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A novel method for quantitatively identifying driving forces and evaluating their contributions to oil and gas accumulation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 28-40页

作者： Bo pang xiongqi pang Caijun Li Zhangxing Chen Huiyi Xiao Suyun Hu Siyu Zhang Lei Wang Yaoxi Sun Min Li Shasha Hui College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4Canada Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute CNPCBeijing 100083China

Different driving forces govern the formation of distinct types of oil and gas accumulation and yield diverse oil and gas *** oil and gas reservoirs in basins are commonly formed by the combination of multiple *** is very difficult but essential to identify driving forces and evaluate their contributions in predicting the type and distribution of oil and gas *** this study,a novel method is proposed to identify driving forces and evaluate their contribution based on the critical conditions of porosity and permeability corresponding to buoyancy-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth(BHAD).The application of this method to the Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin shows that all oil and gas accumulations in the reservoirs are jointly formed by four driving forces:buoyance(Ⅰ),non-buoyance(Ⅱ),tectonic stress(Ⅲ1)and geofluid activity(Ⅲ2).Their contributions to all proven reserves are approxi-mately 63.8%,16.2%,2.9%,and 17.0%,*** contribution of the driving forces is related to the depth,distance to faults and unconformity *** dominates the formation of conven-tional reservoirs above BHAD,non-buoyant dominate the formation of unconventional reservoirs below BHAD,tectonic stress dominates the formation of fractured reservoirs within 300 m of a fault,and geoflu-ids activity dominates the formation of vuggy reservoirs within 100 m of an unconformity surface.

关键词： Driving forces Dynamic mechanisms Buoyancy-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth Unconventional oil and gas Resources evaluation

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全油气系统理论基本原理

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石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 679-691页

作者：贾承造庞雄奇宋岩中国石油天然气集团有限公司北京100007 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室中国石油大学(北京)北京102249 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院北京102249 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院北京102249

通过阐释全油气系统基本原理,并阐明全油气系统的结构,进而揭示常规油气—致密油气—页岩油气序列成藏规律以及全油气系统成藏模式与成藏机理;此外,阐述了页岩油气-致密油气储层地质模型、流动模型与开发生产机理,并给出了进一步的研究... 详细信息

通过阐释全油气系统基本原理,并阐明全油气系统的结构,进而揭示常规油气—致密油气—页岩油气序列成藏规律以及全油气系统成藏模式与成藏机理;此外,阐述了页岩油气-致密油气储层地质模型、流动模型与开发生产机理,并给出了进一步的研究方向。研究表明:(1)全油气系统的主要结构包括3类流体动力场、3种油气藏与油气资源,以及两种成藏作用。常规油气—致密油气—页岩油气具有形成时间和空间分布的有序性、基于成因机理的序列合理性,表现出“序列成藏”的地质规律。(2)全油气系统成藏模式可以分为“碎屑岩盆地成藏模式”与“碳酸盐岩盆地(层系)成藏模式”两类。非常规油气的聚集成藏是一种“自封闭成藏”,油气自封闭作用的微观来源是分子间作用力(范德华力)。(3)非常规油气生产实践证实,页岩油气-致密油气储层地质模型、流动模型与开发生产机理是一个全新的领域,极为复杂,有待进一步研究。页岩油气一定是中国油气资源中最重要的资源接替。(4)进一步研究方向包括:碳酸盐岩盆地全油气系统特征及复合盆地演化源储耦合规律;页岩油气与致密油气运移、成藏与开发生产的流动机理;深层超深层页岩油气、致密油气和煤层气油气地质特征与富集规律;全油气系统油气资源评价与新一代盆地模拟技术;地球系统—地球有机岩与化石能源系统—全油气系统研究。

关键词：全油气系统理论全油气系统结构序列成藏规律全油气系统成藏模式自封闭成藏机理页岩油气-致密油气地质模型与流动模型

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Accelerating Oil and Gas Exploration in Western China by Studies of Formations of Hydrocarbon Accumulations in Superimposed Basins—A Preface

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第5期84卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： pang xiongqi State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249

The superimposed basins in the western region of China are a hot research topic for earth scientists home and abroad for their vast area and rich oil and gas resources. Their complex geological conditions and resultant great exploration difficulties have received much attention of the scientists. This issue presents the advances of several scholars in their long-term research on the mechanisms of oil and gas accumulation and the patterns of oil and gas distribution.

