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Cardiac Echography in Pediatrics at the Regional Hospital of Diourbel: Indication and Result

World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第9期13卷 556-564页

作者： Aliou Mar Coundoul Abdou Aziz Faye Khadim Bop Amadou Lamine Fall papa Moctar Faye Ndeye Fatou Boye Ndeye Tenning Faye Ousmane ndiaye Pediatric Service Cheikh Ahmadoul Khadim National Hospital Center of Touba Diourbel Diourbel Senegal Albert Royer National Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Henrich Lû ckbe Center Diourbel Senegal

Childhood heart disease is a real public health problem. In our contexts, care remains a major challenge. Doppler echocardiography remains the essential examination for diagnosis. The objective of our study was to describe the different clinical indications for cardiac ultrasound in children and the main pediatric heart diseases at the Diourbel Heinrich Lübke Regional Hospital. This was a descriptive and analytical retrospective study spanning from 2020 to 2022;covering a series of 140 cases. The study was carried out using patient clinical observation sheets and consultation sheets. We identified 140 ultrasounds. The average age of patients was 35.96 months with extremes of 0.03 months and 192 months. The female sex was predominant, with an M/F sex ratio of 0.72. Ultrasound was systematically requested in 67.14% of the study population. The indications found were mainly: heart murmur, polymalformative syndrome, respiratory failure, bronchiolitis, cardiomegaly, suspicion of heart disease, cardiomegaly, pre-therapeutic and pre-operative assessment. A total of 71 cardiac abnormalities were found in 65 patients, i.e. a prevalence of 46.42%. Congenital heart disease was more frequent (found in 49 patients, a prevalence of 35%) and was dominated by the CIA. There was a female predominance in almost all heart diseases except in the case of endocarditis where codominance is found. Our study has made it possible, through echocardiography, to evaluate the indications for echocardiography in children, to determine the prevalence of heart disease in children and also to assess the relevance of requests for echocardiography.

关键词： Echocardiography Pediatrics Indications Diourbel

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Quantitative Study on Individual Representations in Senegalese Patients Living with HIV (PLHIV)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 23-36页

作者： Racky Wade-Kane Momar Camara El Hadji Makhtar Ba Idrissa Ba Sokhna Seck Abou Sy Ibrahima ndiaye Oumar Mamadou Samba Ndéye Dialé ndiaye Ndongo papa Lamine Faye Aida Sylla Mamadou Habib Thiam Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology National University Hospital Center of Fann Dakar Senegal Center for the Integrated Support of Addictions in Dakar (CEPIAD) National University Hospital Center of Fann Dakar Senegal

Context: HIV infection is an infectious, viral, chronic disease described as a public health problem. It has an impact on bio-psycho-social well-being. Thus, the objective of our study is to decrypt the representations of HIV infection in our patients. Methodology: 31 consecutively recruited HIV-infected patients participated in our study. The completed questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, association membership, psycho-social aspects of HIV infection, mode of transmission and adherence to antiretroviral treatment. Secondly, we proceeded to an assessment of the psychological state of the patient. Results: Almost 77% of HIV patients do not date peers in an association. At the time of the study, more than half of patients or 19/31 with HIV had a positive image of the disease. Before the diagnosis of the disease, more than 2/3 of patients with HIV, i.e. 25/31, have a negative image of the disease. The 31 PLHIV have been aware of their positive HIV status for an average of 11 years with extremes of 2 years and 21 years. Almost 21/31 of PLHIV have shared their positive serological status. The main barrier in patient communication was the risk of disclosure of HIV status. Most of the patients (45.2%) thought of death when they announced their positive HIV status, and 19.4% thought of their children. In 80.6% of cases, relationships with family, friends and neighbors were normal and remained unchanged for 74% of patients. The patients thought they had been infected through sexual intercourse in 84% of cases. Our study showed that 6 of the 31 PLHIV experienced stigma. Among these 6 patients, 3 had psychological repercussions and a voluntary interruption of treatment. Conclusion: The representations are dynamic. In Senegal, the eradication of discrimination among people living with HIV must imperatively involve a reconstruction of individual, collective and social representation

