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Multi-temporal modeling of road-induced overland flow alterations in a terraced landscape characterized by shallow landslides

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 240-253页

作者： Luca Mauri eugenio Straffelini paolo Tarolli Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale Dell’Università 1635020Legnaro(PD)Italy

The presence of roads in high steep agricultural systems is often linked with landslides *** research aims to model multi-temporal overland flow dynamics in a shallow landslides-prone terraced landscape(northern Italy).The combined use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems(RPAS)and photo-grammetric techniques(e.g.,Structure from Motion-SfM)allowed to elaborate multi-temporal high-resolution Digital Elevation Models(DEMs).Hydrological analyses of water flow's depth alterations due to the road presence were carried out adopting the SIMulated Water Erosion model(SIMWE),focusing on different scenarios considering the presence of the road and assuming its absence through a specific DEM smoothing *** possibility to perform multi-temporal hydrological simulations at a hillslope scale so as to analyse the role played by the road in overland flows alteration is still a challenge to be *** proved the role played by the road in water flows change above the two observed shallow landslides,with respective maximum water depth values equal to 0.18 m and 0.14 *** the contrary,no-road simulations not revealed significant water flows deviations towards landslides,with water depth values around 0 m,underlining that the absence of the road would avoid relevant changes in water flow paths toward the collapsed *** work could be a solid starting point for analyse road impact on runoff dynamics and hillslopes stability also at a wider scale,as well as for planning efficient mitigation intervention so as to reduce the occurrence of similar future scenarios.

关键词： Terraced landscape Road Landslide Remote sensing DEM

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound evaluation of hepatic microvascular changes in liver diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第37期18卷 5225-5230页

作者： Francesco Ridolfi Teresa Abbattista paolo Busilacchi eugenio Brunelli Division of Gastroen-terology Principe di Piemonte Hospital Division of Radiology Principe di Piemonte Hospital SIUMB School of Ultrasound of Ancona Principe di Piemonte Hospital

AIM： To assess if software assisted-contrast-enhanced ultrasonography （CEUS） provides reproducible perfu- sion parameters of hepatic parenchyma in patients af- fected by chronic liver disease. METHODS： Forty patients with chronic viral liver dis- ease, with （n = 20） or without （n = 20） cirrhosis, and 10 healthy subjects underwent CEUS and video re- cordings of each examination were then analysed with Esaote＇s Qontrast software. CEUS dedicated software Qontrast was used to determine peak （the maximum signal intensity）, time to peak （TTP）, region of blood value （RBV） proportional to the area under the time- intensity curve, mean transit time （MTT） measured in seconds and region of blood flow （RBF）. RESULTS： Qontrast-assisted CEUS parameters dis- played high inter-observer reproducibility （κ： coefficients of 0.87 for MTT and 0.90 TTP）. When the region of in-terest included a main hepatic vein, Qontrast-calculated TTP was significantly shorter in cirrhotic patients （vs non-cirrhotics and healthy subjects）（71.0 ± 11.3 s vs 82.4±15.6 s, 86.3±20.3 s, P 〈 0.05）. MTIs in the patients with liver cirrhosis were significantly shorter than those of controls （111.9±22.0 s vs 139.4±39.8 s, P 〈 0.05）, but there was no significant difference between the cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic groups （111.9± 22.0 s vs 110.3 ±14.6 s）. Peak enhancement in the patients with liver cirrhosis was also higher than that observed in controls （23.9± 5.9 vs 18.9±7.1, P = 0.05）. There were no significant intergroup differences in the RBVs and RBFs. CONCLUSION： Qontrast-assisted CEUS revealed re- producible differences in liver perfusion parameters during the development of hepatic fibrogenesis.

