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Graphene-based optical phase modulation of waveguide transverse electric modes

Photonics Research 2014年第3期2卷 S0034-S0040页

作者： Michele Midrio paola galli Marco Romagnoli Lionel C.Kimerling Jurgen Michel Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Gestionale e Meccanica Universitàdegli Studi di Udine33100 UdineItaly Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucentvia Trento 3020871 Vimercate(MB)Italy CNIT National Laboratory of Photonic Networks 56124 PisaItaly Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave.CambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA

In this paper we report TE-mode phase modulation obtained by inducing a capacitive charge on graphene layers embedded in the core of a *** is a biasing regime in which graphene absorption is negligible but large index variations can be achieved with a voltage–length product as small as V_(π)L_(π)≃0.07 V cm for straight waveguides and V_(π)L_(π)≃0.0024 V cm for 12μm radius microring *** phase modulation device uniquely enables a small signal amplitude<1 V with a micrometer-sized footprint for compatibility with CMOS circuit *** of phase-induced changes are computed for straight waveguides and for microring resonators,showing the possibility of implementing several optoelectronic functionalities as modulators,tunable filters,and switches.

关键词： waveguide optoelectronic phase

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Ketoprofen,peginterferon 2a and ribavirin for genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C:A phaseⅡ study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第47期15卷 5946-5952页

作者： Annagiulia Gramenzi Carmela Cursaro Marzia Margotti Clara Balsano Alessandra Spaziani Simona Anticoli Elisabetta Loggi Maddalena Salerno Silvia galli Giuliano Furlini Mauro Bernardi Pietro Andreone Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bologna40138 Bologna Italy Molecular Virology and Oncology Laboratory "A.Cesalpino" FoundationUniversity of Rome"La Sapienza"00161 Rome Italy Department of Internal Medicine University of L'Aquila67100 L'AquilaItaly Hepatology Outpatient Clinic Hospital of Paola87027 Paola(CS)Italy Department of Hematology Oncology and Laboratory MedicineS.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital40138 BolognaItaly

AIM:To evaluate the safety of adding ketoprofen to pegylated-interferon(PEG-IFN)with or without ribavirin and the effect on viral kinetics,STAT1 activity and expression of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2'-5'OAS)in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C in a phaseⅡstudy. METHODS:Forty-five patients were studied:fifteen were randomized to PEG-IFN plus ribavirin(PR),16 to PEGIFN plus ketoprofen and 14 to PR and *** study of IFN-dependent signal transduction was conducted in 9 patients from each group. RESULTS:The combination of ketoprofen and PEG- IFN with or without ribavirin was safe and well *** early activation of STAT1 was observed in ke-toprofen-treated patients,but this activation was less sustained over ***,ketoprofen plus PEG- IFN and ribavirin induced an early and sustained increase of 2'-5'OAS transcription starting 24 h after the first dose until the 36th *** data are consistent with the clinical results,showing a better sustained virological response and a lower relapse rate in patients receiving ketoprofen plus PEG-IFN and ribavirin. CONCLUSION:The addition of ketoprofen to the standard therapy of chronic hepatitis C should be explored in larger randomized clinical studies.

关键词： Liver Viral hepatitis Chronic hepatitis C Clinical pharmacology Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs

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Clinical epidemiology of chronic viral hepatitis B:A Tuscany real-world large-scale cohort study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第5期10卷 409-416页

作者： Cristina Stasi Caterina Silvestri Roberto Berni Maurizia Rossana Brunetto Anna Linda Zignego Cristina Orsini Stefano Milani Liana Ricciardi Andrea De Luca Pierluigi Blanc Cesira Nencioni Donatella Aquilini Alessandro Bartoloni Giampaolo Bresci Santino Marchi Franco Filipponi Piero Colombatto Paolo Forte Andrea galli Sauro Luchi Silvia Chigiotti Alessandro Nerli Giampaolo Corti Rodolfo Sacco paola Carrai Angelo Ricchiuti Massimo Giusti Paolo Almi Andrea Cozzi Silvia Carloppi Giacomo Laffi Fabio Voller Francesco Cipriani Observatory of Epidemiology Regional Health Agency of TuscanyFlorence 50141Italy Center for Systemic Manifestations of Hepatitis Viruses(MaSVE) Internal Medicine and Liver UnitDepartment of Experimental and Clinical MedicineCareggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy Web Solutions Data Visualization and Scientific DocumentationRegional Health Agency of TuscanyFlorence 50141Italy Hepatology Unit Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineUniversity Hospital of PisaPisa 56100Italy Gastroenterology Research Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences“Mario Serio”Careggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy Infectious Disease Unit Hospital of LuccaLucca 55100Italy Infectious Diseases Unit Department of Medical BiotechnologiesSiena University HospitalSiena 53100Italy Infectious Disease Unit “S.Maria Annunziata”HospitalPonte a Niccheri 50012Italy Infectious Disease Unit Hospital of GrossetoGrosseto 58100Italy Infectious Disease Unit Hospital of PratoPrato 59100Italy Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineCareggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy Gastroenterology and Metabolic Disorders Department of SurgeryCisanello University HospitalPisa 56100Italy Gastroenterology Unit Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and SurgeryCisanello University Hospital of PisaPisa 56100Italy Liver Surgery and Transplantation Unit Department of Surgical PathologyMedicineMolecular and Critical AreaCisanello University HospitalPisa 56100Italy Internal Medicine Unit “San Jacopo”HospitalPistoia 51100Italy Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit Department of Internal and Specialized MedicineUniversity Hospital of SienaSiena 53100Italy Gastroenterology Unit San Giuseppe HospitalEmpoli 50053Italy Internal Medicine and Liver Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineCareggi University HospitalFlorence 50135Italy Department of Prevention Central Tuscany Local UnitFlorence 5

AIM To build a regional database of chronic patients to define the clinical epidemiology of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected patients in the Tuscan public health care *** This study used a cross-sectional cohort design. We evaluated chronic viral hepatitis patients with HBV referred to the outpatient services of 16 hospital units. Information in the case report forms included main demographic data, blood chemistry data, viral hepatitis markers, instrumental evaluations, and eligibility for treatment or ongoing therapy and liver transplantation. RESULTS Of 4015 chronic viral hepatitis patients, 1096(27.3%) were HBV infected. The case report form was correctly completed for only 833 patients(64% males, 36% females; mean age 50.1 ± 15.4). Of these HBV-infected patients, 73% were Caucasian, 21% Asian, 4% Central African, 1% North African and 1% American. Stratifying patients by age and nationality, we found that 21.7% of HBV-infected patients were aged < 34 years(only 2.8% were Italian). The most represented routes of transmission were nosocomial/dental procedures(23%), mother-to-child(17%) and sexual transmission(12%). The most represented HBV genotypes were D(72%) and A(14%). Of the patients, 24.7% of patients were HBe Ag positive, and 75.3% were HBe Ag negative. Of the HBV patients 7% were anti-HDV positive. In the whole cohort, 26.9% were cirrhotic(35.8% aged < 45 years), and 47% were eligible for or currently undergoing treatment, of whom 41.9 % were cirrhotic. CONCLUSION Only 27.3% of chronic viral hepatitis patients were HBV infected. Our results provide evidence of HBV infection in people aged < 34 years, especially in the foreign population not protected by vaccination. In our cohort of patients, liver cirrhosis was also found in young adults.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus infection Liver fibrosis Cirrhosis Public health Epidemiology

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