关键词： HIV Representations Stigma Senegal

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Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in One-Eyed Patients: Therapeutic and Prognostic Challenges

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2023年第1期13卷 64-72页

作者： El Hadji Malick Sy Aïssatou Aw Aly Mbara Ka Jean Pierre Diagne Hawo Madina Diallo Audrey Samra Soda Mbaye papa Amadou ndiaye Ophtalmology Department of Abass NDAO Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: Retinal detachment is a major ophthalmologic emergency. The rhegmatogenous form is the most common and its management is exclusively surgical as soon as possible. This urgency becomes major and absolute when it occurs in a particular monocular vision. Purpose: To analyze the clinical forms of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), the results and the complications of their management in monophthalmic patients. Methodology: This was a retrospective and analytical study from June 2007 to December 2019. We included all patients who received a consultation for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. All patients were seen by at least two posterior segment specialists and all were operated on by the same surgeon. Results: 57 files (57 eyes) were collected with an average age of 44.71 years and a sex ratio of 7.14. The average consultation time is 40.80 days. Patients complained of decreased visual acuity in 96.49% of cases. We had myopia in 49.12% of cases and 91.23% of patients were phakic. Retinal holes were found in 31.58% of our patients and giant tears in 17.54%. The mean retinal detachment extension was 2.52 quadrants and the macula was raised in 32 cases. The average time taken to take charge was 10 days. Detachment surgery was performed in 42 patients with 100% anatomical recovery. Conclusion: Retinal detachment in one-eyed patient is a major ophthalmic emergency. Its management must not suffer from any delay. Post-operative outcomes are relatively similar between the internal and external pathways. In one-eyed patient, silicone can be left alone in the absence of complications.

关键词： Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment One-Eyed Patient Intraocular Surgery Episcleral Surgery Post-Operative Results Complications

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Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Factors in Patients Living with HIV Followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA) of Fann National University Hospital in Dakar

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Health 2017年第4期9卷 727-737页

作者： Ndeye Fatou Ngom Gueye Daye Ka alioune Badara Tall Kine ndiaye Abdoul Aziz ndiaye Viviane Marie Pierre Cisse Aissata Guindo Ndeye Méry Dia Badiane Sylvie Audrey Diop Noel Magloire Manga Cheikh Tidiane Ndour Moussa Seydi Ambulatory Treatment Center Fann University Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Infectious Diseases Fann University Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Community Health Alioune Diop University Bambey Senegal

Introduction: The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV (PLHIV) has been associated with an important increase in metabolic disorders, such as hypertension (HTA). This work allowed us to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in PLHIV and to describe associated factors. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was carried out based on the records of people living with HIV followed at the Ambulatory Treatment Center (CTA), from January 1st 1998 to 31st, December 2014. The WHO criteria were used to diagnose hypertension. Data entry was performed using ESOPE software and data analysis was done using Epi Info software version 3.5.3. A multiple logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with hypertension. Results: During the study period, 3624 patients followed at CTA were included of which 1184 patients (32.7%) had hypertension. The average age was 47. 3 years ±10.5 years, with a sex ratio of 0.7. The most common opportunistic infections at diagnosis were tuberculosis (14.9%) and oral candidiasis (15.3%). The HIV infection was advanced (stage 3 or 4 of WHO classification) for 39% of cases. Overweight and obesity was found in 19.1%. Only 17.6% were treated by protease inhibitors. Higher average age (OR:1,05;IC [1.04 - 1.05], p = 0.000001), higher average BMI (OR:5,3;IC [3.3 - 8.5], p = 0.00001), WHO clinical stage I-II (OR:1,4;IC [1.2 - 1.6], p = 0.00003), and ARV treatment (OR:2,5;IC [1.7 - 3.7], p = 0.000001) are associated with the occurrence of hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was high among PLHIV and associated factors were: advanced age, high BMI, WHO clinical stages I and II and antiretroviral therapy. Hence, the interest of a systematic screening of hypertension and others cardiovascular risk factors particularly in patients under ARV antiretroviral therapy.

