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Global parameter estimation of the Cochlodinium polykrikoides model using bioassay data

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第2期35卷 39-45页

作者： CHO Hong-Yeon park kwang-soon KIM Sung Coastal and Environmental Engineering Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Coastal Disaster Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Biological Oceanography and Marine Biology Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology

Cochlodinium polykrikoides is a notoriously harmful algal species that inflicts severe damage on the aquacultures of the coastal seas of Korea and Japan. Information on their expected movement tracks and boundaries of influence is very useful and important for the effective establishment of a reduction plan. In general, the information is supported by a red-tide（a.k.a algal bloom） model. The performance of the model is highly dependent on the accuracy of parameters, which are the coefficients of functions approximating the biological growth and loss patterns of the C. polykrikoides. These parameters have been estimated using the bioassay data composed of growth-limiting factor and net growth rate value pairs. In the case of the C. polykrikoides, the parameters are different from each other in accordance with the used data because the bioassay data are sufficient compared to the other algal species. The parameters estimated by one specific dataset can be viewed as locally-optimized because they are adjusted only by that dataset. In cases where the other one data set is used, the estimation error might be considerable. In this study, the parameters are estimated by all available data sets without the use of only one specific data set and thus can be considered globally optimized. The cost function for the optimization is defined as the integrated mean squared estimation error, i.e., the difference between the values of the experimental and estimated rates. Based on quantitative error analysis, the root-mean squared errors of the global parameters show smaller values, approximately 25%–50%, than the values of the local parameters. In addition, bias is removed completely in the case of the globally estimated parameters. The parameter sets can be used as the reference default values of a red-tide model because they are optimal and representative. However, additional tuning of the parameters using the in-situ monitoring data is highly *** opposed to the bioassay d

关键词： global and local estimation gain and loss parameters Cochlodinium polykrikoides bioassay data model performance

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Down-scaled regional ocean modeling system (ROMS) for high-resolution coastal hydrodynamics in Korea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第9期32卷 50-61页

作者： LIM Hak-Soo KIM Chang S park kwang-soon SHIM Jae Seol CHUN Insik Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Konkuk University

A down-scaled operational oceanographic system is developed for the coastal waters of Korea using a re- gional ocean modeling system （ROMS）. The operational oceanographic modeling system consists of at- mospheric and hydrodynamic models. The hydrodynamic model, ROMS, is coupled with wave, sediment transport, and water quality modules. The system forecasts the predicted results twice a day on a 72 h basis, including sea surface elevation, currents, temperature, salinity, storm surge height, and wave information for the coastal waters of Korea. The predicted results are exported to the web-GIS-based coastal informa- tion system for real-time dissemination to the public and validation with real-time monitoring data using visualization technologies. The ROMS is two-way coupled with a simulating waves nearshore model, SWAN, for the hydrodynamics and waves, nested with the meteorological model, WRE for the atmospheric surface forcing, and externally nested with the eutrophication model, CE-QUAL-ICM, for the water quality. The op- erational model, ROMS, was calibrated with the tidal surface observed with a tide-gage and verified with current data observed by bottom-mounted ADCP or AWAC near the coastal waters of Korea. To validate the predicted results, we used real-time monitoring data derived from remote buoy system, HF-radar, and geostationary ocean color imager （GOCI）. This down-scaled operational coastal forecasting system will be used as a part of the Korea operational oceanographic system （KOOS） with other operational oceanographic systems.

关键词： down-scaled operational oceanographic system regional ocean modeling system wave coupledmodel real-time monitoring system

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Development of a skill assessment tool for the Korea operational oceanographic system

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第9期32卷 74-81页

作者： CHO Kyoung-Ho CHOI Jin-Yong JEONG Sang-Hun CHOI Jung-Woon KWON Jae-Il park kwang-soon Coastal Disaster Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology

