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Colorectal cancer diagnosis: Pitfalls and opportunities

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第12期7卷 422-433页

作者： pablo Vega Fátima Valentín Joaquín Cubiella Department of Gastroenterology Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a major health problem in the Western world. The diagnostic process is a challenge in all health systems for many reasons: There are often no specific symptoms; lower abdominal symptoms are very common and mostly related to nonneoplastic diseases, not CRC; diagnosis of CRC is mainlybased on colonoscopy, an invasive procedure; and the resource for diagnosis is usually scarce. Furthermore, the available predictive models for CRC are based on the evaluation of symptoms, and their diagnostic accuracy is limited. Moreover, diagnosis is a complex process involving a sequence of events related to the patient, the initial consulting physician and the health system. Understanding this process is the first step in identifying avoidable factors and reducing the effects of diagnostic delay on the prognosis of CRC. In this article, we describe the predictive value of symptoms for CRC detection. We summarize the available evidence concerning the diagnostic process, as well as the factors implicated in its delay and the methods proposed to reduce it. We describe the different prioritization criteria and predictive models for CRC detection, specifically addressing the two-week wait referral guideline from the National Institute of Clinical Excellence in terms of efficacy, efficiency and diagnostic accuracy. Finally, we collected information on the usefulness of biomarkers, specifically the faecal immunochemical test, as non-invasive diagnostic tests for CRC detection in symptomatic patients.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colonoscopy Primary health care

A Non-Destructive Time Series Model for the Estimation of Cherry Coffee Production

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 4725-4743页

作者： Jhonn pablo Rodríguez David Griol Zoraida Callejas Juan Carlos Corrales Telematics Engineering Group University of CaucaPopayán190002Colombia INRAE University of ToulouseUMR 1248 AGIRF-31326Castanet TolosanFrance Department of Software Engineering University of GranadaGranada18071Spain

Coffee plays a key role in the generation of rural employment in *** than 785,000 workers are directly employed in this activity,which represents the 26%of all jobs in the agricultural *** coffee growers estimate the production of cherry coffee with the main aim of planning the required activities,and resources(number of workers,required infrastructures),anticipating negotiations,estimating,price,and foreseeing losses of coffee production in a specific *** important processes can be affected by several factors that are not easy to predict(e.g.,weather variability,diseases,or plagues.).In this paper,we propose a non-destructive time series model,based on weather and crop management information,that estimate coffee production allowing coffee growers to improve their management of agricultural activities such as flowering calendars,harvesting seasons,definition of irrigation methods,nutrition calendars,and programming the times of concentration of production to define the amount of personnel needed for *** combination of time series and machine learning algorithms based on regression trees(XGBOOST,TR and RF)provides very positive results for the test dataset collected in real conditions for more than a *** best results were obtained by the XGBOOST model(MAE=0.03;RMSE=0.01),and a difference of approximately 0.57%absolute to the main harvest of 2018.

关键词： Cherry coffee production estimation learner approaches time series weather data crop management data

Control-based Fault Current Limiter for Minimizing Impact of Distributed Generation Units on Protection Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第2期11卷 643-650页

作者： pablo E.Muñoz Ricardo J.Mantz Sergio A.González Instituto LEICI UNLPCONICETLa Plata 1900La PlataArgentina Commission of Scientific Researches of the Buenos Aires Province(CICpBA) La PlataArgentina

Distributed generation units(DGUs)bring some problems to the existing protection system,such as those associated with protection blinding and sympathetic *** is known that fault current limiters(FCLs)help minimize the negative impact of DGUs on the protection *** this paper,a control-based FCL is proposed,i.e.,the FCL is integrated into the DGU control *** this end,a predictive control strategy with fault current limitation is *** this way,a DGU is controlled,not only for power exchange with the power grid but also to limit its fault current *** proposal is posed as a constrained optimization problem allowing taking into account the current limit explicitly in the design process as a closed-loop solution.A linear approximation is proposed to cope with the inherent nonlinear *** proposal does not require incorporating extra equipment or mechanisms in the control loop,making the design process *** evaluate the proposed control-based FCL,both protection blinding and sympathetic tripping scenarios are *** control confines the DGU currents within the constraints quickly,avoiding large transient ***,the impact on the protection system is reduced without the necessity that the DGU goes out of service.