关键词： Contrast enhanced ultrasound Cirrhosis Hepatitis Liver perfusion Hepatic microcirculation

Agriculture in Hilly and Mountainous Landscapes: Threats, Monitoring and Sustainable Management

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第1期1卷 70-76页

作者： paolo Tarolli eugenio Straffelini Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale dell’Università16Legnaro(PD)35020Italy

Agricultural landscapes cultivated in hilly and mountainous areas,often with terracing practice,could represent for some regions historical heritages and cultural ecosystem *** this reason,they deserve to be *** complex morphology that characterises them,however,makes these areas intrinsically susceptible to hydrogeological instability,such as soil loss due to surface erosion or more severe mass *** can identify three major critical factors for such *** first is related to the socio-economic evolution of contemporary civilization,that increased the land abandonment of several rural regions,leading therefore to a lack of maintenance.A second element is the unsustainable agricultural practices,such as excessive heavymechanization that cause soil compaction thus accelerating ***,the climate change forcing,with the increasing of the extreme *** this complex framework,it is necessary to find innovative solutions for the mitigation of hydrogeological risk and to respond in a well-prepared way to the possible future critical ***,the use of sustainable agricultural practices,which allow the production of quality agricultural products in perfect harmony with the surrounding environment,becomes *** solutions must respond to the criterion of multidisciplinary,where the various stakeholders collaborate by offering their specific knowledge in a shared intention of *** discipline of geography may become a valuable asset in this *** particular,thanks to the recent technological advances in the topographic survey(*** remote sensing techniques such as drones and airborne laser scanning),it is possible to exploit digital terrain analysis to synthesize key information for decision-makers,in order to plan sustainable ***,thanks to the high-resolution and accuracy offered by digital topography and the advanced morphometric algorithms,it is po

关键词： Landscapes Agriculture Sustainability Erosion Remote sensing DEM

Cholinergic input from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the cerebellum: implications for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第5期11卷 729-730页

作者： eugenio Scarnati Flora Vitale Annamaria Capozzo paolo Mazzone Department of Biotechnological and Applied Medical Sciences (DISCAB) University of L’Aquila-L’Aquila Operative Unit for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery RegionalCenter for Functional Neurosurgery and DBS

Deep brain stimulation（DBS）is a well established electrophysiological treatment initially applied to treat medication-refractory motor symptoms in Parkinson＇s disease（PD）,and is now being explored for several neurological and psychiatric *** specific physiological mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of DBS are not fully understood.

关键词： Cholinergic input from the pedunculopontine nucleus to the cerebellum implications for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease deep

Sustainable water resource management in steep-slope agriculture

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 214-219页

作者： Wendi Wang eugenio Straffelini Anton Pijl paolo Tarolli Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale dell’Università16Legnaro 35020PDItaly

Steep-slope agricultural landscapes are under threat due to climate *** the one hand,the growing fre-quency of extreme high-intensity rainfall events concentrated in both temporal and spatial scales are causing flash floods or slope failure risk *** the other hand,future climate projections indicate a significant expansion of arid zones in the steep slope agricultural *** is evidence that these landscapes face a high risk of growing water *** their unique role in crop production,ecosystem diversity,and crop production,ecosystem diversity,and cultural heritage,understanding sustainable water resource manage-ment for mitigating climate change-induced drought has never been more urgent than *** these landscapes,unique indigenous knowledge of water conservation is adopted to manage water resources improving their re-silience *** is,therefore,necessary to promote water storage to mitigate floods or increase the resilience to prolonged drought(creating at the same time favourable conditions for biodiversity).Modern technological advances(e.g.,high-resolution remote sensing and GIS-based modelling)are crucial in supporting these activities and understanding earth’s surface processes.

关键词： Steep slope agriculture Water Climate change SDG

Estrogens and the pathophysiology of the biliary tree

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第22期12卷 3537-3545页

作者： Domenico Alvaro Maria Grazia Mancino paolo Onori Antonio Franchitto Gianfranco Alpini Heather Francis Shannon Glaset eugenio Gaudio Division of Gastroenterology University of Rome "La Sapienza"RomeItaly University of Rome "La Sapienza"Polo PontinoLatinaItaly Division of Gastroenterology University of Rome "La Sapienza"RomeItaly Department of Experimental Medicine Section of Human and Clinical Anatomy State University of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly Department of Anatomy University of Rome "La Sapienza" RomeItaly Department of Medicine The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of Medicine Scott & White HospitalTempleTX 76504United States ResearchCentral Texas Veterans Health Care SystemScott & White HospitalTempleTX 76504United States Systems Biology and Translational MedicineThe Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of MedicineTX 76504United States Division of R&E Scott & White Hospital TempleTX 76504United States eugenio Gaudio Department of Anatomy University of Rome "La Sapienza"RomeItaly

