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Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2011年第1期2卷 22-28页

作者： parviz KOOHAFKAN Mary Jane dela CRUZ 联合国粮食及农业组织

Worldwide specific agricultural systems and landscapes have been created, shaped and maintained by generations of farmers and herders based on diverse natural resources using locally adapted management practices. Building on local knowledge and experience these ingenious agricultural systems reflect the evolution of humankind, the diversity of its knowledge and its profound relationship with nature. These systems have resulted not only in outstanding landscapes maintenance and adaptation of globally significant agricultural biodiversity indigenous knowledge systems and resilient ecosystems, but above all, in the sustained provision of multiple goods and services, food and livelihood security and quality of life. However, many of these systems are facing severe threats from various sources including globalization. In 2002 FAO initiated an international partnership initiative：＂conservation and adaptive management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS）＂. The global GIAHS initiative aims to establish the basis for the international recognition, dynamic conservation and sustainable management of such systems, agricultural biodiversity and their associated biodiversity knowledge systems, food and livelihood security, landscapes and cultures.

关键词： Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) dynamic conservation agricultural biodiversity indigenous knowledge FAO/UN

Evaluation of Sediment Transport in the Naiband Gulf Area Using Mike21

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Open Journal of Geology 2017年第2期7卷 182-192页

作者： parviz Soltani Mehdi Behdarvandi Askar Hossein Bahrami Sadegh Haghighi Pour Coastal Engineering Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology Khorramshahr Iran Department of Offshore Structures Faculty of Marine Engineering Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology Khorramshahr Iran Department of Civil Engineering Khuzestan University Jihad Higher Education Center Khuzestan Iran

Naiband Gulf is part of Naiband National Park known as Iran’s first marine national park. It is Iran’s most important habitats in the northern Persian Gulf due to mangrove forests, coral community, and community of marine animals. The study examines the sediment transport in the Naiband Gulf and around it, where to achieve this. First, the required data including coastline information, sediment profile, and bathymetry information and waves are obtained. Then by Mike21, 2011 Version models, it was attempted to simulate waves and currents due to it in the coastal zone to determine the rate and direction of sediment transport in the Naiband Gulf area. The results obtained in this study indicate that the majority of sediment transport directions on both sides of the gulf have been internal. The existence of structures in the north and south of the Gulf has reduced alongshore sediment flows and sedimentation, especially in the south of the gulf that is a serious threat to corals.

关键词： Naiband Gulf Mike21 Software Sediment Transport Ecosystem

Developing a Computer Program for Detailed Study of Planing Hull＇s Spray Based on Morabito＇s Approach

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014年第4期13卷 402-415页

作者： parviz Ghadimi Sasan Tavakoli Abbas Dashtimanesh Arya Pirooz Department of Marine Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875-4413 Iran Faculty of Engineering Persian Gulf University Bushehr *** Iran International Branch Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875-4413 Iran

Recently, Morabito(2010) has studied the water spray phenomena in planing hulls and presented new analytical equations. However, these equations have not been used for detailed parametric studies of water spray around planing hulls. In this paper, a straight forward analysis is conducted to apply these analytical equations for finding the spray geometry profile by developing a computer program based on presented computational process. The obtained results of the developed computer program are compared against existing data in the literature and favorable accuracy is achieved. Parametric studies have been conducted for different physical parameters. Positions of spray apex are computed and three dimensional profiles of spray are examined. It is concluded that spray height increases by an increase in the speed coefficient or the deadrise angle. Ultimately, a computational process is added to Savitsky's method and variations of spray apex are computed for different velocities. It is shown that vertical, lateral, and longitudinal positions of spray increase as the craft speed increases. On the other hand, two new angles are defined in top view and it is concluded that they have direct relation with the trim angle. However, they show inverse relation with the deadrise angle.

