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Scatter Radiation Dose Assessment in the Radiolog. Department of Cape Coast Teaching.Hospital-g.ana

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Open Journal of Radiolog. 2018年第4期8卷 299-306页

作者： J. owusu-Banahene E. O. darko D. F. Charles A. Maruf I. Hanan g. Amoako Radiation Protection Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana g.aduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana Legon Atomic Campus Kwabenya-Accra Ghana Department of Physics College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana

During.the operation of an X-ray machine, if the radiation protection of X-ray room is insufficient, not only the patient but also clinical staffs as well as public are exposed to hig. X-ray exposures. In this research work, leakag. and scattered radiations were measured from X-ray machine in the radiolog. department of Cape Coast Teaching.hospital in the Cape Coast Municipality of g.ana. The scattered radiation exposures of X-rays in some selected areas within the facility were measured. The X-ray machine was operated for a rang. of kilo voltag. peaks of kVp 77, 70, 63 and 66 with intensities 20, 6.3 and 8.0 mAs, which represents the main technique factors of some body parts such as chest, lumbar spine and extremities during.radiog.aphic examinations. The measurements were performed using.a RADOS-120 Universal survey meter. The radiation doses rates measured in the various locations in the Radiolog. Department of Cape Coast Teaching.Hospital of g.ana were in the rang. of 0.10 μSv/hr to 0.12 μSv/hr. These values were all within the backg.ound measurement of 0.10 μSv/hr. Moreover, there were no risks of hig. radiation doses to patients, staffs and people visiting.the X-ray department. The results obtained indicated that within the radiolog. department of the Hospital, all the selected locations were very safe to patients, occupational workers and the g.neral public which could be attributed to adequate shielding.in the facility.

关键词： X-Rays Exposure Dose Scattered and Leakag. Radiation

Body Mass Index and Percentag. Body Fat Determination in Cancer Patients

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Open Journal of Radiolog. 2018年第4期8卷 307-317页

作者： J. owusu-Banahene E. O. darko F. Hasford Radiation Protection Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Legon-Accra Ghana g.aduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana Atomic Campus Kwabenya-Accra Ghana Radiolog.cal and Medical Sciences Research Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Legon-Accra Ghana

Body Mass Index (BMI) and Percentag. Body Fat (%BF) values have been determined in cancer patients. In the study, 83 adult cancer patients were assessed of which 15 (18.1%) were males and 68 (81.9%) females. Body weig.t and heig.t of individual patients were used in calculating.their respective BMI values. The respective %BF values were determined taking.into consideration of the ag., g.nder and BMI. Maximum values of BMI (34.71 kg.m2) and %BF (46.37%) were obtained, for which they were females and the minimum values of BMI (12.08 kg.m2) and %BF (12.35%) respectively. The patient with the minimum %BF value was male and that of BMI was female. It was observed from the results that females have hig.er values of both BMI and %BF than their male counterparts. The study reveals hig.er rate of female cancer incidence than males.

关键词： Body Mass Index Percentag. Body Fat Obesity Risk Factor and Metabolic Disorder

First Nationwide Survey on the Resistance to First Line Anti-Tuberculosis Drug. in g.ana

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2018年第1期6卷 68-80页

作者： Kennedy K. Addo Richard owusu Christian Bonsu Kwaku owusu-darko Samuel O. Addo g.oria I. Mensah Mercy J. Newman David Ofori-Adjei Frank A. Bonsu Department of Bacteriolog. Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Microbiolog. School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana National Tuberculosis Control Prog.amme Accra Ghana

Backg.ound/objective: A nationwide survey on the resistance to first line anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drug. was conducted in g.ana from 2007-2008 by Nog.chi Memorial Institute for Medical Research in collaboration with the National Tuberculosis Control Prog.amme. We aimed to characterize mycobacterial species causing.pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and determine the resistance pattern to first line anti-TB drug. among.newly diag.osed and previously treated PTB patients in g.ana. Methods: Two sputum samples from consented new smear positive PTB patients who had never been treated for TB or had been on anti-TB treatment for less than a month and patients who had been treated for TB previously for more than a month in selected diag.ostic centres nationwide were collected for culture, identification and drug.susceptibility test. Culture positive isolates were tested ag.inst streptomycin (S), isoniazid (H), rifampicin (R) and ethambutol (E) using.the simplified proportion method and line probe assay (LPA). The LPA was performed in mid-2017. Results: Among.410 samples, 345 positive cultures were obtained and identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Of the 345 isolates, 133 were further differentiated by g.noType MTBC®.as M. tuberculosis, 126 (94.7%) and M. africanum 7 (5.3%). The overall drug.resistance patterns were as follows: 43/345 (12.5%), 6/345 (1.7%), 9/345 (2.6%) and 71/345 (20.6%) were resistant to H, R, E and S respectively and 5/345 (1.4%) were multi-drug.resistant (MDR). Conclusion: The results indicate hig. levels of resistance to S and H among.new and previously treated TB patients. We recommend adequate surveillance systems including.periodic national anti-TB drug.resistance surveys.

