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chronic hepatitis c virus infection:Serum biomarkers inpredicting liver damage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第4期22卷 1367-1381页

作者： pamela Valva Daniela A Ríos Elena De Matteo Maria V Preciado Laboratory of Molecular Biology Pathology DivisionHospital de Niños Ricardo GutiérrezBuenos Aires C1425EFDArgentina

currently, a major clinical challenge in the management of the increasing number of hepatitis c virus(HcV) infected patients is determining the best means for evaluating liver impairment. Prognosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis c(cHc) are partly dependent on the assessment of histological activity, namely cell necrosis and inflammation, and the degree of liver fibrosis. These parameters can be provided by liver biopsy; however, in addition to the risks related to an invasive procedure, liver biopsy has been associated with sampling error mostly due to suboptimal biopsy size. To avoid these pitfalls, several markers have been proposed as non-invasive alternatives for the diagnosis of liver damage. Distinct approaches among the currently available non-invasive methods are(1) the physical ones based on imaging techniques; and(2) the biological ones based on serum biomarkers. In this review, we discuss these approaches with special focus on currently available non-invasive serum markers. We will discuss:(1) class?Ⅰ?serum biomarkers individually and as combined panels, particularly those that mirror the metabolism of liver extracellular matrix turnover and/or fibrogenic cell changes;(2) class Ⅱ biomarkers that are indirect serum markers and are based on the evaluation of common functional alterations in the liver; and(3) biomarkers of liver cell death, since hepatocyte apoptosis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of HcV infection. We highlight in this review the evidence behind the use of these markers and assess the diagnostic accuracy as well as advantages, limitations, and application in clinical practice of each test for predicting liver damage in cHc.

关键词： Serum biomarkers chronic hepatitis c Liver damage Non-invasive Direct serum markers Indirect serum markers Apoptosis markers

Prenatal diagnosis and assessment of congenital spinal anomalies: Review for prenatal counseling

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第7期7卷 406-417页

作者： Vidyadhar V Upasani pamela Deaver Ketwaroo Judy A Estroff Benjamin c Warf John B Emans Michael P Glotzbecker Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego Department of Radiology Brighma and Women’s Hospital Department of Radiology Boston Children’s Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Boston Child-ren’s Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s Hospital

The last two decades have seen continuous advances in prenatal ultrasonography and in utero magnetic resonance imaging. These technologies have increasingly enabled the identification of various spinal pathologies during early stages of gestation. The purpose of this paper is to review the range of fetal spine anomalies and their management, with the goal of improving the clinician's ability to counsel expectant parents prenatally.

关键词： Prenatal ultrasound In utero magnetic resonance imaging Prenatal counseling congenital spinal anomalies

A Registry-Based Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of cOVID-19 Patients in Hong Kong,china

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2024年第3期6卷 156-163页

作者： Hillary HY Leung Teresa WL Ma Florrie NY Yu Meliza cW Kong Tsz Kin Lo Pauline PL So Wing-cheong Leung Wendy Shu Ka Wang cheung Sakita Moungmaithong chi chiu Wang Liona c.Poon Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Chinese University of HongKongHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology United Christian HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Princess Margaret HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Tuen Mun HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Kwong Wah HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Queen Mary HospitalHong Kong 999077China

Objective:To report the clinical maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19),along with any associated pregnancy complications,in Hong Kong,china,and to assess the impact of cOVID-19 vaccination on these ***:This prospective registry-based observational study included pregnant women who were recruited through convenient sampling and had a laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection with a cycle threshold(ct)value result available on admission to eight local hospitals in Hong Kong,*** on clinical symptoms,laboratory results,medical treatments,delivery timing and mode,and pregnancy complications were extracted from the Hospital Authority’s electronic medical record ***,fetal,and pregnancy outcomes were compared between unvaccinated pregnant women with cOVID-19 and those who had received at least one dose of cOVID-19 vaccine before *** continuous variables and categorical variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Pearson’s chi-squared test respectively.A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically ***:A total of 164 pregnant women were included,of whom 78(47.56%)were ***-19 was diagnosed before 28 weeks’gestation in 30(18.29%),while 134(81.71%)were diagnosed at or after 28 weeks’***-two(37.80%)women received at least one dose of cOVID-19 *** were no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups in the time interval between cOVID-19 diagnosis and delivery,the ct value,and the gestational age at infection onset or delivery(P>0.05).The majority of women were symptomatic at diagnosis regardless of vaccination status 55(88.71%)in vaccinated group vs.78(76.47%)in unvaccinated group(P=0.052).Symptoms did not significantly differ between groups except for cough(62.90%vs.47.06%,P=0.049).The overall rate of severe cOVID-19 in pregnant women was *** t