关键词： Hypertension (HTA) HIV Infection Senegal

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Family Planning Knowledge and Practices among Reproductive Age Women in Widou Thiengoly, Louga Region, Senegal

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2018年第1期6卷 1-11页

作者： Abdoul Aziz ndiaye Niang Aminata Tall alioune Badara Diop-BA Awa Ngom-Gueye Ndeye Fatou Dia Mountaga Bop Martial Coly Gaye Awa Gueye Lamine Tal-Dia Anta Department of Community Health University of Bambey Bambey Senegal Department Public Health University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Family planning is an effective intervention to improve the health of the mother, newborn and child. It was introduced in Senegal in the 1960s. Significant disparities were noted between urban and rural areas. This research aimed at measuring family planning methods knowledge and practices among reproductive age women (RAW) in the village of Widou Thiengoly, Louga region, Senegal. A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was carried out from 12 to 20 August 2016 and involved 150 RAW with an average age of 29.34 years. They were mostly married (98%), with a fertility rate of 3.22 children/woman. 67.3% of RAW knew at least one FP method and the contraceptive prevalence was 40.7%. Birth spacing is the main reason or utilization for more than half of users, while for non-users, more than half were ignorant of FP. Knowledge and practices of contraception were not related to the age of WCA, or the number of children. Fears or experiences of side effects were barriers to initiation and continuous use of FP methods, hence the importance of focusing awareness campaigns on alleviating fears about side effects.

关键词： Knowledge Practices Family Planning Widou Thiengoly-Senegal

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Predictive Significance of IL-17A Serum Levels during Chemotherapy in Senegalese Women with Cervical Cancer

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Open Journal of Immunology 2019年第4期9卷 37-47页

作者： Folly Mawulolo Gaba Babacar Mbengue Maimouna Diop Doudou Diouf Sidy Ka Doudou Georges Massar Niang Ramatoulaye ndiaye Ibrahima Mounkeila Seydou Jean Pascal Demba Diop Moustapha Mbow Rokhaya ndiaye Diallo Maguette Sylla Niang Mbacké Sembene Ahmadou Dem alioune Dieye Service d’Immunologie Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) de Dakar Dakar Sénégal Service de Cancérologie Institut Juliot Curie Hopital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Sénégal Service de Génétique Humaine Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontologie UCAD Dakar Sénégal Département de Biologie Animale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques UCAD Dakar Sénégal

Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in female populations. It is a virally induced carcinoma resulting from sexually transmitted high risk Human Papillomavirus infections (e.g. HPV-16, HPV-18). Previous studies have shown associations between IL-17A levels in cancer micro-environments and metastasis of tumor cells. In Africa, chemotherapy (CT) is the standard first-line treatment for cervical cancer and the prognosis remains poor for metastatic and recurrent cases. The impact of CT as a treatment option is still unclear. We investigated the prognostic relevance of IL-17A profiles in Cervical cancer patients (CP) patients treated with cisplatin in combination with 5-fluouracil (5FU) for three cycles. Methods: The study included 57 CP and 59 women with no history of malignancy as healthy controls (HC). IL-17A plasma levels were evaluated by ELISA. For each CP, three blood samples were collected at three-week intervals before initiation of the chemotherapy protocol. Results: Before chemotherapy CP showed higher serum levels of IL-17A compared to HCs (p = 0.035). No relation was detected between age and IL-17A levels. We observed a significant increase in serum IL-17A during treatment of the CP group (p Conclusion: Our results suggest that high serum levels of IL-17A are associated with poor responses to classical chemotherapy. However, considering these results to design CC biomarkers, we need further investigations particularly about the relevant prognostic indicator following chemotherapy.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Chemotherapy Interleukin 17A

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Brain Metastases: Epidemiological, Clinical, Diagnosis, Treatment and Outcome Features in Dakar

