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Participatory forest management in Burkina Faso: Members' perception of performance

Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 637-646页

作者： Pascaline Coulibaly-Lingani Mulualem Tigabu patrice savadogo Per-Christer Oden Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Departement Produc-tions Forestieres 03 BP 7047 0uagadougou 03 Burkina Faso World Agroforestry Centre & International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICRAF-ICRISAT West and Central Africa Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forest Scienc-es Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre P.0.Box 49 SE-230 53 Alnarp Sweden

This study examines variations in the performance of partic-ipatory forest management programs among four forest management groups (FMGs) in southern Burkina Faso, and assesses the factors that influence their members’ perceptions of performance through a house-hold survey of 216 members. Variations in performance scores among the FMGs were analyzed through multivariate analysis of variance while multinomial regression analysis was used to identify factors that influ-ence their perception of the performance. The results reveal significant differences in performance scores among FMGs. Members of some FMGs perceived that the participatory forest management program ena-bled them to get benefits from the sale of fuelwood while performance scores in the forest conservation and decision-making processes is gener-ally poor. The score for economic performance of FMGs in turn was related to better access to roads and markets. Group size tended to en-hance economic performance via its strong influence on annual fuelwood harvest, while the resource base appeared to be inconsequential. Mem-bers of the forest management groups perceived that large group size and group heterogeneity, particularly in terms of ethnicity, as well as knowledge and awareness of problems related to the forest environment have no influence on the performance of their respective groups. For rural communities to have a favorable disposition toward sustainable forest management, differences in member understanding of collective actions and their impact before and during the implementation of partic-ipatory forest management programs should be considered.

关键词： Common-pool resources Collective action Sustainableforest management West Africa

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Relationships between soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation along a disturbance gradient in the W National Park trans-boundary biosphere reserve,West Africa

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第2期10卷 349-363页

作者： patrice savadogo Lassina Sanou SDjibril Dayamba Fidele Bognounou Adjima Thiombiano World Agroforestry Centre and International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics(ICRAF-ICRISAT) West and Central Africa Region-Sahel NodeBP 12404 NiameyNiger Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique INERADépartement Productions Forestières03 BP 7047Ouagadougou 03BurkinaFaso Unitéde Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre/Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales(UFR/SVT) Universitéde Ouagadougou03 BP 7047Ouagadougou 03BurkinaFaso World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF) West and Central Africa Regional Office-Sahel NodeBP E5118 BamakoMali Département des Sciences Biologiques Université´du QuébecàMontréal2080 rue Saint Urbain8888Montréal QC H3C 3P8Canada

Aims Vegetation succession depends on the availability of suitable prop-agules in the soils,thus knowledge of soil seed banks is essential for formulating effective strategies for restoring the vegetation of degraded *** W National Park,the only trans-boundary bio-sphere reserve in West Africa,is being extensively fragmented and degraded in recent *** aims of this study were to assess the reserve’s soil seed banks,their relationships with standing veg-etation and bundle of disturbances and their potential significance for vegetation *** The size and composition of the above-ground species vegetation were assessed in nine plots of 1 ha each representing a range of habitats with differing disturbance severity(low,intermediate and high).A total of 702 soil samples were taken from three layers(0-3,3-6 and 6-9 cm)and soil seed bank was analyzed using the seed-ling emergence *** Findings Generally,seeds of non-woody taxa dominated in samples from all soil depths and habitats of all disturbance *** mean soil seed density was 17.8,24.4 and 26.3 seeds/dm^(3) in samples from the least,intermediate and most disturbed sites,respectively,and highest in the upper soil layers in all *** results indi-cate that there is limited potential for restoring woody vegetation solely from soil seed banks,and that woody species in the region rely more on recently shed seeds trapped in the standing dead biomass and litter on the ground than soil seed banks for ***,human intervention is needed to accelerate forest recovery,mainly through alleviating anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystem(for instance,avoiding destruction of new seeds by intense fire),and site manipulation to improve environmen-tal conditions for seedling establishment and *** ways of restoring forests than through the soil seed bank(*** seeds collected elsewhere,and planting tree seedlings)could also be relevant.

关键词： disturbance savanna-woodland restoration regeneration seed bank vegetation degradation West Africa

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Enrichment planting in a logged-over tropical mixed deciduous forest of Laos

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Journal of Forestry Research 2010年第3期21卷 273-280,395,396页

作者： Sovu Mulualem Tigabu patrice savadogo Per Christer Odén Lamphoune Xayvongsa Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forest Sciences Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre National University of Laos Faculty of Forestry