关键词： cOVID-19 Maternal outcomes Fetal outcomes Pregnancy complications Severe cOVID-19

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A step forward in laparoscopic hepatectomy:comments on“Expert consensus on Laparoscopic Hepatectomy(2013 Version)by National Hepatic Surgery Group,Society of Surgery,chinese Medical Association”

作者： (美)pamela L.·Alreck (美)Robert B.·Settle

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Frontiers of Medicine 2013年第4期7卷 520-522页

作者： Eric c.H.Lai Department of Surgery Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern HospitalChai WanHong KongChina

I read with great interest the consensus and guideline of laparoscopic hepatectomy,which was originated from the experts in china[1].This is a significant step forward in minimally invasive liver *** development of minimally invasive liver surgery over the last 2 decades has a great impact on the surgical practice in china,and the other parts of the *** potential advantages of laparoscopic hepatectomy are those of minimal access surgery(Table 1).

关键词： Surgery hepatectomy surgery

Impact of Prophylactic Betamethasone Indication on the Neonatal Outcome in 38-Week Pregnancies Prior to Elective cesarean Section

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第10期10卷 1396-1401页

作者： Enrique Valdés Rubio pamela Socías Javiera Urquieta Enrique Valdés M Alvaro Sepúlveda-Martínez Maternal and Fetal Medicine Unit Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile Santiago de Chile Chile Universidad Andrés Bello Concepción Chile

Objective: To assess whether the use of prenatal betamethasone in pregnancies with elective caesarean section (c-section) at 38 weeks has a similar risk of adverse neonatal respiratory outcomes than elective c-section... 详细信息

Objective: To assess whether the use of prenatal betamethasone in pregnancies with elective Caesarean section (C-section) at 38 weeks has a similar risk of adverse neonatal respiratory outcomes than elective C-section at 39 weeks. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of pregnant patients with singleton pregnancies and elective C-section at term in a one-year period. Cases were C-section at 38 weeks of gestation with a complete course of betamethasone started 48-hours before. As a control group, pregnancies with a C-section at 39 weeks without betamethasone were included. Results: During the study period, 186 patients were included. Of these, 91 were delivered at 38 weeks and 95 at 39 weeks. There were no significant differences in maternal age and parity. Moreover, there were no significant differences in respiratory complications (respiratory distress syndrome [RDS] = 0% vs 1.1%;p = 1.0, transitory tachypnea [TT] = 0% vs 0%) and admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (8.8% vs 6.3%;p = 0.7) between deliveries at 38 weeks and 39 weeks, respectively. Conclusion: Prophylactic use of betamethasone in early term pregnancies who undergo an elective c-section at 38 weeks is associated with similar a

关键词： Betamethasone corticosteroids Elective cesarean Section Respiratory complications Respiratory Distress Syndrome Transitory Tachypnea

Taxonomy of the White-browed Shortwing(Brachypteryx montana)complex on mainland Asia and Taiwan:an integrative approach supports recognition of three instead of one species

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Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 281-293页

作者： Per Alstrom pamela c.Rasmussen canwei Xia Magnus Gelang Yang Liu Guoling chen Min Zhao Yan Hao chao Zhao Jian Zhao chengte Yao James A.Eaton Robert Hutchinson Fumin Lei Urban Olsson Department of Ecology and Genetics Animal EcologyEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala UniversityNorbyvaen 18D752 36 UppsalaSweden Swedish Species Information centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences(SLU)Box 7007750 07 UppsalaSweden Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Integrative Biology and MSU Museum Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48864USA Bird Group The Natural History Museum at TringAkeman StreetTring HP23 6APUK Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Gothenburg Natural History Museum Box 7283402 35 GoteborgSweden State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Department of EcologySchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China cloud Mountain conservation Dali 671003YunnanChina High-Altitude Experimental Station Endemic Species Research InstituteCOAChi-chi 55244TaiwanChina Birdtour Asia 17 Keats AvenueLittleoverDerby DE23 4EEUK Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences Systematics and BiodiversityUniversity of GothenburgBox 463405 30 GoeborgSweden