A standard skill assessment （SA） tool was developed and implemented to evaluate the performance of op- erational forecast models in the Korea operational oceanographic system. The SA tool provided a robust way to assess model skill in the system by comparing predictions and observations, and involved the com- putation of multiple skill metrics including correlation and error skills. User- and system-based acceptance criteria of skill metrics were applied to determine whether predictions were acceptable for the system. To achieve this, the tool produced a time series comparison plot, a skill score table, and an advanced sum- marized diagram to effectively demonstrate the multiple skill scores. Moreover, the SA was conducted to evaluate both atmospheric and hydrodynamic forecast variables. For the atmospheric variables, acceptable error criteria were preferable to acceptable correlation criteria over short timescales, since the mean square error overwhelmed the observation variance. Conversely, for the hydrodynamic variables, acceptable root mean square percentage error （e.g., perms） criteria were preferable to acceptable error （e.g., erms） criteria owing to the spatially variable tidal intensity around the Korean Peninsula. Furthermore, the SA indicated that predetermined acceptance error criteria were appropriate to satisfy a target central frequency （fc） for which errors fell within the specified limits （i.e., the .fc equals 70%）.

关键词： skill assessment tool operational forecast system Korea operational oceanographic system

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Simulation of the extreme waves generated by typhoon Bolaven (1215) in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第12期34卷 19-28页

作者： JUN Ki Cheon JEONG Weon Mu CHOI Jin Yong park kwang soon JUNG Kyung Tae KIM Mee Kyung CHAE Jang Won QIAO Fangli Coastal Disaster Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Coastal & Environmental Engineering Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Marine Radionuclide Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration

Record-breaking high waves occurred during the passage of the typhoon Bolaven（1215）（TYB） in the East China Sea（ECS） and Yellow Sea（YS） although its intensity did not reach the level of a super *** and directional wave measurements were made using a range of in-situ instruments mounted on an ocean tower and *** order to understand how such high waves with long duration occurred,analyses have been made through measurement and numerical *** winds were generated using the TC96 typhoon wind model with the best track data calibrated with the *** then the wind fields were blended with the reanalyzed synoptic-scale wind fields for a wave *** fields were simulated using WAM4.5 with adjustment of C_d for gust of winds and bottom friction for the study *** the accuracy of simulations is considerably enhanced,and the computed results are also in better agreement with measured data than *** is found that the extremely high waves evolved as a result of the superposition of distant large swells and high wind seas generated by strong winds from the front/right quadrant of the typhoon *** the typhoon moved at a speed a little slower than the dominant wave group velocity in a consistent direction for two days,the wave growth was significantly enhanced by strong wind input in an extended fetch and non-linear interaction.

关键词： extreme waves typhoon measurements numerical simulation East China Sea

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Assimilating OSTIA SST into regional modeling systems for the Yellow Sea using ensemble methods

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第3期36卷 37-51页

作者： JI Xuanliang KWON Kyung Man CHOI Byoung-Ju LIU Guimei park kwang-soon WANG Hui BYUN Do-Seong LI Yun JI Qiyan ZHU Xueming National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center State Oceanic AdminstrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterState Oceanic AdminstrationBeijing 100081China Department of Oceanography Kunsan National UniversityGunsan 54150Republic of Korea Department of Oceanography Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Ansan 15627Republic of Korea Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency Busan 49111Republic of Korea Marine Acoustics and Remote Sensing Laboratory Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316000China

The effects of sea surface temperature（SST） data assimilation in two regional ocean modeling systems were examined for the Yellow Sea（YS）. The SST data from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis（OSTIA） were assimilated. The National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center（NMEFC） modeling system uses the ensemble optimal interpolation method for ocean data assimilation and the Kunsan National University（KNU） modeling system uses the ensemble Kalman filter. Without data assimilation, the NMEFC modeling system was better in simulating the subsurface temperature while the KNU modeling system was better in simulating SST. The disparity between both modeling systems might be related to differences in calculating the surface heat flux, horizontal grid spacing, and atmospheric forcing data. The data assimilation reduced the root mean square error（RMSE） of the SST from 1.78°C（1.46°C） to 1.30°C（1.21°C） for the NMEFC（KNU） modeling system when the simulated temperature was compared to Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature（OISST） SST dataset. A comparison with the buoy SST data indicated a 41%（31%） decrease in the SST error for the NMEFC（KNU） modeling system by the data assimilation. In both data assimilative systems, the RMSE of the temperature was less than 1.5°C in the upper 20 m and approximately 3.1°C in the lower layer in October. In contrast, it was less than 1.0°C throughout the water column in February. This study suggests that assimilations of the observed temperature profiles are necessary in order to correct the lower layer temperature during the stratified season and an ocean modeling system with small grid spacing and optimal data assimilation method is preferable to ensure accurate predictions of the coastal ocean in the YS.