关键词： Distributed generation distribution network protection power electronic converter fault current limiter model-based predictive controller

Response to lipopolysaccharide in Octodon degus pups produces age-related sickness behavior but does not have effects in juveniles

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第3期14卷 235-247页

作者： Natalia RAMIREZ-OTAROLA Janyra ESPINOZA Alexis M.KALERGIS pablo SABAT Department of Ecological Sciences Science FacultyUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Millennium Institute Immunology and Immunotherapy Departamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile Departamento de Endocrinología Facultad de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile Department of Ecology Center of Applied Ecology&SustainabilityBiological Sciences FacultyPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile

During vertebrate development,the immune function is inefficient and is mainly controlled by innate *** there have been detailed studies of various aspects of innate immune function,the effects of this function in the growth of vertebrates is still not well ***,there is little information regarding how early endotoxin exposure would affect juvenile phenotypes,specifically in a non-model mammal like a precocial *** evaluated the response to an antigen and its cost in offspring of the rodent Octodon *** inoculated pups at 4 different ages(8,15,22 and 30 days after birth)with an antigen to determine the ontogeny and costs of the response to an *** assessed changes in body mass,body temperature,sickness behavior and the levels of a key mediator of the inflammatory response,the cytokine interleukin-1β.We also determined the effects of early endotoxin exposure on the resting metabolic rate of juvenile animals(i.e.90 days after birth).The cytokine levels,body mass and body temperature were unaffected by time of inoculation and ***,pups subjected to inoculation at 22 days after birth with the antigen showed reduced loco*** resting metabolic rate was not affected by early endotoxin *** results suggest that the magnitude of *** responses would not change with *** discuss whether the lack of effect of the response on body mass or body condition is caused by environmental variables or by the precocial characteristics of ***.

关键词： acute phase response ecoimmunology lipopolysaccharide precocial sickness behavior

Heart failure in the elderly

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第3期18卷 219-232页

作者： pablo Díez-Villanueva César Jiménez-Méndez Fernando Alfonso Cardiology Department Hospital Universitario La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCIBER-CVMadridSpain

Heart failure(HF)is a clinical syndrome caused by structural and/or functional cardiac abnormalities,resulting in a reduced cardiac output and/or elevated intracardiac filling pressures at rest or during *** is a major public health problem with high prevalence and incidence,involving both high morbidity and mortality,but also high economic *** incidence of HF progressively increases with age,reaching around 20%among people over 75 years ***,HF represents the leading cause of hospitalization in patients older than 65 years in Western ***,some authors even consider HF a geriatric syndrome,entailing worse prognosis and high residual disability,and often associating some complex comorbidities,common in older population,that may further complicate the course of the *** the other hand,however,clinical course and prognosis may be often difficult to *** this article,main pathophysiological issues related to the aging heart are addressed,together with key aspects related to both diagnosis and prognosis in elderly patients with ***,main geriatric conditions,common in the elderly population,are reviewed,highlighting the importance of a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach.

关键词： diagnosis elevated mortality

Impact of source tissue and ex vivo expansion on the characterization of goat mesenchymal stem cells

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 230-251页

作者： Nuradilla Mohamad-Fauzi pablo J Ross Elizabeth A Maga James D Murray Department of Animal Science University of California Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Malaya Department of Population Health and Reproduction University of California

Background： There is considerable interest in using goats as models for genetically engineering dairy animals and also for using stem cells as therapeutics for bone and cartilage repair. Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） have been isolated and characterized from various species, but are poorly characterized in goats. Results： Goat MSCs isolated from bone marrow （BM-MSCs） and adipose tissue （ASCs） have the ability to undergo osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Cytochemical staining and gene expression analysis show that ASCs have a greater capacity for adipogenic differentiation compared to BM-MSCs and fibroblasts. Different methods of inducing adipogenesis also affect the extent and profile of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs. Goat fibroblasts were not capable of osteogenesis, hence distinguishing them from the MSCs. Goat MSCs and fibroblasts express CD90, CD105, CD73 but not CD45, and exhibit cytoplasmic localization of OCT4 protein. Goat MSCs can be stably transfected by Nucleofection, but, as evidenced by colony-forming efficiency （CFE）, yield significantly different levels of progenitor cells that are robust enough to proliferate into colonies of integrants following G418 selection. BM-MSCs expanded over increasing passages in vitro maintained karyotypic stability up to 20 passages in culture, exhibited an increase in adipogenic differentiation and CFE, but showed altered morphology and amenability to genetic modification by selection. Conclusions： Our findings provide characterization information on goat MSCs, and show that there can be significant differences between MSCs isolated from different tissues and from within the same tissue. Fibroblasts do not exhibit trilineage differentiation potential at the same capacity as MSCs, making it a more reliable method for distinguishing MSCs from fibroblasts, compared to cell surface marker expression.

