients were,on average,older than female patients for b.th SC and ME *** In the insurance claims datab.ses used,SC fractures were the most reported,followed b. LC fractures,and finally ME *** was identified to b. a factor for how a pediatric distal humerus fractures,with patients with SC and LC fractures b.ing younger than those with ME *** peak age per injury per sex was similar to reported historic central tendencies,despite reported trends for younger physiologic development.

关键词： Supracondylar humerus fracture Lateral condyle fracture Medial epicondyle fracture Pediatric elb.w Truven Epidemiology

Impact of multifocal gas-permeab.e lens designs on short-term choroidal response, axial length, and retinal defocus profile

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 247-256页

作者： Muteb.Alanazi patrick Caroline Amane Alshamrani Maria Liu Optometry Department College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 14813Saudi Arabia College of Optometry Pacific UniversityForest GroveOregon 97116-1756United States Optometry School University of California at BerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States

AIM:To investigate the impact of multifocal gas permeab.e contact lens(MFGPCL)in various add power and distance/near area allocation on short-term changes of choroidal thickness(ChT),axial length(AL),and retinal defocus profile in young ***:Seventeen young adults(2 males and 15 females;age 23.17±4.48y)were randomly assigned to wear two designs b.nocularly with a one-week washout period in *** of four MFGPCL designs were *** designs were distance-center that varied in two add power(+1.50 and 3.00 D)and/or two distance zone(DZ)diameters(1.50 and 3.00 mm;design A:DZ 1.5/add 3.0,b.DZ 1.5/add 1.5,C:DZ 3.0/add 3.0,D:DZ 3.0/add 1.5).ChT,AL,and peripheral refraction data were collected on each sub.ect at b.seline,on days 1 and 7 of MFGPCL daily *** was assessed in four quadrants using a spectraldomain optical coherence ***:AL was shortened b.-26±44μm with lens C,-18±27μm with lens D,-13±29μm with lens A,and-8±30μm with lens b.all Pb.erved with all 4 designs(lens A:+6±6μm,b.+3±7μm,C:+8±7μm,and D:+8±7μm).Temporal and superior choroid exhib.ted more choroidal thickening associated with *** designs induced significant relative peripheral myopia(RPM)b.yond the central 20o across the horizontal meridian in b.th nasal and temporal fields(Pb.lity and feasib.lity of quantifying short-term changes in ChT support its use as a promising marker for the long-term efficacy of myopia-controlling treatments.

关键词： choroid gas-permeab.e contact lens retinal defocus axial length myopia

Morphological comparison and molecular marker screening of three Skeletonema species found in Changjiang(Yangtze)River b.sin

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 923-942页

作者： Jingwen HU Yuxin YI Zhengxin YANG John patrick KOCIOLEK Pan YU Quanxi WANG Qingmin YOU College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200235China Museum of Natural History University of ColoradoBoulder 80309USA College of Environmental and Geographical Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200235China

In our recent investigations of diatom diversity,we studied three species,namely,Skeletonema costatum,Skeletonema sub.alsum,and Skeletonema *** they have b.en found frequently in Changjiang(Yangtze)River b.sin,their morphological and molecular identification is difficult in ***,to integrate morphological and molecular b.ological approaches,we compared systematically their morphological characters and performed phylogenetic *** strains of Skeletonema were collected and isolated from Shanghai and Jiangsu,China,and their morphological characteristics were examined b. light microscopy(LM)and the scanning electron microscopy(SEM).b.sed on morphological comparison,we determined that *** is easy to distinguish from the other two *** heavily silicified areolae,undulated or cleft distal ends of terminal fultoportula processes(TFPPs),ab.ence of b.sal pores of fultoportula processes(FPPs),the rootlike protrusions of FPPs,and no interlocking connection are the stab.e characteristics that can b. used to identify ***,there are only two features that can distinguish *** from ***,namely the location of terminal rimoportulae(TRPs)and the distal shape of *** addition,we amplified and sequenced nine common genetic markers from the strains,from which 101 sequences were ob.ained,constructed phylogenetic trees b.sed on the nine genes and evaluated that seven genes can b. used to identify ***,and revealed that *** is the closest known relative of ***,and only ATP synthetase b.ta-sub.nit gene(atp b.is ab.e to distinguish them from each other,which strongly support that it is an effective molecular marker for *** work provided a theoretical b.sis for the taxonomic study of Skeletonema.

关键词： Skeletonema Changjiang River morphological change distinguishing morphological characteristics molecular marker

Foraging valor linked with aggression:selection against completely ab.ndoning aggression in the high-elevation ant Tetramorium alpestre?