Enrichment planting is commonly used for increasing the density of desired tree species in secondary forests often characterized by a prevalence of low commercial species. The objectives of the study were to identify the optimal enrichment planting method vis-à-vis gap and line planting, and to evaluate the performance of two dipterocarps （Vatica cinerea and Dipterocarpus alatus） and three legumes （Afzelia xylocarpa, Pterocarpus macrocarpus, Dalbergia cochinchinensis） planted in logged-over mixed deciduous forest of Laos. The enrichment planting trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with seven replica-tions. Survival, height and diameter were measured seven years after planting and subjected to analysis of variance. Survival rate of planted seedlings did not vary between enrichment planting （p 0.05）. However, diameter and height growth was favored more in gaps than in planting lines. This was related to rapid canopy closure in both gaps and lines, albeit more remarkable in planting lines. Significant inter-species varia-tion was detected for survival rate, height and diameter. The shade-tolerant dipterocarps had better survival and growth than the light-demanding leguminous species （p 0.0001）. The size class distribution of individuals was irregular, accentuating uneven light condition in the understory. Given the difficulty to maintain constant line width and even light condi-tion, the cost of annual clean operation and the rigid geometric patterns of planting lines, the use of logged-over gaps for enrichment planting is recommended. Dipterocarpus alatus and V. cinerea are recommended for enrichment planting in mixed deciduous forests. A. xylocarpa, D. cochi-chinensis and P. macrocarpus can be planted in wider gaps, lines and open sites as plantation of mixed species or under canopy of young swidden forests.

关键词： Gap planting Line planting Secondary forest Species trial Tropical forest

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Fire temperature and residence time during dry season burning in a Sudanian savanna-woodland of West Africa with implication for seed germination

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Journal of Forestry Research 2010年第4期21卷 445-450,522,523页

作者： Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba patrice savadogo Didier Zida Louis Sawadogo Daniel Tiveau Per Christer Oden Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forest SciencesSouthern Swedish Forest Research CentreTropical Silviculture and Seed Laboratory PO Box 49 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique INERADépartement Productions Forestières Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique INERADépartement Productions Forestières BP 10 Koudougou Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Regional Office for West Africa 06

Prescribed fire is used in the Sudanian savanna-woodland of West Africa as a forest management tool. An experiment was carried out to assess the effects of season of burning, and different vertical probe positions on maximum fire temperature and temperature residence time above 60℃ which is considered lethal for plant tissues. Seasons of burning considered were： an early season fire set at the beginning of the dry season （beginning of December）, mid-season fire set at the peak of the dry season （mid-January）, and a late season fire at the end of the dry season （end of March）. The effects of these fires on the germination of buried seeds of three socio-economically valuable tree species were also examined. Results indicated significant differences in maximum fire temperature and residence time with respect to season of burning and vertical probe position （p 〈 0.001）. The highest and longest lasting temperatures were observed at 20 cm above ground during early fire and at the soil surface during mid-season and late fires. This, in turn, affected germination responses of seeds buried at different soil depths. Implications of these findings in the current management practices are discussed.

关键词： Burkina Faso fire season regeneration Savanna-woodland tropical ecosystem

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Impact of disturbance from roadworks on Pteleopsis suberosa regeneration in roadside environments in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第4期20卷 355-361,I0007页

作者： Fidèle BOGNOUNOU patrice savadogo Adjima THIOMBIANO Mulualem TIGABU Issaka Joseph BOUSSIM Per Christer ODEN Sita GUINKO Université de Ouagadougou Unité de Formation et Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forest Sciences Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Département Productions Forestières

The seedling population structure of Pteleopsis suberosa and their regeneration mechanisms were investigated in four roadside environments （graded, adjacent, intermediate and ungraded areas） along paved and unpaved roads in West Africa. A total of 203 quadrats of 2 m × 5 m in size were surveyed and placed along transects parallel to the roads. Within each quadrat, the total number of seedlings and the number of living shoots per seedling base were recorded. Regeneration mechanisms were determined by assessing basal and aerial sprouts and excavating the root systems below ground level. The results show that the total seedling density and the densities of single- and multi-stemmed individuals varied significantly （p 〈 0.05） among the four roadside environments. However, all seedlings were produced asexually; root suckers were predominant （98%） compared to water sprout （1%） and coppices （less than 1%）. This study demonstrates that an intermediate level of soil disturbance from grading along paved and unpaved roads may stimulate P. suberosa regeneration by root suck- ering. Road type （paved and unpaved） did not affect seedling density, but was a highly significant variable in relation to the coppicing ability of P. suberosa populations in roadside sites. In conclusion, P. suberosa is a disturbance-tolerant species which can proliferate mainly by root suckering after roadwork disturbance.