关键词： spray prismatic planing hull mathematical modeling water spray parametric study

Numerical Investigation of Transmission of Low Frequency Sound Through a Smooth Air-water Interface

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2015年第3期14卷 334-342页

作者： parviz Ghadimi Ahreza Bolghasi Mohammad A. Feizi Chekab Rahim Zamanian Department of Marine Technology Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875-4413 Iran International Campus-Mechanical Engineering Group Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran 15875-4413 Iran

It is the traditional belief that sound transmission from water to the air is very weak due to a large contrast between air and water impedances. Recently, the enhanced sound transmission and anomalous transparency of air-water interface have been introduced. Anomalous transparency of air-water interface states that the sound generated by a submerged shallow depth monopole point source localized at depths less than 1/10 sound wavelength, can be transmitted into the air with omni-directional pattern. The generated sound has 35 times higher power compared to the classical ray theory prediction. In this paper, sound transmission through air-water interface for a localized underwater shallow depth source is examined. To accomplish this, two-phase coupled Helmholtz wave equations in two-phase media of air-water are solved by the commercial finite element based COMSOL Multiphysics software. Ratios of pressure amplitudes of different sound sources in two different underwater and air coordinates are computed and analyzed against non-dimensional ratio of the source depth （D） to the sound wavelength （λ）. The obtained results are compared with the experimental data and good agreement is displayed.

关键词： enhanced sound transmission anomalous transparency air-water interface shallow depth source sound transmission Helmholtz wave equations

Estimation of the Carbon Dioxide Formation in Heat-Power Complex of the Central Asia and Prospective of Development of Hydrogen Power Engineering

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2013年第2期2卷 61-67页

作者： Inom Normatov Naim Narzulloev parviz Normatov Abulqosim Muminov Georgy Petrov Department of Physics Faculty Tajik National University Dushanbe 734025 Tajikistan Faculty of information technology of the named after acad. M. Osimi Tajik Technical University Dushanbe 734042 Tajikistan Hydropower Department of lnstitute of Water problems Hydropower and Ecology AS Tajikistan Dushanbe 734002 Tajikistan

In structure of manufacture of PFER （primary fuel and energy resources） in Central Asia region the leading place occupies now organic fuel. Thus about half of total amount of power resources it is necessary on the natural gas which basic stocks are concentrated in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. More than 95% of all electric power in Tajikistan is developed by hydroelectric power stations. Use of hydrogen as energy carrier allows to consider and solve power problems in close connection with ecological. At a large factory electrolysis of water with capacity of 450 t/day and more expenses of the electric power on 1 m3 hydrogen can be finished by capacity up to 4.0-4.5 kWt.h. At such expense of the electric power in a number of power situations electrolysis of water, even in modem conditions can become a competitive method of obtaining of hydrogen.

关键词： Central Asia region electrolysis hydrogen hydropower station.

Aphrodisiac Activity of Aqueous Extract of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i>Pollen in Male Rats

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2013年第1期3卷 28-34页

作者： Ali Abedi Mohsen parviz Seyed Morteza Karimian Hamid Reza Sadeghipour Rodsari Physiology Department Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Aim of study: Ancient literature alluded to the use of a number of plants/preparations as sex enhancer. One of such botanicals is Phoenix dactylifera in which the pollen grain has been acclaimed to be used as an aphrodisiac. However, the validity has not been scientifically tested. Dopamine is known to facilitate male sexual function. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera pollen on the sexual behavior of male rats and to measure of serum Estradiol and Testostrone. Also, dopamine transmission in the nucleus accumbence (NAc) was studied in male rats using in vivo microdialysis. Methods and Materials: sixty male rats were randomized into 6 groups (A-F). Group A received 0.2 ml of Normal Saline mixed with Dimethyl Sulphate (DMSO), while groups B-F were injected same volume containing 35 mg/kg, 70 mg/kg, 105 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg and 350 mg/kg of DPP extract, respectively. Sexual behavioral parameters including mounting, intromission and ejaculation frequencies and latencies were recorded in male rats one hour after injection of extract by mating with a receptive female (1:1). The male serum testosterone and estradiol concentrations were also determined. Results: All doses stimulated male sexual behavior. Extract significantly increased mount, ejaculation, intromission frequencies and ejaculation latency in comparison to controlled ones (p 0.001). Mount and intromission latencies significantly reduced (p 0.001). Maximum effect was observed in dose 140 mg/kg. This extract was found to enhance Testestrone, Estradiol and the orientation of males toward female ones by increasing mounting and ano-genital investigatory behavior. Conclusions: Data from this study identified that the aqueous extract of Phoenix dactylifera pollen grain enhanced sexual behaviour in male rats. The improved sexual appetitive behaviour in male rats may be attributed, to the alkaloids, saponins, and or flavonoids since these phytochemic

