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Epidemiology of the outbreak,vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mali:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第10期9卷 963-968页

作者： Abdoulaye Kassoum Kone Doumbo Safiatou Niare Mahamadou Ali Thera Kassoum Kayentao Abdoulaye Djimde pascal delaunay Bourema Kouriba pascal del Giudice Arezki Izri Pierre Marty Ogobara K Doumbo Malaria Research and Training Center Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases/Faculty of Medicineand Dentistry/ UMI-3189/University of ScienceTechnique and Technology of BamakoBP 1805BamakoMali Inserm U1065 Centre Mediterraneen de Medecine MoleculaireC3MUniversite de Nice-Sophia Antipolis151route St Antoine de GinestiereBP2319406204 Nice CedexFrance AND Parasitologie-MycologieHopital de l'ArchetCentre Hospitalier Universitaier de NiceFrance Unit of Infectious et Tropical Diseases Hospital Bonnet 83700 FrejusFrance Parasitology-Mycology Hospital AvicenneParis 13 UniversityUMR 190Aix-Marseille UniversityFrance

Objective: To compile available data and to estimate the burden, characteristics and risks factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) in Mali. Methods: Articles in English and French were searched in Hinari, Google scholar and PubM ed. Unpublished studies were identified by searching in ***. Terms used were Cutaneous leishmaniasis Mali; Leishmaniasis Mali, Leishmania major Mali; or Phlebotomus Mali or Sergentomyia Mali. We select descriptive studies on CL and sandflies in Mali. Data were extracted and checked by the author, then analyzed by region, by study population and type of biological tests, meta-analysis approach with STATA software was used. Results: Nineteen published(n=19) and three unpublished were included. CL epidemiology was characterized by occurrence of clinical cases in different areas of Mali, outbreaks restricted to known areas of transmission and isolated cases diagnosed in travelers. In endemic areas, population at risk are young age persons, farmers, ranchers, housewives, teachers and military personnel. The annual incidence ranged from 290 to 580 cases of CL. Leishmania major is the main species encountered throughout the country(North Savanna, Sahel and Sub-Saharan areas), and Phlebotomus duboscqi has been identified as the vector and Sergentomyia(Spelaeomyia)darlingi as possible vector. The overall estimated prevalence of positive LST(Leishmanin Skin Test) was 22.1%. The overall frequency of CL disease among suspected cases was 40.3%. Conclusions: Although descriptive, hospital-based and cross-sectional studies are robust enough to determine the extent of CL in Mali; future well-designed eco-epidemiological studies at a nationwide scale are needed to fully characterize CL epidemiology and risk factors in Mali.

关键词： Epidemiology Leishmaniasis Cutaneous Risk Factors Vectors Reservoirs Mali

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Substrate topography as a powerful tool to modify glial cell biology and interactions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1390-1391页

作者： pascal Achenbach Haktan Altinova Gary A.Brook Institute of Neuropathology RWTH Aachen University Hospital Department of Neurosurgery RWTH Aachen University Hospital Aachen Germany Berlin State Office for Health and Social Affairs(LAGeSo) BerlinGermany

Traumatic injuries to the central nervous system(CNS) result in disruption of the intricate network of axons which connect functionally related neurons that are widely distributed throughout the brain and spinal *** normal conditions,maintenance of this complex system is structurally and functionally supported by astrocytes (ACs)and other glial cells,the processes of which form a framework surrounding neuronal cell bodies,dendrites,axons,and synapses.

关键词： injuries topography system

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Useful zero friction simulations for assessing MBS codes pascal’s formula giving wheelsets frequency for zero wheel-rail friction

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2022年第3期12卷 145-155页

作者： Jean Pierre pascal pascal Coding Rue d’ErquyPleneuf-Val-Andre F-22370France

Present study provides a simple analytical formula,the“Klingel-like formula”or“pascal’s Formula”that can be used as a reference to test some results of existing railway codes and specifically those using rigid *** develops properly the 3D Newton-Euler equations governing the 6 degrees of freedom(DoF)of unsuspended loaded wheelsets in case of zero wheel-rail friction and constant ***,by solving numerically these equations,we got pendulum like harmonic oscillations of which the calculated angular frequency is used for assessing the accuracy of the proposed formula so that it can in turn be used as a fast practical target for testing multi-body system(MBS)railway *** to the harmonic property of these pendulum-like oscillations,the squareω2 of their angular frequency can be made in the form of a ratio K/M where K depends on the wheelset geometry and load and M on its *** on K and M are useful to understand wheelsets *** analytical formula is derived from the first order writing of full trigonometric Newton-Euler equations by setting zero elastic wheel-rail penetration and by assuming small *** trigonometric equations are numerically solved to assess that the formula providesω2 inside a 1%accuracy for usual wheelsets *** decreasing the conicity down to 1×10^(−4) rad,the relative formula accuracy is under 3×10^(−5).In order to test the formula reliability for rigid contact formulations,the stiffness of elastic contacts can be increased up to practical rigidity(Hertz stiffness×1000).

关键词： Unsuspended wheelsets Klingel formula Rigid contact Harmonic oscillation Multi body system railway codes Code validation

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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt Damien D.Pearse W.Dalton Dietrich Allan D.Levi James D.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

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On the Mechanization of Straightedge and Compass Constructions

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2019年第1期32卷 124-149页

作者： SCHRECK pascal Université de Strasbourg UFR de Mathématique et Informatique-ICube

The geometric constructions obtained with only straightedge and compass are famous and play a special role in the development of geometry. On the one hand, the constructibility of ?gures is a key ingredient in Euclid geometry and, on the other hand, unconstructibility gave birth to famous open problems of the ancient Greece which were unlocked only in the nineteenth century using discoveries in algebra. This paper discusses the mechanization of straightedge and compass constructions. It focuses on the algebraic approaches and presents two methods which are implemented; one is due to Lebesgue and the other one was jointly designed by Gao and Chou. Some links between the algebraic approach of constructions and synthetic geometry are described.