关键词： Adipose Bone marrow Characterization Differentiation Goat Mesenchymal stem cells

Mutated trimeric RBD vaccines:a platform against variants of concern

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第5期8卷 2038-2040页

作者： Belén Aparicio Juan J.Lasarte pablo Sarobe Programa de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada(CIMACCUN)Universidad de NavarraPamplona31008Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas(CIBEREHD) Pamplona31008Spain IdiSNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de NavarraPamplona31008Spain

He et *** reported in Nature Communications1 the development of a protein vaccine against SASR-CoV-2 Omicron variant consisting of a trimer of the spike protein receptor-binding domain(RBD)of the Delta variant fused to heptad-repeat sequences 1 and *** vaccine induced broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies and fully protected mice and non-human primates against challenge with live Delta and Omicron virus.

关键词： vaccine vaccines

Galápagos land iguana(Conolophus subcristatus)as a seed disperser

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第3期11卷 207-213页

作者： Anna TRAVESET Manuel NOGALES pablo VARGAS Beatriz RUMEU Jens M.OLESEN Esporles Mallorca 07190Balearic IslandsSpain Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group(CSIC-IPNA) Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología38206 TenerifeCanary IslandsSpain Real Jardín Botánico(CSIC-RJB) Department of Biodiversity and ConservationPlaza de Murillo 228014 MadridSpain Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCalçada Martim de FreitasCoimbra 3000-456Portugal Institute of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark and 6Charles Darwin FoundationPuerto AyoraSanta CruzGalápagosQuitoEcuador

The role of the most common land iguana(Conolophus subcristatus)in the Galápagos Islands as an effective seed disperser is explored in this study.A total of 5705 seeds of 32 plant species were identified from 160 scats,4545 of which(80%)appeared visually *** trials of 849 seeds from 29 species revealed that at least 10 species remained viable after passing through the iguana’s gut,although only a small proportion of those seeds(4%)*** any case,we argue that *** exerts an important role on the 7 Galapagos islands where it occurs because of its abundance and capacity to ingest and disperse seeds at long *** results strongly suggest that the Galápagos *** plays an important role as a seed disperser of not only of native species but also some introduced plants in the Galápagos Islands.

关键词： Conolophus subcristatus Fernandina Island Galápagos Islands Saurochory seed dispersal

Description of the immature stages of a rare Andean paramo butterfly Lymanopoda caracara Pyrcz, Willmott & J. Hall, 1999(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2019年第4期44卷 316-324页

作者： pablo Padron Pierre Boyer Ariana Velez Tomasz Pyrcz Laboratono de Entomologia de la Universidad del Azuay Cuenca01.01.981Ecuador McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural HistoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL USA 7 Lotissement l'Horizon13610 Le Puy Sainte ReparadeFrance Entomology Department Institute of Zoology and Biomedical ResearchJagiellonian Universityul.Gronostajowa 930-387 KrakowPoland Nature Education Centre Jagiellonian Universityul.Gronostajowa 530-387 KrakowPoland

Immature stages of Lymanopoda caracara Pyrcz,Willmott&Hall,an endemic butterfly from the paramo life zone in the Andes of Ecuador,are described and compared with those of *** Adams from *** morphology is illustrated for four *** of head chaetotaxy and setal maps are provided for the first time for the *** host plant is identified as a dwarf bamboo Chusquea villosa(Clark)(Poaceae).Striking individual variation among adults of *** is discussed.

关键词： Caterpillar Neotropic chaetotaxy Satyrinae