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2019年第4期9卷 410-418页

作者： alioune Badara Thiam Maguette Mbaye Mbaye Thioub Rel Gerald Boukaka Kala El Hadji Cheikh ndiaye Sy Mohameth Faye Kafia Doualeh Ali Momar Codé Ba Seydou Boubakar Badiane Neurosurgery Department Fann Teaching Hospital Dakar Senegal

Brain metastases (BM) are the most frequent brain cancer. There are few studies on BM in Senegal. The aim of this study was to describe epidemiological, clinical, diagnosis, treatment and outcome features of patients diagnosed with BM. We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study of patients diagnosed with brain tumors and regularly followed at the neurosurgery department of the “Fann Teaching Hospital (CHNU-Fann)” of Dakar (Senegal) between from January 2010 to December 2017. The medical records of all the patients with evidence histologically diagnosed with BM were reviewed. In our study, 682 medical records of patients with brain tumors were reviewed, and only 20 showed histological evidence of BM (2.9%). The mean age was 45.45 years. The sex-ratio was 0.43. Brain CT scan was performed in all the patients (100%) and brain MRI in 3 patients. The brain lesions were multiple in 70% of the patients and single in 30%. The histological type of BM was adenocarcinoma (55%) and squamous cell carcinoma (45%). Five types of primary cancers were found: lung cancer (50%), breast cancer (30%), colorectal cancer (10%), melanoma (5%) and one undetermined cancer. All the patients had extirpation surgery;50% of the patients died 7 days after the surgery;25% had a survival of 3 months after the surgery and 25% of the patients were lost of sight. Conclusion: The improvement of the screening and diagnosis tests, and the use of the radiation treatment and chemotherapy could allow early management and decrease the death’s frequency of the patients with BM in Senegal.

关键词： Brain Metastases Surgical Extirpation Dakar

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Peripheral Blood Cytokines Levels in Senegalese Women with Cervical Cancer during Chemotherapy

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Open Journal of Immunology 2022年第4期12卷 86-97页

作者： Diop Maimouna Folly Mawulolo Gaba Doudou Georges Massar Niang Doudou Diouf Sidy Ka Moustapha Mbow Rokhaya ndiaye Diallo Maguette Sylla Niang Mbacké Sembene Ahmadou Dem Babacar Mbengue alioune Dieye Immunology Unit FMPOS University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Joliot Curie Institute Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Unit of Human Genetics FMPOS University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Department of biology FST University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths of women in developing world. Several studies demonstrated evidences of inflammatory cytokines implication in cancer progression including in initiation, promotion and invasion by affecting the immune surveillance. Our aim was to measure blood circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines levels, their profiles according to treatment issue and relation with prognostic factors in cervical cancer during chemotherapy. Blood samples were collected from a cohort of 35 cervical cancer women and 42 women healthy controls (HC) with no history of malignancy. For each CP, three samples were taken at three-week intervals. The first one (S1) was taken before initiation of the chemotherapy protocol. S2 and S3 were samples collected respectively at day 21 and day 42. Cytokines levels were evaluated by ELISA. Mean age of patients was 54.1 year (35 - 77 yo). In groups, no relation was observed between age and cytokines levels. Before chemotherapy, high levels of IL-6, IL-4 and IFN-γ were observed in CP compared to HC (p 0.001) and at the same period, IL-10 and TNF-α levels were significantly low in CP (p 0.05) and negatively correlated (r = —0.79;p = 0.017). In this CP group, IL-4 levels were positively correlated between S1 and S2 (r = 0.72;p = 0.002) and between S1 and S3 (r = 0.74;p = 0.019). Similar correlations were observed for TNF-α levels: S1/S2 (r = 0.54;p = 0.027), S2/S3 (r = 0.82;p = 0.009) and S1/S3 (r = 0.66;p = 0.036) with a significant increase of TNF-α in blood during treatment. Depending on chemotherapy’s efficacy, CP patients were separated into 1) non responders (NR), 2) partial responders (PR) and 3) good responders (GR). Compared to PR and GR groups, NR patients showed: a) higher serum levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ during the follow-up and b) lower serum levels of IL-4 and TNF-α. In addition, serum levels of IL-4 were significantly higher in GR patients however TNF-α was the predominant cytokines in PR