关键词： BASINS (Geology) GAS reservoirs PETROLEUM reserves PETROLEUM geology HYDROCARBONS

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Quantitative Analysis Model and Application of the Hydrocarbon Distribution Threshold

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第1期87卷 232-242页

作者： JIANG Fujie pang xiongqi GUO Jigang State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum

Hydrocarbon source rock obviously controls the formation and distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Based on the geological concept of ＂source control theory＂, the concept of a hydrocarbon distribution threshold was put forward. This means the maximum range for hydrocarbon controlled by the source rock conditions to migrate in the hydrocarbon basins. Three quantitative analysis models are proposed on this basis, namely the hydrocarbon accumulation probability, maximum hydrocarbon scale threshold and reserve distribution probability, which respectively refer to the probability of forming a hydrocarbon reservoir, the possible maximum scale of the hydrocarbon reservoir and the percentage of reserve distribution in a certain area within the hydrocarbon distribution threshold. Statistical analysis on 539 hydrocarbon reservoirs discovered in 28 hydrocarbon source kitchens from seven sedimentary basins and sags of eastern China shows the maximum reservoir scale possibly formed in the hydrocarbon basin, hydrocarbon accumulation probability and oil and gas reserve distribution probability are all controlled by the characteristics of the hydrocarbon source rock. Generally, as the distances from the hydrocarbon source rock center and hydrocarbon discharge boundary get longer and the hydrocarbon discharge intensity of hydrocarbon source rock center gets smaller, there will be lower probability of hydrocarbon accumulation. Corresponding quantitative models are established based on single factor statistics and multivariate analysis. Practical application in the Jiyang Depression shows that the prediction from the quantitative analysis model for the hydrocarbon distribution threshold agree well with the actual exploration results, indicating that the quantitative analysis model is likely to be a feasible tool.

关键词： source control theory scale threshold distribution threshold Jiyang Depression,hydrocarbon discharge threshold probability

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The mechanism of unconventional hydrocarbon formation: Hydrocarbon self-sealing and intermolecular forces

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2021年第3期48卷 507-526页

作者： JIA Chengzao pang xiongqi SONG Yan China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100724China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration Beijing 102249China School of Earth Sciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Institute of Unconventional Research China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

The successful development of unconventional hydrocarbons has significantly increased global hydrocarbon resources, promoted the growth of global hydrocarbon production and made a great breakthrough in classical oil and gas geology. The core mechanism of conventional hydrocarbon accumulation is the preservation of hydrocarbons by trap enrichment and buoyancy, while unconventional hydrocarbons are characterized by continuous accumulation and non-buoyancy accumulation. It is revealed that the key of formation mechanism of the unconventional reservoirs is the self-sealing of hydrocarbons driven by intermolecular forces. Based on the behavior of intermolecular forces and the corresponding self-sealing, the formation mechanisms of unconventional oil and gas can be classified into three categories:(1) thick oil and bitumen, which are dominated by large molecular viscous force and condensation force;(2) tight oil and gas, shale oil and gas and coal-bed methane, which are dominated by capillary forces and molecular adsorption;and(3) gas hydrate, which is dominated by intermolecular clathration. This study discusses in detail the characteristics, boundary conditions and geological examples of self-sealing of the five types of unconventional resources, and the basic principles and mathematical characterization of intermolecular forces. This research will deepen the understanding of formation mechanisms of unconventional hydrocarbons, improve the ability to predict and evaluate unconventional oil and gas resources, and promote the development and production techniques and potential production capacity of unconventional oil and gas.