关键词： Tuberculosis National Survey Drug Resistance g.ana

Immunisation Status of Children Born with Orofacial Clefts Who Visited the Komfo Anokye Teaching.Hospital (KATH) Multidisciplinary Cleft Clinic

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Open Journal of Immunolog. 2016年第4期6卷 148-153页

作者： Alexander Oti Acheampong.Alex Ansah owusu Ama Amuasi Philippe Pare Sandra Oyakhilome Baffour g.au-darko g.ikua Plang.-Rhule Peter Donkor Dental School Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana School of Medical Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana KomfoAnokye Teaching.Hospital Kumasi Ghana

Backg.ound: The g.ana Expanded Prog.amme on Immunisation recommends that children receive Bacillus Calmette-g.erin (BCg. and Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) at birth;three doses of Penta vaccine and OPV at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of ag.;and measles vaccine at 9 months of ag.. Aim/Objective: To evaluate the immunisation status of children born with orofacial clefts who visited the KATH multidisciplinary Cleft clinic. Methodolog./Statistics: The study was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional desig.. The methodolog. consisted of in-person interviews of mothers of children born with cleft lip and palate reporting.at KATH Cleft clinic. Interview g.ides were used for mothers who could not read. Mothers who were literate and as such could answer the questions directly were g.ven questionnaires to fill. Result: It was reported that of the 83 children included, 47 (57%) had been fully vaccinated and on time, 24 (29%) had been fully vaccinated but delayed and 12 (14%) had not been vaccinated at all. Children with isolated cleft palate and macrostomia were fully vaccinated on time (77.3% and 100%, respectively) as compared to those with combined cleft lip and palate (43.3%) and isolated cleft lip (50.0%). The majority (77%) of the mothers who either had not vaccinated their children or had delayed in vaccinating.them attributed stig.atisation as the main cause. Most of the mothers (95%) had knowledg. of immunisation. About two-thirds of the mothers (65%) ag.eed that establishing.an immunisation centre at the cleft clinic is the best way to improve immunisation rate among.children with orofacial clefts. Conclusion: The study showed that the percentag. of children with orofacial cleft who visited the KATH Cleft Clinic and were vaccinated on time was above the national averag.. Cleft palates were more vaccinated and on time than cleft lips. According.to the children’s mothers, lack of timely vaccination was mainly due to the stig.a associated with clefts in their societies.

关键词： Cleft Lip Cleft Palate Combined Cleft Lip and Palate Immunisation Vaccination Stig.a

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加纳农业机械化发展潜力及制约因素(摘选)

农业工程 2012年第8期2卷 78-80,23页

作者： Shadrack Kwadwo Amponsah patricia Oteng.darko Francis Kumi 农作物研究所海岸角大学农业工程系

作为政府职能的一部分实现联合国千年计划,即到2015年消除饥饿和极度贫困,为了实现经济可持续增长就需要现代化的农业。就这个问题而言,基于食品安全的必要性,在撒哈拉以南的非洲地区和加纳,发展的重点正逐步转向农业机械化。如果没有... 详细信息

作为政府职能的一部分实现联合国千年计划,即到2015年消除饥饿和极度贫困,为了实现经济可持续增长就需要现代化的农业。就这个问题而言,基于食品安全的必要性,在撒哈拉以南的非洲地区和加纳,发展的重点正逐步转向农业机械化。如果没有行之有效的农业机械化,加纳的食品和农业部门将无法达到预期的经济影响。该文旨在归纳农业机械化的制约因素,提出适合加纳的有效的机械化途径。主要制约机械化的因素包括缺乏熟练的农机操作人员,农场规模小,不适当的政府政策和农机成本高。在认识到机械化对于国家农业发展中的巨大作用后,就需要制定适合的土地所有制政策框架,鼓励联合经营和定制雇佣机械,向农民传授有关投资知识,鼓励标准服务投入。

关键词：农业机械化机械食品安全政府政策

Physiolog.cal Resilience of Bambara g.oundnut (Vig.a subterranea L. Verdc) g.notypes to Intermittent Periods of Droug.t Stress at Different g.owth Stag.s

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Ag.icultural Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1573-1592页

作者： Kennedy Ag.eman Felix Frimpong.patricia Amankwaa-Yeboah Isaac Osei-Bonsu Stephen Yeboah Ag.esi Keteku Paul Marno Mavis Brempong.Brempong.Eric owusu Danquah Asamoah Emmanuel Adjei Michael Odenkey Quaye Joseph Nketiah Berchie CSIR-Crops Research Institute Fumesua-Kumasi Ghana Departnent of Ag.icultural Science Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

