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Hydrogels for neuroprotection and functional rewiring: a new era for brain engineering

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 783-789页

作者： Rocío Fernández-Serra Rebeca Gallego paloma Lozano Daniel González-Nieto Center for Biomedical Technology Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. MadridSpain Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería ETSI TelecomunicacionesUniversidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) MadridSpain

The neurological devastation of neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases reinforces our perseverance to find advanced treatments to deal with these fatal ***-performance preclinical results have failed at clinical level,as it has been the case for a wide variety of neuroprotective agents and cell-based therapies employed to treat high prevalent brain pathologies such as stroke,Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** unquestionable reality is the current absence of effective therapies to neuroprotect the brain,to arrest neurodegeneration and rewire the impaired brain *** of the problem might arise from the lack of adequate in vitro and in vivo models and that most of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not yet *** contributing factor is the lack of efficient systems to sustain drug release at therapeutic concentrations and enhance the survival and function of grafted cells in transplantation *** medical applications the use of biomaterials of different compositions and formats has experienced a boom in the last *** the greater complexity of central nervous system has probably conditioned their extensive use with respect to other organs,the number of biomaterials-based applications to treat the injured brain or in the process of being damaged has grown ***-based biomaterials have constituted a turning point in the treatment of cerebral disorders using a new form of advanced *** show mechanical properties in the range of cerebral tissue resulting very suitable for local implantation of drugs and *** is also possible to fabricate three-dimensional hydrogel constructs with adaptable mesh size to facilitate axonal guidance and *** this article,we review the current trends in this area highlighting the positive impact of hydrogel-based biomaterials over the exhaustive control of drug delivery,cell engraftment and axonal reinnervation in brain p

关键词： advanced therapies Alzheimer’s disease biomaterials brain hydrogels neurological diseases Parkinson’s disease polymers stroke

The influence of elevation on soil properties and forest litter in the Siliceous Moncayo Massif,SW Europe

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第12期13卷 2155-2169页

作者： BADIA David RUIZ Alberto GIRONA Antonio MARTI Clara CASANOVA Jose IBARRA paloma ZUFIAURRE Raquel Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Technic School of Agricultural Engineering and Environmental SciencesUniversidad de Zaragoza Department of Geography and Land Management University of Zaragoza Department of Analytical Chemistry Technic School of Agricultural Engineering and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Zaragoza

Understanding the effects of elevation and related factors(climate,vegetation) on the physical and chemical soil properties can help to predict changes in response to future climate or afforestation *** work aims to contribute to the knowledge of soil evolution and the classification of forest soils in relation to elevation in the montane stage,with special attention to podzolization and humus *** northern flank of the Moncayo Massif(Iberian Range,SW Europe) provides a unique opportunity to study a forest soils catena within a consistent quartzitic parent material over a relatively steep elevation *** increasing elevation,pH,base saturation,exchangeable potassium,and fine silt-sized particles decrease significantly,while organic matter,the C/N ratio,soil aggregate stability,water repellency and coarse sand-sized particles increase *** soil profiles shared a set of properties in all horizons:loamy-skeletal particle-size,extreme acidity(pH-H_2O<5.6) and low base saturation(<50%).The most prevalent soil forming processes in the catena include topsoil organic matter accumulation and even podzolization,which increases with *** the upper to lower landscape positions of wooded montane stage of the Moncayo Massif,mull-moder-mor humus and an UmbrisolCambisol-Podzol soil unit sequences were found.

关键词： Montane stage Forest soils Catena Humus forms Podzolization Siliceous Moncayo Massif

Mercury in aquatic fauna contamination:A systematic review on its dynamics and potential health risks

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第10期31卷 205-218页

作者： paloma de Almeida Rodrigues Rafaela Gomes Ferrari Luciano Neves dos Santos Carlos Adam Conte Junior Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center Department of Food TechnologyFaculty of VeterinaryUniversidade Federal FluminenseNiteróiBrazil Chemistry Institute Food Science ProgramUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil National Institute of Health Quality Control Fundacaeo Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Ichthyology Department of Ecology and Marine ResourcesUniversidade Federal do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil

Mercury is an important pollutant,released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic *** element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways,causing potential health *** addition,mercury can be accumulated by humans,especially through the consumption of contaminated *** systematic review aims to present mercury pathways,the major routes through which this element reaches the aquatic environment and its transformations until becoming available to living animals,leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification *** key biotic and abiotic factors affecting such processes,the impact of mercury on animal and human health and the issue of seafood consumption as a source of chronic mercury contamination are also addressed.A total of 101 articles were retrieved from a standardized search on three databases(PubMed,Emabse,and Web of Science),in addition to 28 other studies not found on these databases but considered fundamental to this review(totaling 129 articles).Both biotic and abiotic factors display fundamental importance in mediating mercurial dynamics,i.e.,muscle tropism,and salinity,***,mercurial contamination in aquatic environments affects animal health,especially the risk of extinction species and also on human health,with methylmercury the main mercury species responsible for acute and chronic symptomatology.