关键词： ensemble optimal interpolation ensemble Kalman filter SST Yellow Sea assimilation

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Wave prediction in a port using a fully nonlinear Boussinesq wave model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第7期38卷 36-47页

作者： Young-kwang Choi Seung-Nam Seo Jin-Yong Choi Fengyan Shi kwang-soon park Civil and Architectural Engineering Department KEPCO Engineering and ConstructionGimcheon-si 39660Republic of Korea Task Force for Construction of RV ISABU Support Facility Korea Institute of Ocean Science and TechnologyBusan Metropolitan City 49111Republic of Korea Operational Oceanography Research Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and TechnologyBusan Metropolitan City 49111Republic of Korea Center for Applied Coastal Research University of DelawareNewark DE 19716USA

A wave forecasting system using FUNWAVE-TVD which is based on the fully nonlinear Boussinesq equations by Chen(2006)was developed to provide an accurate wave prediction in the Port of Busan,South *** system is linked to the Korea Operational Oceanographic System(KOOS)developed by park et al.(2015).The computational domain covers a region of 9.6 km×7.0 km with a grid size of 2 m in both directions,which is sufficient to resolve short waves and dominant sea *** total number of grid points exceeds 16 millions,making the model computational *** provide real-time forecasting,an interpolation method,which is based on pre-calculated results of FUNWAVE-TVD and SWAN forecasting results at the FUNWAVE-TVD offshore boundary,was used.A total of 45 cases were pre-calculated,which took 71 days on 924 computational cores of a Linux cluster *** wave generation and propagation from the deep water were computed using the SWAN in *** results provided a boundary condition for the FUNWAVE-TVD forecasting *** verify the model,wave observations were conducted at three locations inside the port in a time period of more than 7 months.A model/model comparison between FUNWAVE-TVD and SWAN was also carried *** is found that,FUNWAVE-TVD improves the forecasting results significantly compared to SWAN which underestimates wave heights in sheltered areas due to incorrect physical mechanism of wave diffraction,as well as large wave heights caused by wave reflections inside the port.

关键词： real-time wave forecasting FUNWAVE-TVD SWAN KOOS wave observations wave diffraction

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Effects of intravenous administration of polysaccharide purified from fermented barley on tumor metastasis inhibition via immunostimulating activities

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Food Bioscience 2022年第5期49卷 130-138页

作者： Seung-U Son Han Wool Kim Min Seung park kwang-soon Shin Department of Food Science and Biotechnology Kyonggi UniversitySuwon16227Republic of Korea Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health System Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life ScienceGraduate SchoolKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea

The present study was aimed that determine the effects of polysaccharide isolated from fermented barley about tumor metastasis inhibition via immune related factors such as complementary system,macrophages,natural killer(NK)cells,and cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL).To characterize the tumor inhibition effects through immunostimulation of polysaccharides purified from fermented barley,the active crude polysaccharide(BF-CP)was isolated from fermented barley and further fractionated into three purified polysaccharides(BF-I,-II,and-III)with different molecular weights through gel permeation ***-I was mainly composed of four monosaccharides,including xylose(32.90%),arabinose(26.71%),and glucose(33.43%).BF-I augmented the secretion of cytokines,such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-12,and tumor necrosis factor-α,through peritoneal macrophages and potently activated the complement *** the experiment for NK cells and CTL activities,intravenous(i.v.)administration of BF-I significantly augmented the cytotoxicity of NK cells and CTL-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor *** addition,*** of BF-I potently inhibited tumor metastasis in a mouse model of lung cancer and tumor metastasis in mice with suppressed NK cell function through anti-asialo ***,BF-I shows potent tumor inhibition effects,and these effects are related to various immune factors such as macrophages,the complement system,NK cells,and ***,BF-I,the polysaccharide purified from fermented barley possess the new possibility for developing functional foods and medical ingredients.