The scientific framework concerning estrogen effects on different tissues has expanded enormously during the last decades, when estrogen receptor （ER） subtypes were identified. Estrogens are not only essential for the female reproductive system, but they also control fundamental functions in other tissues including the cardiovascular system, bone, brain and liver. Recently, estrogens have been shown to target the biliary tree, where they modulate the proliferative and secretory activities of cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining bile ducts. By acting on both estrogen receptors （ER-α） and （ER-β） subtypes, and by activating either genomic or non-genomic pathways, estrogens play a key role in the complex loop of growth factors and cytokines, which modulates the proliferative response of cholangiocytes to damage. Specifically, estrogens activate intracellular signalling cascades JERK1/2 （extracellular regulated　kinases 1/2, PI3-kinase/AKT （phosphatidylinositol-3＇ kinase/AKT）] typical of growth factors such as insulin like growth factor （IGF1）, nerve growth factor （NGF） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）, thus potentiating their action. In addition, estrogens stimulate the secretion of different growth factors in proliferating cholangiocytes. This review specifically deals with the recent advances related to the role and mechanisms by which estrogens modulate cholangiocyte functions in normal and pathological conditions.

关键词： Estrogens Cholangiocytes IGF1 Proliferation APDKD PBC Cholangiocarcinoma SERMs

Cholangiocytes and blood supply

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第22期12卷 3546-3552页

作者： eugenio Gaudio Antonio Franchitto Luigi Pannarale Guido Carpino Gianfranco Alpini Heather Francis Shannon Glaser Domenico Alvaro paolo Onori Department of Human Anatomy University of Rome "La Sapienza" RomeItaly Central Texas Veterans Health Care System and Department of Medicine and Systems Biology and Translational Medicine College of MedicineTempleTXUnited States Division of Research and Education Scott & White Hospital and The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of MedicineTempleTXUnited States Department of Medicine and Division of Research and Education Scott & White Hospital and The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of MedicineTempleTXUnited States Division of Gastroenterology University of Rome "La Sapienza" RomeItaly University of Rome "La Sapienza" Polo PontinoLatinaItaly Department of Experimental Medicine Section of Human and Clinical Anatomy State University of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly

The microvascular supply of the biliary tree, the peribiliary plexus （PBP）, stems from the hepatic artery branches and flows into the hepatic sinusoids. A detailed three-dimensional study of the PBP has been performed by using the Scanning Electron Microscopy vascular corrosion casts （SEMvcc） technique. Considering that the PBP plays a fundamental role in supporting the secretory and absorptive functions of the biliary epithelium, their organization in either normalcy and pathology is explored. The normal liver shows the PBP arranged around extra-and intrahepatic biliary tree. In the small portal tract PBP was characterized by a single layer of capillaries which progressively continued with the extrahepatic PBP where it showed a morecomplex vascular network. After common duct ligation （BDL）, progressive modifications of bile duct and PBP proliferation are observed. The PBP presents a three-dimensional network arranged around many bile ducts and appears as bundles of vessels, composed by capillaries of homogeneous diameter with a typical round mesh structure. The PBP network is easily distinguishable from the sinusoidal network which appears normal. Considering the enormous extension of the PBP during BDL, the possible role played by the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor （VEGF） is evaluated. VEGF-A,VEGF-C and their related receptors appeared highly immunopositive in proliferating cholangiocytes of BDL rats. The administration of anti-VEGF-A or anti-VEGF-C antibodies to BDL rats as well as hepatic artery ligation induced a reduced bile duct mass. The administration of rVEGF-A to BDL hepatic artery ligated rats prevented the decrease of cholangiocyte proliferation and VEGF-A expression as compared to BDL control rats. These data suggest the role of arterial blood supply of the biliary tree in conditions of cholangiocyte proliferation, such as it occurs during chronic cholestasis. On the other hand,the role played by VEGF as a tool of cross-talk between cholangiocytes