关键词： Mercury levels Seafood Methylmercury Public health Aquatic environment

Necroptosis in global cerebral ischemia: a role for endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 455-456页

作者： Enrique Font-Belmonte paloma González-Rodríguez Arsenio Fernández-López Area de Biologia Celular Instituto de BiomedicinaUniversidad de LeonLeonSpain Neural Therapies SL Edificio Institutos de InvestigacionCampus de VegazanaLeonSpain

Necroptosis has been reported in the last years as a type of regulated cell death that can be ignited by a number of specific death receptors,such as FAS,tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),or pathogen recognition *** cell death subroutine is involved in the response to stress and in homeostatic functions,such as the maintenance of adult T-cell balance(Galluzzi et al.,2018).Dead receptor activation leads to the recruitment of protein complexes that act as nodes of signaling that can elicit different pathways driving to death or survival,depending on the cell conditions.

关键词： death cerebral ischemia

Neurodevelopmental disorders:An innovative perspective via the response to intervention model

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第11期11卷 1017-1026页

作者： Celestino Rodríguez Debora Areces Trinidad García Marisol Cueli paloma Gonzalez-Castro Department of Psychology University of OviedoOviedo 33003AsturiasSpain

Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of conditions classified together by the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders which include intellectual disability,communication disorders,autism spectrum disorder,attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,specific learning disorder(SLD),and motor *** is present in many students,who exhibit significant difficulties in the acquisition of reading,written expression,and mathematics,mostly due to problems with executive functions(EF).The present study is a review of the current situation of neurodevelopmental disorders and SLD focusing on the benefits of the response to intervention model(RtI),which allows the combination of evaluation and intervention *** also addresses the key role of *** importance of adapting RtI to new possibilities such as the use of virtual reality is discussed and a theoretical framework for carrying that out is provided.

关键词： Neurodevelopmental disorders Specific learning disorder Response to intervention model Virtual reality

Post-translational modifications of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 in colorectal cancer:An update

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第48期24卷 5454-5461页

作者： Rafael I Jaén Patricia Prieto Marta Casado paloma Martín-Sanz Lisardo Boscá Department of Metabolism and Physiopathology of Inflammatory Diseases Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM) Department of Biomedicine Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC) Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares y Hepáticas y DigestivasISCⅢ Unidad Asociada IIBMULPGC Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC)

The biosynthesis of prostanoids is involved in both physiological and pathological processes. The expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2; also known as COX-2) has been traditionally associated to the onset of several pathologies, from inflammation to cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and oncologic events. For this reason, the search of selective PTGS2 inhibitors has been a focus for therapeutic interventions. In addition to the classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, selective and specific PTGS2 inhibitors, termed coxibs, have been generated and widely used. PTGS2 activity is less restrictive in terms of substrate specificity than the homeostatic counterpart PTGS1, and it accounts for the elevated prostanoid synthesis that accompanies several pathologies. The main regulation of PTGS2 occurs at the transcription level. In addition to this, the stability of the mRNA is finely regulated through the interaction with several cytoplasmic elements, ranging from specificmicroR NAs to proteins that control mR NA degradation. Moreover, the protein has been recognized to be the substrate for several post-translational modifications that affect both the enzyme activity and the targeting for degradation via proteasomal and non-proteasomal mechanisms. Among these modifications, phosphorylation, glycosylation and covalent modifications by reactive lipidic intermediates and by free radicals associated to the proinflammatory condition appear to be the main changes. Identification of these post-translational modifications is relevant to better understand the role of PTGS2 in several pathologies and to establish a correct analysis of the potential function of this protein in diseases progress. Finally, these modifications can be used as biomarkers to establish correlations with other parameters, including the immunomodulation dependent on molecular pathological epidemiology determinants, which may provide a better frame for potential therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Prostaglandins Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 Post-translational modifications Glycosylation Colorectal cancer Inflammation

Wireless capsule endoscopy: Perspectives beyond gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15664-15673页

作者： Eduardo Redondo-Cerezo Antonio Damián Sánchez-Capilla paloma De La Torre-Rubio Javier De Teresa Endoscopy Unit Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Virgen de Las Nieves Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Virgen de Las Nieves

Wireless capsule endoscopy(CE) is a technology developed for the endoscopic exploration of the small bowel. The first capsule model was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2001, and its first and essential indication was occult gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding. Over subsequent years, this technology has been refined to provide superior resolution, increased battery life, and capabilities to view different parts of the GI tract. Indeed, cases for which CE proved useful have increased significantly over the last few years, with new indications for the small bowel and technical improvements that have expanded its use to other parts of the GI tract, including the esophagus and colon. The main challenges in the development of CE are new devices with the ability to provide therapy, air inflation for a better vision of the small bowel, biopsy sampling systems attached to the capsule and the possibility to guide and move the capsule with an external motion control. In this article we review the current and new indications of CE, and the evolving technological changes shaping this technology, which has a promising potential in the coming future of gastroenterology.