关键词： Geometric knowledge-based systems regular chains straightedge and compass constructibility triangle problems Wu's method

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GRADIENT FLOW FINITE ELEMENT DISCRETISATIONS WITH ENERGY-BASED ADAPTIVITY FOR EXCITED STATES OF SCHRÖDINGER'S EQUATION

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2023年第5期41卷 933-955页

作者： pascal Heid Mathematical Institute University of OxfordWoodstock RoadOxford OX26GGUK

The purpose of this paper is to verify that the computational scheme from[Heid et al.,Gradient flow finite element discretizations with energy-based adaptivity for the Gross–Pitaevskii equation,***.436(2021)]for the numerical approximation of the ground state of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation can equally be applied for the effective approximation of excited states of Schr¨odinger’s *** procedure employs an adaptive interplay of a Sobolev gradient flow iteration and a novel local mesh refinement strategy,and yields a guaranteed energy decay in each step of the *** computational tests in the present work highlight that this strategy is indeed able to approximate excited states,with(almost)optimal convergence rate with respect to the number of degrees of freedom.

关键词： Schrodinger’s equation Excited states Gradient flows Adaptive finite element methods

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SUSY searches at ATLAS

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第3期8卷 248-256页

作者： pascal Pralavoriot CPPM University Aix-Marseille and CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France

Despite the absence of experimental evidence, weak scale supersymmetry remains one of the best motivated and studied Standard Model extensions. The ATLAS experiment at the LHC searches for signs of supersymmetry in a large variety of signatures involving events with abnormal production of missing transverse momentum, jets, leptons, third generation fermions, gauge bosons or massive long-lived particles. A summary of the most recent results obtained in these searches is presented.

关键词： supersymmetry (SUSY) ATLAS LHC

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Fluid dynamic modeling of junctions in internal combustion engine inlet and exhaust systems

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第5期19卷 410-418页

作者： David Chalet pascal Chesse Internal Combustion Engine Team Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics-UMR CNRS 6598 Ecole Centrale de NantesBP 92101 44321 NantesFrance

The modeling of inlet and exhaust systems of internal combustion engine is very important in order to evaluate the engine *** paper presents new pressure losses models which can be included in a one dimensional engine simulation *** a first part,a CFD analysis is made in order to show the importance of the density in the modeling ***,the CFD code is used,as a numerical test bench,for the pressure losses models *** coefficients depend on the geometrical characteristics of the junction and an experimental validation is made with the use of a shock tube test *** the models are then included in the engine simulation code of the *** numerical calculation of unsteady compressible flow,in each pipe of the inlet and exhaust systems,is made and the calculated engine torque is compared with experimental measurements.

关键词： compressible flow gas dynamics pressure wave propagation discharge coefficient internal combustion engine CFD simulation

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Media-specific rate allocation in heterogeneous wireless networks

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第5期7卷 713-726页

作者： JURCA Dan FROSSARD pascal Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Signal Processing Institute Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland

We address the problem of joint path selection and rate allocation in multipath wireless streaming, in order to optimize a media specific quality of service. We leverage on the existence of multiple parallel wireless services, in order to enhance the received video quality at a wireless client. An optimization problem is proposed, aimed at minimizing a video distortion metric based on sequence-dependent parameters, and transmission channel characteristics, for a given wireless network infrastructure. Even if joint optimal path selection and rate allocation is in general an NP complete problem, an in-depth analysis of the media distortion evolution allows defining a low complexity optimal streaming strategy, under reasonable network assumptions. In particular, we show that a greedy allocation of rates along paths with increasing error probability leads to an optimal solution. We argue that a network path should not be chosen for transmission, unless all other available paths with lower error probability have been chosen. Moreover, the chosen paths should be used at their maximum end-to-end bandwidth. These results are demonstrated for both independent network paths, and non-disjoint channel segments, in generic network topologies. Simulation results showed that the optimal rate allocation carefully trades off total encoding/transmission rate, with the end-to-end transmission error probability and the number of chosen paths. In many cases, the optimal rate allocation provides more than 20% improvement in received video quality, compared to heuristic-based algorithms.

关键词： Multipath streaming, Path selection, Rate allocation, Video streaming

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Discrete element method simulation of segregation pattern in a sinter cooler charging chute system

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Particuology 2021年第6期19卷 34-42页

作者： Edouard Izard Maxime Moreau pascal Ravier Arcelor Mittal Global RfyD Voie RomaineBP3032057283 Maizieres-les-Metz CedexFrance Arcelor Mittal Mediterranee 13776 Fos-sur-MerFrance

This paper presents the simulation of material flows in the large-scale charging chute of Fos-Sur-Mer sinter cooler plant by using three-dimensional Discrete Element Method(DEM).As a result of granular flows in the chute,segregation patterns are formed at the charging *** sinter material is modelled as dry particles and their size distribution in the simulation is larger than in the reality to keep the simulation in a reasonable run *** calibration tests are performed to specify the DEM contact parameters in order to replicate the behavior observed during experiments with the virtual sinter *** DEM model is found to be in good agreement with a segregation measurement.A sensitivity analysis using different particle sizes shows that the segregation patterns are not affected by the different sizes used for fine ***,the filling ratio in the charging system is varied in the model and shows that a high filling ratio leads to less segregation when exiting the charging *** DEM model is used to analyze the granular flows in the charging chute,understand the material behavior and optimize the sinter cooling efficiency.

关键词： Discrete element method Segregation Sinter Industrial application

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