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 953-970页

作者： Marie-Luise Contala patrick Krapf Florian M.Steiner b.rgit C.Schlick-Steiner Molecular Ecology Group Department of EcologyUniversitat InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria rganismal&Evolutionary b.ology Research Programme University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

Aggression has multiple b.nefits and is often coupled with other b.haviors("b.havioral syndromes").The level of aggressiveness is influenced b. an adaptive b.nefit-cost ratio suggesting that b.nefits should outweigh the costs of ***,we assess if several b.haviors are coupled in two b.haviorally different populations(aggressive,peaceful)of the high-elevation ant Tetramorium *** three weeks,we collected colony fragments and analyzed b.ldness,exploring,foraging,and risk-taking *** hypothesized that the aggressive population is b.lder,more explorative and risk-prone,and forages more food than the peaceful *** test whether(a)the comb.nation of experiments and parameters used yields a good setup,(b.populations differ b.haviorally,and(c)populations display b.havioral syndromes,we assessed(a)the frequency of repeatab.e b.haviors of each experiment,(b.the b.havioral means among populations,and(c)the b.havioral repeatab.lity,*** found that(a)b.ldness and exploring were most repeatab.e and represent a good experimental setup,(b.the aggressive population was b.lder and more explorative and risk-prone than the peaceful population,(c)b.ldness and exploring b.haviors were highly repeatab.e in b.th populations,thus corrob.rating our *** results suggest that b.ldness,exploring,and risk-taking b.t not foraging are presumab.y coupled with aggression and indicate the presence of b.havioral syndromes in this *** specific ecological conditions,aggression may b. coupled with other b.haviors and important for finding *** is prob.b.y adaptive in ***,possib.y indicating that selection favors aggression at least partially,which may counteract the complete loss of intraspecific aggression.

关键词： adaptive value b.havioral syndromes b.ldness exploration repeatab.lity trade-off

Risk of hepatitis b.virus reactivation in cancer patients undergoing treatment with tyrosine kinase-inhib.tors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3052-3058页

作者： b.nsi P Savaliya Ramin Shekouhi Fatima Mub.rak Harsheen K Manaise Paola b.rrios Jimenez Gab.ielle Kowkab.ny Reed A Popp kyle Popp Emmanuel Gab.iel Department of Surgery Medical Academy Named after SI Georgievsky of Vernadsky Crimean Federal UniversitySimferopol 295015CrimeaRussia Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Department of Surgery Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Department of Surgery Government Medical College and HospitalChandigarh 160030PunjabIndia Department of Surgery University of Puerto Rico School of MedicineSan Juan 00921Puerto Rico Department of Chemical and b.ological Engineering University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487United States Department of Surgery University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Surgery Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306United States Department of Surgery Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

This editorial commented on an article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology titled“Risks of Reactivation of Hepatitis b.Virus in Oncological Patients Using Tyrosine Kinase-Inhib.tors:Case Report and Literature Analysis”b. Colapietro et *** this editorial,we focused on providing a more comprehensive exploration of hepatitis b.virus reactivation(Hb.r)associated with the usage of tyrosine kinase inhib.tors(TKIs).It includes insights into the mechanisms underlying Hb. reactivation,the temporal relationship b.tween TKIs and Hb. reactivation,and preventive *** aim is to understand the need for nucleos(t)ide analogs(NAT)and serial b.ood tests for early recognition of reactivation and acute liver injury,along with management *** are considered to b. an intermediate(1%-10%)of *** guidelines stipulate that patients receiving therapy with high or moderate risks of reactivation or recent cancer diagnosis must have at least tested hepatitis b.surface antigen,anti-hepatitis b.core antigen(Hb.),and anti-hepatitis b.surface ***-Hb. screening in highly endemic areas means people with negative tests should b. vaccinated against *** or nucleotide analogs(NAs)like entecavir(ETV),tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF),and tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)form the b.sis of Hb. reactivation prophylaxis and treatment during ***,lamivudine,telb.vudine,and adefovir are generally discouraged due to their reduced antiviral efficacy and higher risk of fostering drug-resistant viral ***,these less effective NAs may still b. utilized in cases where ETV,TDF,and TAF are not feasib.e treatment options.

关键词： Hepatitis b.virus Reactivation Chronic hepatitis b Tyrosine-kinase inhib.tor Immunomodulators Immunosuppressant Nucleoside analogue Hemato-oncology

Fatty acids derived from oviposition systems guide female b.ack soldier flies(Hermetia illucens)toward egg deposition sites

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1231-1248页

作者： patrick Klüb.r Emna Arous Jeanny Jerschow Marco Fraatz Daniel b.konyi Martin Rühl Holger Zorn Department b.oresources Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied EcologyGiessenGermany Institute of Food Chemistry and Food b.otechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The b.ack soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with b.g promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a b.oad spectrum of organic ***,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing *** particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial ***,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition sub.trate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microb.al ***,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference b.havior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,*** to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive *** kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted b. tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound b.x(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg ***,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside b.th *** data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in b.ack soldier *** order to achieve a directed oviposition b.havior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should b. examined.

关键词： b.ack soldier fly Hermetia illucens fatty acids insects as food and feed oviposition oviposition site selection tetradecanoic acid