Different g.notypes of Bambara g.oundnut (Vig.a subterranea L. Verdc) g.ow well under conducive environmental conditions, provided that adequate soil moisture is available during.veg.tative and reproductive phases. However, droug.t stress is the major limiting.factor to bambara production, which accounts for up to 40% of yield losses. This situation could worsen due to drastic and rapid chang.s in the g.obal climate. Landraces g.own by farmers are low-yielding. Understanding.the physiolog.cal response of different g.notypes to droug.t stress is key to achieving.food security throug. crop improvement and diversification. This study focused on variations in the response of Bambara g.oundnut g.notypes to intermittent droug.t stress during.the crop’s critical g.owth (veg.tative and reproductive) stag.s. The experiment was undertaken at CSIR-Crops Research Institute Screen-house. The treatments were used in a factorial experiment with three replications in a randomized complete block desig.. The Bambara g.notypes showed considerable variability in tolerance to droug.t stress. Droug.t stress during.veg.tative and reproductive stag.s sig.ificantly reduced crop g.owth indices, the leaf relative water content, chlorophyll content and leaf area. Droug.t stress during.veg.tative and reproductive stag.s had a more severe impact on the seed yield of g.notype Nav Red, reducing.it by 69% and 13%, respectively. Farmers should pay more attention to adopting.droug.t-tolerant and hig.-yielding.varieties for improved Bambara g.oundnut productivity and livelihoods.

关键词： Droug.t Stress Bambara g.oundnut g.notypes Seed Yield

Level of Practical Skills in Personnel Dosimetry Monitoring.and the Laboratory Experience with Different Types of TLD Readers

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Eng.neering.and Radiation Oncolog. 2019年第3期8卷 141-150页

作者： H. K. Ag.eman B. J. B. Nyarko S. Osae F. Adeku E. O. darko J. K. Amoako J. owusu-Banahene S. Inkoom B. K. Ag.eman P. Manteaw E. Amoatey g. O. Aseidu P. Appiah B. D. Bekoe D. F. Charles Radiation Protection Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana g.aduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana Atomic Campus Accra Ghana

This study was carried out to analyze individual annual dose records of diag.ostic radiolog. staff at forty-eig.t (48) different medical facilities in urban and rural Reg.on of g.ana for the period of 2011-2015. The monitored dose data were extracted from the Radiation Protection Institute of the g.ana Atomic Energ. Commission’s database called the Dose Manag.ment System (DMS). The doses of these OEWs analyzed, are divided into four subg.oups namely;g.neral radiog.aphers, radiolog.sts, computed tomog.aphy (CT) technolog.sts, fluoroscopy technolog.sts. The dose distribution, collective dose and mean annual dose were determined. A total of 1574 OEWs were monitored comprising.of 56% radiog.aphers, 15% radiolog.st, 21% computed tomog.aphy (CT) technolog.sts and 8% fluoroscopy technolog.sts. The averag. annual effective dose rang.d from 0.36 to 1.70 mSv with radiog.aphers receiving.the larg.st. Fluoroscopy technolog.st recorded the least annual total collective effective dose value of 0.1 person-Sv. The study contributes to the existing.works to promote a more comprehensive personal monitoring.service for OEWs. Continued analysis of occupational doses should be an integ.al component of institutional radiation safety prog.ams in g.ana.

关键词： Doses Radiolog.st Occupationally Expose Workers Dose Manag.ment System and Database

Neurophysiolog. of Philematolog. and Some Infectious Disease

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Advances in Biolog.cal Chemistry 2019年第4期9卷 143-155页

作者： H. K. Ag.eman J. owusu-Banahene B. K. Ag.eman E. O. darko D. Ag.eman C. Afful F. Akuffo K. M. Bonsu S. Inkoom E. T. g.over D. F. Charles Wilheliaina Korletey Radiation Protection Institute Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Accra Ghana g.aduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences Atomic Campus Accra Ghana University of g.ana Legon Ghana

The scientific studying.of kissing.is known as Philematolog.. This orig.nates from the g.eek word PHILOS in the ancient days meaning.earthly. The study of kissing.shows you what kissing.means and its place in various cultures. (Lana Citron 2010, a Compendium of Kisses), and the difference between Simple Kiss versus Passionate kiss. In simple kisses only 2 muscles are involved. While in passionate kisses there may be about 23 - 34 facial muscles and 112 postural muscles involved. What you can tell from even the simplest of kisses. From the book I Love You. Now What? During.kissing. a lot of chemical reactions take place in the brain and the body as a whole. The part of the brain in which these chemicals are secreted is the pituitary g.and, where oxytocin, serotonin and dopamine are secreted. The oxytocin which is also sometimes referred to as the cuddle hormone or the love hormone aids in social bonding. It is produced in the hypothalamus and secreted into the bloodstream by the posterior pituitary g.and. Oxytocin is released when the cells are excited. Oxytocin can also be referred to aid carbetocin, manufactured version, Pitocin, alpha-hypophamine and syntocinon. It is a team player in social behaviour and mother-infant bonding. The serotonin which is also known as a “happy hormone” is an important chemical and a neurotransmitter in the human body serves as a hormonal modulator that is serotonin aids reg.lating.an individual kissing.pattern, sleeping.pattern, ag.ressive pattern, appetite and dig.stion pattern, memory and mood pattern and sexual pattern. Finally, the dopamine which is also known as a “happy hormone” is a monoamine neurotransmitter which belong. to the catecholamine family that is made up of epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine. This dopamine helps an individual to enjoy the act of kissing.

关键词： Oxytocin Serotonin Simple Kiss Passionate Kiss Dopamine