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Organic Agriculture： Socioeconomic Sustainability of Brazilian Coffee

Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2013年第1期3卷 20-32页

作者： Rubia Wegner patricia helena nogueira turco Faivia Maria de Mello Bliska Institute of Humanities and Soeial Sciences Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro Seropddica 23890-000 Brazil Department of Decentralization of Development S6o Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of S6oPaulo State Campinas P.O. Box 28 S6o Paulo 13012-970 Brazil Coffee Centre Agronomic Institute S~o Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of S6o Paulo StateCampinas P.O. Box 28 S6o Paulo 13012-970 Brazil

Worldwide, there is a growing demand for products made by technologies that contribute to environmental preservation and to sustainable rural development. In Brazil, organic farming is one of the most established initiatives in this area. Therefore, it is important to subsidize the decision-making regarding policies for organic coffee production. Thereby, this study analyzed the socio-economic sustainability of this production system in relation to conventional. We applied a semi-structured questionnaire on coffee farms in the Brazilian coffee producers states and analyzed the coffee production cost structure. We identified the reasons that led the producers to organic management, implications of certification on the management, and prices received by organic coffee and the market mechanism. Results showed that there is no standard for organic coffee production and marketing in Brazil. Among the producers, there are different levels of access to technical information and the main limitation of the organic coffee chain is not the technology of production, but the difficulty of coffee marketing. Another important limitation, for medium and large farms, is the cost of manpower, mainly in areas dominated by mountain, where machines operations are not viable. Moreover, the yield of organic coffee system is generally lower than the conventional. Furthermore, soil and climatic differences lead to different regional behavior. Finally, we could conclude that the production of organic coffee can be sustainable in Brazil mainly in two structural conditions： 1） family farmers; and 2） small producers, who employ only one or two workers, preferably only in the harvest time.

关键词： Sustainable development coffee crop production costs organic agriculture.

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Impacts of Coffee Production in Agroforestry System for Sustainable Development

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第8期3卷 535-544页

作者： Flavia Maria de Mello Bliska patricia helena nogueira turco Antonio Bliska Jfinior Daniel Carvalho Nepomuceno Agronomic Institute Coffee Centre S6o Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of Sao Paulo StateCampinas Sao Paulo 13012-970 Brazil Department of Decentralization of Development Silo Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Agriculture Secretary of SaoPaulo State Campinas Sao Paulo 13012-970 Brazil Faculty of Agricultural Engineering University of Campinas Av. Cdndido Rondon 501-Bar6o Geraldo Campinas S6o Paulo13083-875 Brazil

This study estimates the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of coffee production in the agroforestry system in the settlements of farmers located in the West of the state of Silo Paulo, Brazil, in the region known as Pontal of Paranapanema, aiming at the development of programs to support the growth of production sustainable coffee and programs to protect the coffee activity before the possible global climate change. The settlements are located in areas with sandy soils and highly degraded by human action Moreover, the region is considered marginal for the production of coffee, because it is subject to periods of high temperatures, prolonged drought and frost risk, which hinders the sustainability of farms. The environmental and socioeconomic impacts of agroforestry are analyzed through Ambitec-agro system, consisting of a set of indicators aimed at ex-post evaluation of the contribution of technological innovation to environmental, social and economic development of an agricultural activity. The system Ambitec involves：（1） general data collection about the technology; （2） application of questionnaires with adopters selected and insertion of data on impact indicators spreadsheets via platform MS-Excel and to obtain quantitative results and impacts partial indexes and aggregates the impact of technology selected; （3） analysis and interpretation of indices obtained, which vary between -15 and 15. The results indicate that agroforestry management can contribute to：（1） maintaining or increasing the sustainability of traditional coffee-growing regions in the case of sudden climate change; （2） the expansion of the coffee regions now considered unsuitable for the cultivation of coffee; （3） for sustainable regional development.

关键词： Climate changes sustainable development regional development coffee production.