关键词： Aphrodisiac Activity Microdialysis Dopamine Testostrone Estradiol Male Rat Phoenix dactylifera Pollen Grain Pre-Ejaculation Sexual Behavior

Prophylactic Effect of Oral Clonidine and Tramadol in Postoperative Shivering in Lower Abdominal Surgery

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2016年第9期6卷 137-147页

作者： Ebrahim Alijanpour Nadia Banihashem parviz Amri Maleh Hoda Majd Mohammad-Ali Ropani The Clinical Research Development Unite of Rouhani Hospital Associate of Anesthesiology Department Babol University of Medical Science Babol Iran Research Committee Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran

Background and Objectives: Several drugs and methods are used to reduce postoperative shivering, the most common complications occurring after surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the oral Clonidine and Tramadol premedication in reducing postoperative shivering after spinal anesthesia. Materials and Methods: In this study, patients aged 20 - 60 years, based on the American Society of Anesthesia functional class I (Anesthesiologists grade-1), were included in controlled double-blind clinical trials. Each was a candidate of a hydrocele, varicocele, and inguinal hernia under spinal anesthesia. The patients were assigned to three groups and 1 h prior to surgery, group A received 0.2 mg of Clonidine, group B received 50 mg of a Tramadol tablet, and group C received a placebo. We collected information on the severity of shivering, pain intensity levels (VAS score), duration of analgesia, and the patients’ hemodynamic condition at base time of 5, 15, and 30 min and 1, 2, 4, and 6 h postoperatively. Results: The incidence of shivering was significantly lower in the Clonidine group than that in the other groups. Analgesia duration was significantly longer in the Clonidine group than that in the control group. In this study, side effects in different groups were not significantly different from each other. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that the oral administration of Clonidine can be effective in preventing the side effects and shivering after spinal anesthesia.

关键词： Shivering Spinal Anesthesia Clonidine Tramadol

Effect of Aqueous Extract of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i>Pollen on Dopamine System of Nucleus Accumbens in Male Rats

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2014年第1期5卷 49-59页

作者： Ali Abedi Seyyed Morteza Karimian Mohsen parviz Perham Mohammadi Hamid Reza Sadeghipour Roudsari Pharmacology Department School of Pharmacy Ar-dabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran Physiology Department Faculty of Medicine Ardabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran Physiology Department Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Background: Dopamine has been known to facilitate male sexual function. Methods: The effect of aqueous extract (140 mg/kg) of Phoenix dactylifera date palm pollen on sexual behavior and determining of dopamine transmission in the nucleus accumbens was studied in male rats using in vivo microdialysis. Results: Releasing of dopamine increased significantly in the nucleus accumbens when a receptive female was introduced behind a screen (p 0.001). During copulation, dopamine increased markedly in control and treated rats. Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm Pollen enhanced the orientation of males towards females by increasing mounting and ano-genital investigatory behavior. Improving of sexual behavior and dopamine release was higher in treated rats in comparison with control (p 0.001). Conclusion: These results indicate a neurochemical basis for interaction between dopaminergic agents and male sexual behavior. Therefore, Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm Pollen seems to act as a dopamine agonist and to cure male infertility. It can be used as an aphrodisiac that leads to further increases in dopamine release.

关键词： Phoenix dactylifera Date Palm Pollen Dopamine Nucleus Accumbens Microdialysis Male Rat

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感应电动机传动系统的损耗最小控制

国外电气自动化 1992年第2期13卷 30-36页

作者： parviz Famouri 杨

本文提出了一种实用方法，它使逆变器供电的感应电动机传动系统在任一特定的转矩－速度负载点运行时，都在最大效率点，介绍了用于改造商品化的六脉波逆变器，使感应电动机运行损耗最小的微机自适应控制器的设计及经济运行，以图示形式... 详细信息

本文提出了一种实用方法，它使逆变器供电的感应电动机传动系统在任一特定的转矩－速度负载点运行时，都在最大效率点，介绍了用于改造商品化的六脉波逆变器，使感应电动机运行损耗最小的微机自适应控制器的设计及经济运行，以图示形式说明实验结果。并给出了10hp标准效率感应电动机采用最小损耗控制与恒V／f控制时传动系统的效率比较，对于非线性转矩－速度特性负载的场合（例如风机和泵负载＿，有最大的节能潜力。

关键词：损耗最小控制逆变器传动节能感应电动机传动系统