关键词： Pteleopsis suberosa roadwork disturbance, seedling, regeneration, root sucker

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Allometric prediction of above-ground biomass of eleven woody tree species in the Sudanian savanna-woodland of West Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2010年第4期21卷 475-481,524页

作者： Louis Sawadogo patrice savadogo Daniel Tiveau Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba Didier Zida Yves Nouvellet Per Christer Oden Sita Guinko Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Département Productions Forestières Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forest SciencesSouthern Swedish Forest Research Centre Ambassade de Suède 93Avenue Roi BaudouinKinshasa-GombeRépublique Démocratique du Congo Consulat Général de France à Pointe Noire (Congo) Valise Diplomatique 128 bis rue de l'Université 75351 Paris 07 SP France Université de Ouagadougou Unité de Formation et Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre

Allometric models are necessary for estimating biomass in terrestrial ecosystems. Generalized allometric relationship exists for many tropical trees, but species- and region-specific models are often lacking. We developed species-specific allometric models to predict aboveground biomass for 11 native tree species of the Sudanian savanna- woodlands. Diameters at the base and at breast height, with species means ranging respectively from 11 to 28 cm and 9 to 19 cm, and the height of the trees were used as predictor variables. Sampled trees spanned a wide range of sizes including the largest sizes these species can reach. As a response variable, the biomass of the trees was obtained through destructive sampling of 4 754 trees during wood harvesting. We used a stepwise multiple regression analysis with backward elimination procedure to develop models separately predicting, total biomass of the trees, stem biomass, and biomass of branches and twigs. All species- specific regression models relating biomass with measured tree dimen- sions were highly significant （p 〈 0.001）. The biomass of branches and twigs was less predictable compared to stem biomass and total biomass, although their models required fewer predictors and predictor interac- tions. The best-fit equations for total above-ground biomass and stem biomass bad R2 〉 0.70, except for the Acacia species; for branches including twig biomass, R2-values varied from 0.749 for Anogeissus leiocarpa to 0.183 for Acacia macrostachya. The use of these equations in estimating available biomass will avoid destructive sampling, and aid in planning for sustainable use of these species.

关键词： allometry above-ground biomass indigenous woody species linear regression site specific equation

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Perspectives in restoration: storage and pretreatments of seeds for better germination of Sudanian savanna-woodland species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 773-778页

作者： S.D.Dayamba P.savadogo S.Diawara L.Sawadogo World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) West and Central Africa Regional Office - Sahel Node World Agroforestry Centre & International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRAF-ICRISAT) West and Central Africa Region-Sahel Node De'partement Productions Forestie`res Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles

Insufficient knowledge of the germination ecology of local species is one of the main constraints to restoration of degraded rural lands. We tested seeds from fourteen Sudanian savanna species targeted for restoration for their response to two different pretreatments（conventional and prolonged acid pretreatments） and two different storage conditions（ambient room conditions and refrigerator at 4 C）. For 6 of the studied species, longer soaking in sulphuric acid significantly improved germination rates and also reduced the germination time of some species. Storage condition, in general did not affect germination rates except for two species where cool storage depressed germination. The practical implication is that, for the species tested, when mature seeds are collected for plantation in the upcoming rainy season, there is no need to invest in infrastructure and energy for storing in cold *** study also revealed that in general when seeds are stored in ambient conditions from the time of collection up to seeding time, although germination rate does not increase, germination time is shortened and this could be of great interest in synchronizing germination in real field conditions.

关键词： germination restoration plantation ambient mature stored ecology degraded shortened longer

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Factors Associated with Prolonged Poor Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients Followed in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2021年第1期11卷 1-26页

作者： Solo Traoré Oumar Guira Lassané Zoungrana Yempabou Sagna Réné Bognounou Constant B. Paré Désiré L. Dabourou Lassina Séré Daniel Zemba Laurette S. Dembélé Patricia D. Somé patrice P. C. savadogo Aline Tondé Tiéno Hervé Joseph Y. Drabo Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph Ki ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Higher Institute of Health Sciences/Nazi Boni University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institute for Research in Health Sciences/National Center for Scientific and Technical Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine Tengandogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Internal Medicine Bogodogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Achieving and maintaining glycemic targets are a challenge for health practitioners around the world. We aimed to study the factors associated with prolonged poor diabetes control in the cohort of T2DM patients monitored and treated in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Yalgado OUEDRAOGO Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou in order to optimize therapeutic education in these patients. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study combining retrospective data collection from the last year of patient follow-up and prospective collection of some information. The study included all diabetic patients, aged at least 18 years old, followed and treated in the Department of Internal Medicine at the Yalgado OUEDRAOGO Teaching Hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018 following a systematic random sampling with a sampling step of 10. The variables collected were sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related characteristics. To determine the risk factors associated with prolonged poor glycemic control, we performed modeling using logistic regression. All variables associated with prolonged poor glycemic control, in bivariate logistic regression with a p-value less than 0.20 were included in the full model. Later, we used a stepwise descending method to obtain the final model, which was then tested by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The significance threshold was set at 5%. Raw and fitted Odds-Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were presented. Results: 270 patients were included. Prolonged poor control of diabetes mellitus was observed in 73.70%. The mean age was 55.97 years (SD: ±11.52) and the sex ratio was 0.6 in favor of female. The mean time since diabetes mellitus diagnoses was 5.85 years (SD: ±5.15). A monthly ga

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prolonged Poor Control Prevalence Associated Factors Burkina Faso

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