关键词： Wireless capsule endoscopy Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding Small bowel tumors Colon capsule endoscopy Esophageal capsule endoscopy

Short and long term corneal biomechanical analysis after overnight orthokeratology

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1128-1134页

作者： Amelia Nieto-Bona paloma Porras-Ángel Adela Elena Ayllón-Gordillo Gonzalo Carracedo David P Piñero Department of Optometry&Vision Optics and Optometry FacultyComplutense University of MadridMadrid 28037Spain Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicante 03690Spain

AIM: To investigate the short and long term corneal biomechanical changes after overnight orthokeratology(OK) and compare them with those occurring in subjects not wearing contact ***: Retrospective case control study enrolling 54 subjects that were divided into three groups 18 subjects each: control group(CG), short term(15 nights) OK(STOK) group, and long term(more than 1 y of OK wear) OK(LTOK) group. Corneal biomechanics were characterized using the Cor Vis? ST system(Oculus), recording parameters such as time [first/second applanation time(AT1, AT2)], speed [velocity of corneal apex at the first/second applanation time(AV1, AV2)], and amplitude of deformation(AD1, AD2) in the first and second corneal flattening, corneal stiffness(SPA1), biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure(b IOP) and corneal(CBI) and tomographic biomechanical indices(TBI).RESULTS: Significantly lower AD1 and standard deviate on of Ambrosio’s relational average thickness related to the horizontal profile(ARTh) values were found in the OK groups compared to CG(P<0.05). Likewise, significantly higher values of CBI were found in STOK and LTOK groups compared to CG(P<0.01). No significant differences between groups were found in integrated radius index(P=0.24), strain stress index(P=0.22), tomographic biomechanical index(P=0.91) and corneal stif fness parameter(SPA1, P=0.97). Significant inverse correlations were found between corneal thickness and CBI in STOK(r=-0.90, P<0.01) and LTOK groups(r=-0.71, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: OK does not seem to alter significantly the corneal biomechanical properties, but special care should be taken when analyzing biomechanical parameters influenced by corneal thickness such as amplitude of deformation, ARTh or CBI, because they change significantly after treatment but mainly due to the reduction and pachymetric progression induced by the corneal molding secondary to OK treatment.

关键词： overnight orthokeratology corneal biomechanics pachymetry corneal biomechanical index CorVis?ST tomographic biomechanical index

Effects of asymmetric dimethylarginine on renal arteries in portal hypertension and cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第48期22卷 10545-10556页

作者： Gloria Segarra Belén Cortina María Dolores Mauricio Susana Novella paloma Lluch Javier Navarrete-Navarro Inmaculada Noguera Pascual Medina Department of Physiology University of Valencia and Institute of Health Research INCLIVAHospital Clínico Universitario Valencia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Institute of Health Research INCLIVA Hospital Clínico Universitario Valencia

AIM To evaluate the effects of asymmetric dimethylarginine(ADMA) in renal arteries from portal hypertensive and cirrhotic *** Rat renal arteries from Sham(n = 15), pre-hepatic portal hypertension(PPVL; n = 15) and bile duct ligation and excision-induced cirrhosis(BDL; n = 15) were precontracted with norepinephrine, and additional contractions were induced with ADMA(10-6-10-3 mol/L), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide(NO) synthase. Concentration-response curves to acetylcholine(1 × 10-9^(-3) × 10^(-6) mol/L) were determined in precontractedrenal artery segments with norepinephrine in the absence and in the presence of ADMA. Kidneys were collected to determine the protein expression and activity of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase(DDAH), an enzyme that catabolizes ADMA. RESULTS In renal arteries precontracted with norepinephrine, ADMA caused endothelium-dependent contractions. The pD 2 values to ADMA were similar in the Sham and PPVL groups(4.20 ± 0.08 and 4.11 ± 0.09, P > 0.05, respectively), but were lower than those of the BDL group(4.79 ± 0.16, P < 0.05). Acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation that did not differ, in terms of p D2 and maximal relaxation, among the 3 groups studied. Treatment with ADMA(3 × 10^(-4) mol/L) inhibited acetylcholine-induced relaxation in the 3 groups, but the inhibition was higher(P < 0.05) in the BDL group compared with that for the Sham and PPVL groups. The m RNA and protein expression of DDAH-1 were similar in kidneys from the three groups. Conversely, DDAH-2 expression was increased(P < 0.05) in PPVL and further enhanced(P < 0.05) in the BDL group. However, renal DDAH activity was significantly decreased in the BDL group. CONCLUSION Cirrhosis increased the inhibitory effect of ADMA on basal- and induced-release of NO in renal arteries, and decreased DDAH activity in the kidney.

关键词： Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Nitric oxide Asymmetric dimethylarginine Nitric oxide inhibitors Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase