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A One-Health Sampling Strategy to Explore the Dissemination and Relationship between Colistin Resistance in Human,Animal,and Environmental Sectors in Laos

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Engineering 2022年第8期8卷 45-56页

作者： Yuqing Zhou Refath Farzana Somsavanh Sihalath Sayaphet Rattanavong Manivanh Vongsouvath Mayfong Mayxay Kirsty Sands paul N.Newton David A.b.Dance brekhna Hassan Timothy R.Walsh Department of Zoology University of OxfordOxford OX13SZUK Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research(IOI) University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Department of Medical Microbiology Institute of Infection and ImmunitySchool of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144XNUK Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit Microbiology LaboratoryMahosot HospitalVientiane PO Box 292Lao PDR Centre for Tropical Medicine&Global Health Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX37BNUK Institute of Research and Education Development University of Health SciencesVientiane PO Box 7444Lao PDR Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK

This study was designed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of mobile colistin resistance(mcr)using a"One-Health"approach in Laos and to predict whether any dominant plasmid backbone and/or strain type influences the dissemination of *** collected 673 samples from humans(rectal normal flora),poultry,and the environment(water,flies,birds,etc.)in Vientiane,Lao People’s Democratic Republic(Laos),from May to September 2018.A total of 238 Escherichia coli(***)isolated from nonduplicative samples,consisting of 98 MCR-positive ***(MCRPEC)("mcr"denotes the gene encoding mobile colistin resistance,and"MCR"denotes the subsequent protein encoded by mcr)and 140 MCRnegative ***(MCRNEC),were characterized by phenotype and Illumina sequencing.A subset of MCRPEC was selected for Min ION sequencing,conjugation assay,plasmid stability,and growth kinetics in *** prevalence of MCRPEC was found to be 14.6%(98/673),with the highest prevalence in human rectal swabs(45.9%(45/98),pbution of MCRPEC among diverse clonal *** putative plasmid Inc types associated with mcr-1 were Inc X4,Inc HI2,Inc P1,Inc I2,and Inc FIA,and those associated with mcr-3 were Inc FII,Inc FIA,Inc FIb,Inc P1,and Inc *** of highly similar plasmids from both flies and other sampling sectors implied the role of flies in the dissemination of ***-positive plasmids were shown to be conjugative,and a significantly high transfer rate into a hypervirulent clone ST1193 was *** containing mcr irrespective of Inc type w

关键词： Colistin resistance mcr Escherichia coli Laos Horizontal transmission

Transition of Liesegang Precipitation Systems: Simulations with an Adaptive Grid PDE Method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第9期10卷 867-881页

作者： paul A.Zegeling Istvan Lagzi Ferenc Izsak Department of Mathematics Utrecht UniversityP.O.Box 800103508 TA UtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Meteorology Eotvos UniversityH-1117 BudapestPazmany setany 1/AHungary Department of Applied Analysis and Computational Mathematics Eotvos UniversityH-1117 BudapestPazmany setany 1/CHungary Department of Applied Mathematics University of TwenteP.O.Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands.

The dynamics of the Liesegang type pattern formation is investigated in a centrally symmetric two-dimensional *** to the observations in real experiments,the qualitative change of the dynamics is exhibited for slightly different initial *** kinds of chemical mechanisms are studied;in both cases the pattern formation is described using a phase separation model including the CahnHilliard *** the numerical simulations we make use of an adaptive grid PDE method,which successfully deals with the computationally critical cases such as steep gradients in the concentration distribution and investigation of long time *** numerical simulations show a good agreement with the real experiments.

关键词： Liesegang phenomenon numerical simulations adaptive grid technique

Entecavir as treatment for reactivation of hepatitis b in immunosuppressed patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5447-5451页

作者： Sylvia brost paul Schnitzler Wolfgang Stremmel Christoph Eisenbach Department of Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases University of Heidelberg Department of Infectious Diseases Virology University of Heidelberg

AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of entecavir (ETV) as first-line therapy for hepatitis b virus (HbV) reactivation due to immunosuppression. METHODS: Four patients that were treated with different immunosuppressive regimens for hematological malignancies, who presented with HbV reactivation were treated with ETV. Clinical outcome, biochemical and virological factors, including quantitative hepatitis b surface antigen (HbsAg) were studied. RESULTS: In all patients, ETV induced suppression of HbV, and rapid clinical improvement without side effects. In one patient with an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flare, tenofovir was added after 3 mo of treatment. Until death from disease progression at 6 mo after treatment initiation, this patient did not clear HbV infection. Retrospectively, it is highly probable that thepatient had been non-adherent. In the other three patients, the virological responses were associated with an expeditious decrease in quantitative HbsAg titers with negativity after 2 mo, and all three had HbsAg seroconversion. In one patient, HbV DNA reached a plateau after 3 mo, before becoming undetectable after 1 year, despite early ALT normalization and undetectable quantitative HbsAg. CONCLUSION: ETV seems to be effective and safe treatment for HbV reactivation. Monitoring of quantitative HbsAg might be an additional useful tool to monitor treatment response.