Background: The White-browed Shortwing(Brachypteryx montana) is widespread from the central Himalayas to the southeast chinese mainland and the island of Taiwan, the Philippines and Indonesia. Multiple subspecies are recognised, and several of these have recently been suggested to be treated as separate species based on differences in morphology and ***: We here analyse plumage, morphometrics, songs, two mitochondrial and two nuclear markers, and geographical distributions of the two mainland Asian taxa B. m. cruralis and B. m. sinensis and the Taiwan Residents B. m. ***: We conclude that these differ congruently in morphology, songs and DNA. Male B. m. goodfellowi is the most divergent in plumage(sexually monomorphic, unlike the two others; male similar to female), and B. m. cruralis and B. m. sinensis differ in male plumage maturation. The song of B. m. cruralis is strongly divergent from the others, whereas the songs of B. m. sinensis and B. m. goodfellowi are more similar to each other. Brachypteryx m. sinensis and B. m. goodfellowi are sisters, with an estimated divergence time 4.1 million years ago(mya; 95% highest posterior distribution [HPD] 2.8–5.5 mya), and B. m. cruralis separated from these two 5.8 mya(95% HPD 4.1–7.5 mya). We also report notable range extensions of B. m. sinensis as well as sympatry between this taxon and B. m. cruralis in Sichuan Province, china. Brachypteryx m. montana from Java is found to be more closely related to Lesser Shortwing(B. leucophris) and Rusty-bellied Shortwing(B. hyperythra) than to the mainland Asian and Taiwan Residents ***: Our data support a recent proposal to treat the three mainland Asian and Taiwan Residents taxa as three species, separate from B. montana sensu stricto: B. cruralis(central Himalayas to south central china and south Vietnam), B. sinensis(north central to southeastern part of china's Mainland) and B. goodfellowi(Taiwan Island).

关键词： Integrative taxonomy Morphology Song Miocene Pliocene

Paladin, a tyrosine phosphatase-like protein, is required for XA21-mediated immunity in rice

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Plant communications 2021年第4期2卷 116-126页

作者： Tsung-chi chen Mawsheng chern Michael Steinwand Deling Ruan Yu Wang Arkin Isharani pamela Ronald Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome center University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

XA21 encodes a rice immune receptor that confers robust resistance to most strains of the Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae ***(Xoo).XA21-mediated immunity is triggered by recognition of a small protein called RaxX-sY(required for activation of XA21-mediated immunity X,tyrosine-sulfated)secreted by *** identify components regulating XA21-mediated immunity,we generated and screened a mutant population of fast-neutron-mutagenized rice expressing Ubi:Myc-XA21 for those susceptible to ***,we report the characterization of one of these rice mutants,named sxi2(suppressor of XA21-mediated immunity-2).Whole-genome sequencing revealed that sxi2 carries a deletion of the PALADIN(PALD)gene encoding a protein with three putative protein tyrosine phosphatase-like domains(PTP-A,-B,and-c).Expression of PALD in the sxi2 genetic background was sufficient to complement the susceptible phenotype,which requires the catalytic cysteine of the PTP-A active site to restore *** coimmunoprecipitated with the full-length XA21 protein,whose levels are positively regulated by the presence of the PALD ***,we foundd that sxi2 retains many hallmarks of XA21-mediated immunity,similar to the wild *** results reveal that PALD,a previously uncharacterized class of phosphatase,functions in rice innate immunity,and suggest that the conserved cysteine in the PTP-A domain of PALD is required for its immune function.

关键词： XA21 rice bacterial blight disease Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae fast-neutron mutagenesis PALD

Business research methods 8th ed.

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Business research methods