关键词： unconventional hydrocarbons hydrocarbon reservoir formation mechanism self-sealing intermolecular forces hydrocarbon self-sealing formation mode hydrocarbon exploration and development

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页岩干酪根平均分子结构模型的构建方法

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地质论评 2024年第S1期70卷 337-338页

作者：施砍园陈君青庞雄奇惠沙沙中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院北京102249 中国石油大学(北京)理学院能源交叉学科基础研究中心北京102249 中国石油大学(北京)理学院油气光学探测技术重点实验室北京102249

页岩中的主要有机成分是干酪根。一个真实的干酪根分子结构模型是利用分子动力学研究页岩有机质微观性质的基础。前人多建立二维干酪根模型,对三维干酪根结构模型的建立较少。因此,很有必要介绍一种建立页岩干酪根的三维分子结构模型的... 详细信息

页岩中的主要有机成分是干酪根。一个真实的干酪根分子结构模型是利用分子动力学研究页岩有机质微观性质的基础。前人多建立二维干酪根模型,对三维干酪根结构模型的建立较少。因此,很有必要介绍一种建立页岩干酪根的三维分子结构模型的详细步骤。笔者等基于构建出的南堡页岩干酪根的二维分子结构模型,利用分子动力学模拟的手段,根据干酪根的密度.

关键词：页岩干酪根平均分子结构模型分子动力学模拟

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Quick Evaluation of Present-Day Low-Total Organic Carbon Carbonate Source Rocks from Rock-Eval Data: Middle–Upper Ordovician in the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1558-1573页

作者： CHEN Junqing pang xiongqi YANG Haljun pang Hong pang Bo State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China university of Petroteurn Beijing 102249 China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Geological Survey of Canada Natural Resources Canada Calgary T2L 2A 7 Canada Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company Korla 841000 China

Previous studies have postulated the contribution of present-day low-total organic carbon （TOC） marine carbonate source rocks to oil accumulations in the Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin, China. However, not all present-day low-TOC carbonates have generated and expelled hydrocarbons; therefore, to distinguish the source rocks that have already expelled sufficient hydrocarbons from those not expelled hydrocarbons, is crucial in source rock evaluation and resource assessment in the Tabei Uplift. Mass balance can be used to identify modern low-TOC carbonates resulting from hydrocarbon expulsion. However, the process is quite complicated, requiring many parameters and coefficients and thus also a massive data source. In this paper, we provide a quick and cost effective method for identifying carbonate source rock with present-day low TOC, using widely available Rock-Eval data. First, we identify present-day low-TOC carbonate source rocks in typical wells according to the mass balance approach. Second, we build an optimal model to evaluate source rocks from the analysis of the rocks＇ characteristics and their influencing factors, reported as positive or negative values of a dimensionless index of Rock-Eval data （IR）. Positive IR corresponds to those samples which have expelled hydrocarbons. The optimal model optimizes complicated calculations and simulation processes; thus it could be widely applicable and competitive in the evaluation of present-day low TOC carbonates. By applying the model to the Rock-Eval dataset of the Tabei Uplift, we identify present-day iow-TOC carbonate source rocks and primarily evaluate the contribution equivalent of 11.87×10^9 t oil.

关键词： present-day low-TOC carbonate source rocks quick evaluation model Rock-Eval TabeiUplift

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Post-Triassic thermal history of the Tazhong Uplift Zone in the Tarim Basin, Northwest China: Evidence from apatite fssion-track thermochronology

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 743-754页

作者： Caifu Xiang xiongqi pang Martin Daniík State Key Laboratory for Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum John De Laeter Center of Mass Spectrometry Applied GeologyCurtin UniversityPerth 6152Australia Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences The University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105Hamilton 3240New Zealand