关键词： Fermented barley Polysaccharide Immune system Anti-cancer

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Designing a Biomimetic Ornithopter Capable of Sustained and Controlled Flight

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第1期5卷 39-47页

作者： Joon Hyuk park kwang-Joon Yoon Department of Aerospace Information System and Artificial Muscle Research Center Konkuk University Seoul 143-701 Korea

We describe the design of four ornithopters ranging in wing span from 10 cm to 40 cm, and in weight from 5 g to 45 g. The controllability and power supply are two major considerations, so we compare the efficiency and characteristics between different types of subsystems such as gearbox and tail shape. Our current omithopter is radio-controlled with inbuilt visual sensing and capable of takeoff and landing. We also concentrate on its wing efficiency based on design inspired by a real insect wing and consider that aspects of insect flight such as delayed stall and wake capture are essential at such small size. Most importantly, the advance ratio, controlled either by enlarging the wing beat amplitude or raising the wing beat frequency, is the most significant factor in an ornithopter which mimics an insect.

关键词： biomimetic ornithopter flapping wing unsteady state low Reynolds number

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Artificial Nanoscale Erythrocytes from Clinically Relevant Compounds for Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第7期12卷 156-174页

作者： Wenquan Ou Kang Sik Nam Dae Hoon park Jungho Hwang Sae kwang Ku Chul soon Yong Jong Oh Kim Jeong Hoon Byeon College of Pharmacy Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 38541Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany UniversityGyeongsan 38610Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 38541Republic of Korea

Because of enhanced e cacy and lower side e ects,cancer immunotherapies have recently been extensively investigated in clinical trials to overcome the limitations of conventional cancer *** engineering attempts have been made to build nanosystems even including stimulus nanomaterials for the e cient delivery of antigens,adjuvants,or anticancer drugs to improve immunogenic cancer cell death,this requires huge R&D e orts and investment for clinically relevant findings to be approved for translation of the *** this end,in this study,an air–liquid two-phase electrospray was developed for stable bubble pressing under a balance between mechanical and electrical parameters of the spray to continuously produce biomimetic nanosystems consisting of only clinically relevant compounds[paclitaxel-loaded fake blood cell Eudragit particle(Eu-FBCP/PTX)]to provide a conceptual leap for the timely development of translatable chemo-immunotherapeutic *** was pursued as the e cacy of systems for delivering anticancer agents that has been mainly influenced by nanosystem shape because of its relevance to transporting behavior to organs,blood circulation,and cell–membrane *** resulting Eu-FBCP/PTX nanosystems exhibiting phagocytic and micropinocytic uptake behaviors can confer better e cacy in chemo-immunotherapeutics in the absence and presence of anti-PD-L1 antibodies than similar sized PTX-loaded spherical Eu particles(Eu-s/PTX).

关键词： Cancer immunotherapies Air–liquid two-phase electrospray Paclitaxel-loaded fake blood cell Eudragit particle Translatable chemo-immunotherapeutic nanosystems Anti-PD-L1 antibodies

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Microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus as renewable biomass feedstock for electricity generation in microbial fuel cells （MFCs）

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014年第5期8卷 784-791页

作者： Sanath KONDAVEETI kwang soon CHO Ramesh KAKARLA Booki MIN Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi-do 446-701 Republic of Korea

Renewable algae biomass, Scenedesmus obliquus, was used as substrate for generating electricity in two chamber microbial fuel cells （MFCs）. From polarization test, maximum power density with pretreated algal biomass was 102mW·m^2 （951mW·m^3） at current generation of 276mA·m^-2. The individual electrode potential as a function of current generation suggested that anodic oxidation process of algae substrate had limitation for high current generation in MFC. Total chemical oxygen demand （TCOD） reduction of 74% was obtained when initial TCOD concentration was 534mg · L^-1 for 150 h of operation. The main organic compounds of algae oriented biomass were lactate and acetate, which were mainly used for electricity generation. Other byproducts such as propionate and butyrate were formed at a negligible amount. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy （EIS） analysis pinpointed the charge transfer resistance （112Ω ） of anode electrode, and the exchange current density of anode electrode was 1214 nA·cm^-2.

关键词： microbial fuel cell (MFC) algae bioelectricity substrate volatile fatty acid biomass COD removalefficiency

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