关键词： Cervical Cancer Chemotherapy Cytokines Biomarkers

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Indications and Results of Repair of the Rhumatismal Valve in Children in Senegal concerning 63 Cases

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2020年第5期10卷 51-58页

作者： Momar Sokhna Diop papa Amath Diagne Ndeye Fatou Sow papa Salmane Ba Magaye Gaye Pape Ousmane Ba Souleymane Diatta Moussa Seck Diop Mareme Soda Mbaye Pape Adama Dieng Amadou Gabriel Ciss Assane ndiaye Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Sénégal

In Africa, acute rheumatic fever is endemic. Cardiac involvement is one of the most common complications in the form of valvular heart disease representing all damages to the heart valves. It is in this perspective that we realized this study whose general objective was to evaluate the results of mitral repair surgery in children in Senegal and the specific objective was to state the indications for mitral repair surgery and assess the results in terms of morbidity and mortality. This is a retrospective and analytical monocentric study, in the thoracic and cardiovascular surgery department of FANN National University Hospital Center in Dakar. It took place over a period of 30 months. All the patients who underwent mitral surgery, aged less than 18 years were included. The total number of patients was 63, including 39 girls and 24 boys, a sex ratio of 0.62. The average age at the time of the surgery was 12 years old [5 - 17]. The functional symptomatology was dominated by the dyspnea found in all the patients. Cardiac ultrasound was diagnosed with mitral regurgitation in all patients. For all surgical procedures, the approach was a vertical midline sternotomy. The mitral valve was approached by left atriotomy in 40 patients (63.5%) and by transseptal way in 23 patients. All patients had undergone mitral valve repair associated or not with either aortic valve repair in 9 patients (14.2%), aortic valve replacement in 3 patients (4.8%), or one tricuspid valve repair in 31 patients (49%). The average duration of intubation was 6 hours [2 - 52]. The average length of stay in intensive care was 2 days. Postoperative complications have been observed. Surgery was performed in 10 patients with 3 mitral valve replacements, 2 aortic valve replacements, a double mitral and an aortic valve replacement associated with a tricuspid repair and in 4 cases a perfection of their mitral repair. Early and late surgical mortality was zero. The average follow-up time for our patients was 9

关键词： Mitral Valve Repair Acute Rheumatic Fever Senegal

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Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment on Senegalese Black Population

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2023年第3期13卷 327-332页

作者： Aïssatou Aw El Hadji Malick Sy Aly Mbara Ka Jean Pierre Diagne Soda Mbaye Alassane Ba Hawo Madina Diallo Audrey Samra papa Amadou ndiaye Ophthalmology Department of Abass NDAO Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: We retrospectively included files of pediatric patients (aged 0 to 15 years), clinically diagnosed with rhematogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between January 2015 and June 2019. The ophthalmological examination was as complete as the age of the patients allowed and a pediatric examination was systematically performed in all children. The data has been processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: 16 eyes of 11 patients were included. The hospital frequency of RRD was 3.37%, with a sex ratio of 1.75 and a mean age of 11.9 years. The average consultation time was 2 months. Contusive eye trauma was reported in 31.25% and myopia in 18.75%. The visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 20/400. The RRD was total in 81.25% and retinal lesions were found in 43.75%, including 25% atrophic holes and tears with lattice degeneration, 12.5% temporal retinal dialysis and one giant tear. Stage B of Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in 18.75% and stage C in 56.25%. Scleral buckling was performed in 37.5% and 23G pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil in 18.75%. The mean duration of follow-up was 24.6 months with anatomical success in 77.7% correlated with functional recovery in 55.5%. The RRD was persistent in one case and a recurrent RRD under silicone was observed in one eye. Two children underwent cataract surgery secondary to vitrectomy, and one case of ocular hypertonia under silicone was noted. Conclusion: Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a severe disease, with essentially traumatic etiology in older children. Delayed diagnosis is a factor in poor prognosis.

关键词： Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Trauma Myopia

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