The Tarim Basin is a representative example of the basins developed in the northwest China that are characterized by multiple stages of heating and *** order to better understand its complex thermal history,apatite fission track （AFT） thermochronology was applied to borehole samples from the Tazhong Uplift Zone （TUZ）.Twelve sedimentary samples of Silurian to Triassic depositional ages were analyzed from depths coinciding with the apatite partial annealing zone （～60-120 ℃）.The AFT ages,ranging from 132 ± 7 Ma （from a Triassic sample） to 25 ± 2 Ma （from a Carboniferous sample）,are clearly younger than their depositional ages and demonstrate a total resetting of the AFT thermometer after *** AFT ages vary among different tectonic belts and decrease from the *** Faulted Zone （133-105 Ma） in the northwest,the Central Horst Zone in the middle （108-37 Ma）,to the East Buried Hill Zone in the south （51 25 Ma）.Given the low magnitude of post-Triassic burial heating evidenced by low vitrinite reflectance values （Ro ＜ 0.7％）,the total resetting of the AFT system is speculated to result from the hot fluid flow along the *** effects along the faults are well documented by younger AFT ages and unimodal single grain age distributions in the vicinity of the ***-early Triassic basaltic volcanism may be responsible for the early Triassic total annealing of those samples lacking connectivity with the *** above arguments are supported by thermal modeling results.

关键词： Apatite fission track Thermochronology Tectonics Fluid flow Tazhong Uplift Zone Tarim Basin

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储层矿物润湿性的测量方法综述

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特种油气藏 2024年第2期31卷 1-9页

作者：施砍园陈君青庞雄奇姜福杰庞宏惠沙沙马奎友丛奇油气资源与工程全国重点实验室北京102249 中国石油大学(北京) 北京102249 能源交叉学科基础研究中心北京102249 油气光学探测技术重点实验室北京102249

储集岩的润湿性对孔隙中流体的分布与流动至关重要,关系到油气田提高采收率措施的选择及其实施效果,由于地下油气储层中矿物成分复杂、流体组成多样,目前尚无统一的储层岩石润湿性测量标准,根据油藏的具体条件选择合适的润湿性测量方法... 详细信息

储集岩的润湿性对孔隙中流体的分布与流动至关重要,关系到油气田提高采收率措施的选择及其实施效果,由于地下油气储层中矿物成分复杂、流体组成多样,目前尚无统一的储层岩石润湿性测量标准,根据油藏的具体条件选择合适的润湿性测量方法对石油开采至关重要。基于此,从物理实验与数值模拟两方面详细讨论了国内外目前使用较广且最新的测量岩石润湿性的方法,针对这些方法的原理、优缺点及适用条件进行总结,并对润湿性测量方法进行了展望。该研究有助于优选适用的润湿性测量方法,可为提高储层中岩石润湿性表征的准确性提供借鉴。

关键词：润湿性润湿角矿物实验测量数值模拟

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Control of facies and fluid potential on hydrocarbon accumulation and prediction of favorable Silurian targets in the Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin,China

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Petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 24-33页

作者： Yu Yixing Chen Dongxia pang Hong Shi Xiuping pang xiongqi State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

Exploration practices show that the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tazhong Uplift is extremely *** research indicates that the oil and gas accumulation is controlled by favorable facies and low fluid *** the macro level,hydrocarbon distribution in this uplift is controlled by structural zones and sedimentary *** the micro level,oil occurrences are dominated by lithofacies and petrophysical *** control of facies is embodied in high porosity and permeability controlling hydrocarbon ***,the macro oil and gas distribution in the uplift is also influenced by the relatively low fluid potential at local highs,where most successful wells are *** wells are also closely related to the adjacent ***,the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism in the Tazhong Uplift can be described as *** by structures,the deep and overpressured fluids migrated through faults into the sand bodies with relatively low potential and high porosity and *** released overpressure expelled the oil and gas into the normal-pressured zones,and the hydrocarbon was preserved by the overlying caprock of poorly compacted Carboniferous and Permian *** a mechanism reflects favorable facies and low potential controlling hydrocarbon *** on the statistical analysis of the reservoirs and commercial wells in the uplift,a relationship between oil-bearing property in traps and the facies-potential index was established,and a prediction of two favorable targets was made.

关键词： Tazhong Uplift Silurian control of facies fluid potential oil and gas prediction

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