关键词： Peribiliary plexus Periportal plexus Cholangiocytes

Viticulture in Argentina under extreme weather scenarios:Actual challenges,future perspectives

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Geography and Sustainability 2023年第2期4卷 161-169页

作者： eugenio Straffelini Natalia Carrillo Carlos Schilardi Regina Aguilera Maria Jimena Estrella Orrego paolo Tarolli Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale dell’Università16Legnaro(PD)35020Italy Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasChacras de CoriaMendozaArgentina

Viticulture in Argentina is an important socioeconomic sector,reflected in a significant wine market and ***,climate change and related extreme events are serious *** main issues are heatwaves,hail-storms,and heavy rainfall,resulting in damage to *** climate change impacts have already been discussed for regions such as the Mediterranean,the literature lacks an up-to-date overview of Argentine viticul-ture and potential mitigation *** a country culturally and economically connected to the world of wine,it is strategic to bridge this gap to be prepared for a climatically adverse *** perspective paper presents an overview of Argentine viticulture and its relationship to climate *** focus on the Mendoza region,one of the most productive areas and home to cultural landscapes where internationally recognized wines are *** change is already occurring,a fact we observed by analyzing data from the past *** discussed how heatwaves in the lowlands drive farmers to move to the Andes slopes looking for more favorable *** new threats arise,such as extreme *** to surface hydrological processes,they can cause land degradation and compromise *** investigate these phenomena in detail,highlighting how they represent a growing challenge that must be addressed for the sustainable development of future viticulture in the ***,we propose mitigation strategies for more resilient production,drawing inspiration from the Sustainable Development Goals and suggesting a framework that can be extended to broader contexts worldwide。

关键词： Viticulture Wine Climate change Adaptation Argentina South America

Heavy cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are associated with impaired sperm parameters in primary infertile men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第5期21卷 478-485页

作者： Luca Boeri paolo Capogrosso eugenio Ventimiglia Filippo Pederzoli Walter Cazzaniga Francesco Chierigo Federico Deho Emanuele Montanari Francesco Montorsi Andrea Salonia Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology URIIRCCS San Raffaele HospitalMilan 20132Italy Department of Urology Foundation IRCCS Ca'Granda Maggiore Policlinico HospitalUniversity of MilanMilan 20122Italy University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Milan 20132Italy

We assessed the concomitant impact of cigarette smoking and alcohol con sumption in men presenting for primary couple's *** from 189 in fertile men were an a *** analysis,serum hormones,and sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)were *** status was categorized as follows:current nonsmoker(-S),moderate smoker(+MS),and heavy smoker(+HS).Alcohol consumption was categorized as follows:abstainer(-D),moderate drinker(+MD),and heavy drinker(+HD).Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were *** all the participants,132(69.8%),30(15.9%),and 27(14.3%)patients were-S,+MS,and+HS,*** addition,67(35.4%),77(40.7%)and 45(23.8%)men were-D,+MD and+HD,*** concomitant habits,52(27.5%)patients were nonsmokers and abstainers(-S/-D:Group 1),91(48.1%)had at least one recreational habit(-S/+D or+S/-D:Group 2),and 46(24.3%)were both smokers and drinkers(+S/+D:Group 3).Sperm concentration and progressive motility were lower in+HS and+HD,compared with-S and-D(all P<0.05),***,both parameters were significantly lower in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(all P<0.05).SDF values were higher in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2(both P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels and concomitant+S/+D status were independent predictors of impaired sperm concentration and progressive motility(all P<0.05).Heavy smoking and heavy drinking were associated with worse seminal parameters than moderate smoking/drinking and nonsmoking/*** concomitant,+S/+D status has an even greater detrimental effect on semen parameters.

关键词： alcohol con sumption cigarette smoki ng in fertility risk factors seme n an alysis