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Organic Coffee under Perspective of Energy Efficiency

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第1期4卷 15-20页

作者： patricia helena nogueira turco Osmar de Carvalho Bueno: Maura Seiko Tsutsui Esperancini Flavia Mariade Mello Bliska Department of Decentralization of Development Agriculture Secretary of S6o Paulo State Sao Paulo Agency of AgribusinessTechnology Campinas 13012-970 Sao Paulo Brazil Department of Economics and Rural Sociology Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of Botucatu Universidade Jfilio de MesquitaFilho Paulista State University Rua Josd Barbosa de Barros Botucatu 18603-970 Sao Paulo Brazil Agriculture Secretary of Sao Paulo State Sao Paulo Agency of Agribusiness Technology Coffee Centre Agronomic InstituteCampinas 13012-970 Sao Paulo Brazil

The energy analysis development in this study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of the organic coffee productive system, in particular to assess the independence of this system with respect to the use of industrialized input products. Thus, it provides information about the sustainability of that production system. Technical itineraries used in this study consist of energy expenditure made with coffee cultivation, according to the type, source and form of energy inputs, agricultural machines, equipment and labor force used in that production system. The energy expenditure, converted into energy units, quantified the input energy. And the organic coffee production, measured in kilograms of processed coffee beans, was the output energy. Primary data used in this study were obtained from organic coffee producers in the Southern region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in 2011. Energy balance identified was positive, since the estimated output energy was 626.465 M J/ha and the energy expenditure was 112.998 M J/ha, during the useful life of the crop.

关键词： Energetic balance sustainable production coffee cultivation.

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Laying Egg Production Supplemented with Antioxidants: An Economical View

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第5期10卷 665-670页

作者： Christine Laganá Erika Salgado Politi Braga Saldanha José Roberto Sartori Elisabeth Gonzales Patrícia helena nogueira turco Renato Luis Luciano Greice Zanatta Adelina Azevedo Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios Polo Regional do Leste Paulista and UPD Brotas Secretariat of Agriculture and Supply to the State of S&#227 o Paulo (SAA) Monte Alegre do Sul Brazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics State University of S&#227 o Paulo Botucatu Campus Botucatu Brazil Advanced Center for Poultry Agribusiness Technological Research of the Biological Institute (SAA) Descalvado Brazil

A 112-day experiment was conducted to economically evaluate the production of eggs from commercial layers submitted to diets supplemented with levels of plant extracts (dried turmeric powder) added or not to vitamin E. A total of 432 20-week-old white layers were used, distributed in an entirely randomized design, in a 4 × 3 factor scheme (turmeric extract levels and vitamin E levels), with 6 repetitions of 6 birds per cage. The treatments consisted of four levels of turmeric extract inclusion (0;0.1%;0.2% and 0.3%) and three levels of vitamin E inclusion (0;50 and 100 IU/kg). The results calculated at work were favorable to the activity, and the items that most influenced the expenses in the effective production cost were: poultry, feed and labor, respectively. The best economic response in egg production was obtained by layers that consumed 100 IU/kg vitamin E and 0.2% turmeric;because the leveling point represents that the activity equals the revenues with the costs. The best profitability index was found in treatment that contained 50 IU/kg vitamin E and 0.1% turmeric com (16.78%).

关键词： Plant Extracts Phytogenic Additives Turmeric Vitamin E

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Turmeric on Poultry Production: A Review

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第12期10卷 1592-1601页

作者： Christine Laganá Erika S. P. Braga Saldanha José Roberto Sartori Patrícia helena nogueira turco Elisabeth Gonzales Renato Luis Luciano Greice Zanatta Vitor Barbosa Fascina Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios Polo Regional do Leste Paulista and UPD Brotas Secretariat of Agriculture and Supply to the State of São Paulo (SAA) Monte Alegre do Sul Brazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics Botucatu Campus State University of São Paulo Botucatu Brazil Advanced Center for Poultry Agribusiness Technological Research of the Biological Institute (SAA) Descalvado Brazil

In the commercial poultry chain, a great diversity of production systems is found to meet the needs of the market, since the consumer has become increasingly aware of the importance of the relationship between diet and health, which has encouraged researchers and the food industry to develop products enriched with nutrients capable of producing beneficial effects on health. There has been increasing progress in research aimed at including viable alternative products, such as plant extracts, in poultry diets, which have been shown to have an antimicrobial and antioxidant action and to promote improvements in animal performance. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is a popular medicinal herb, which shows a wide range of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antiangiogenic, antitumor, antivenom, antinflammatory, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antiprotozoal, and antiaging. The use of turmeric in poultry production has been reported by many researchers. The aim of this review is to describe and report the most recent research on the use of turmeric as feed supplement for birds and so its effect on animal health and welfare.

关键词： Plant Extracts Phytogenic Additives Curcumin Poultry Farming

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