关键词： Hepatitis b virus Entecavir Immunosuppression Hepatitis b surface antigen Seroconversion

Norian(Late Triassic) conodonts from the Raohe area， Heilongjiang， Northeastern China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Xianlang Wu paul b.Wignall Xulong Lai Yan Chen Jinling Yuan Guiyue Luo Haishui Jiang State Key Laboratory of biogeology and Environmental Geology， School of Earth Sciences， China University of Geosciences School of Earth and Environment， University of Leeds Hubei Institute of Geosciences

The Raohe area of Heilongjiang Province， Northeast China belongs to the Nadanhada Terrane， which was in low latitudes of Panthalassa during the Triassic. The composition of the Late Triassic conodont fauna， derived from limestone lenses interpreted to be formed on seamounts， provides important new information on the pelagic biota in this ocean. New conodont samples collected from sections at Minzhu， Minnan and Chigangbei belong to three Norian conodont zones. In ascending order， they are: Mockina postera Zone， Mockina bidentata Zone and Parvigondolella andrusovi Zone. The Norian conodont fauna in the Raohe area has distinct attributes: there are a lot of cosmopolitan species (e.g. Mockina postera， Mockina bidentata， Parvigondolella andrusovi) which enable good global correlation; endemic conodont species are also present， (e.g. Mockina sakurae， Mockina shamiseni， Norigondolella nadanhadaensis) indicating that Panthalassa Ocean conodont populations also contains unique taxa; and some conodonts belong to taxa with much shorter ranges in surrounding epeiric seas (e.g. Carnepigondolella pseudoechinata， Neocavitella cavitata and Epigondolella vialovi). The presence of the latter “relicts” indicates that the seamounts were persistently suitable habitats for many millions of years in the Late Triassic.

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氨基酸在北美家禽饲料中的使用

中国家禽 2008年第1期30卷 44-45页

作者： paul b.Tillman 石敏

L-赖氨酸在北美市场中得到了广泛地使用，使用率已突破90％。L-苏氨酸也正在被迅速地使用，2000～2006年北美市场份额大量增长，味之素占北美及全球市场份额的70％。2004～2006年，北美洲家禽饲料中苏氨酸的使用增长率达到127．5％．

关键词：北美市场家禽饲料氨基酸 L-苏氨酸市场份额 L-赖氨酸使用率增长率

Species Concepts as Applied to the Whitefly bemisia tabaci Systematics:How Many Species Are There?

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 176-186页

作者： LIU Shu-sheng John Colvin paul J De barro Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology Ministry of Agriculture~Institute of lnsect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich Kent ME4 4TB United Kingdom CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia

The worldwide distribution and extensive genetic diversity of the whitefly,bemisia tabaci,has long been ***,the levels of separation within *** and the nomenclature of the various genetic groups have been a subject of *** phylogenetic analyses indicate that *** is a complex composed of 28 morphologically indistinguishable *** this article,we first review the debate and difficulties associated with ***＇s taxonomy and systematics,and argue for the need to apply the biological species concept in order to elucidate ***＇s *** summarize the accumulated genetic and behavioural data on reproductive incompatibilities evident amongst phylogenetic mtCOI groups of *** studies have been conducted with 14 of the 28 putative species covering 54 reciprocal inter-species pairs,and observations on mating behaviour have been conducted for seven species *** from both crossing trials and behavioural observations indicate a consistent pattern of reproductive isolation among the putative *** then discuss the technical and conceptual complexities associated with crossing experiments and behavioural observations designed to reveal reproductive ***,we elaborate on a strategy for further clarifying the pattern of reproductive isolation between *** groups and propose future research directions on the systematics of this complex.

关键词： whitefly systematics biological species cryptic species phylogenetic species reproductive isolation mating behavior taxonomy

FAIR Data Reuse-the Path through Data Citation

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 78-86,305页

作者： paul Groth Helena Cousijn Tim Clark Carole Goble Informatics Institute University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1090 GHThe Netherlands DataCite Welfengarten 1BHannover 30167Germany Data Science Institute University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22903-1738USA Department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK

One of the key goals of the FAIR guiding principles is defined by its final principle-to optimize data sets for reuse by both humans and *** do so,data providers need to implement and support consistent machine readable metadata to describe their data *** can seem like a daunting task for data providers,whether it is determining what level of detail should be provided in the provenance metadata or figuring out what common shared vocabularies should be ***,for existing data sets it is often unclear what steps should be taken to enable maximal,appropriate *** citation already plays an important role in making data findable and accessible,providing persistent and unique identifiers plus metadata on over 16 million data *** this paper,we discuss how data citation and its underlying infrastructures,in particular associated metadata,provide an important pathway for enabling FAIR data reuse.

关键词： FAIR data Data citation Research objects Data provenance

Mapping the multi-hazards risk index for coastal block of Sundarban,India using AHP and machine learning algorithms

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2022年第4期11卷 225-243页

作者： Pintu Mandal Arabinda Maiti Sayantani paul Subhasis bhattacharya Suman paul Dept.of Geography Sidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityPuruliaW.B.India Dept.of Geography Vidyasagar UniversityMedinipurW.B.India Dept.of Economics Calcutta UniversityKolkataW.B.India Dept.of Economics Sidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityPuruliaW.B.India

Global climate change,climate extremes,and overuse of natural resources are all major contributors to the risk brought on by *** I West bengal state of India,the Pathar Pratima block frequently experiences a variety of risks that result in significant loss of life and *** order to govern coastal society,it is crucial to measure and map the multi-hazards risk *** depict the multi-hazards vulnerability and risk status,no cutting-edge models are currently being *** distinct physical vulnerabilities is possible using a variety of cutting-edge machine learning *** study set out to precisely describe multi-hazard risk using powerful machine learning *** study involved the use of Analytic Hierarchical Analysis and two cutting-edge machine-learning algorithms-Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network,which are yet underutilized in this *** multi-hazards risk was determined by taking into account six *** southern and eastern regions of the research area are clearly identified by the multi-hazards risk maps as having high to extremely high hazards risk *** hazards and embankment breaching are the main dominant factors among the *** machine learning approach is the most accurate model for mapping the multi-hazards risk where the ROC result of Random forest and artificial neural network is more than the conventional method *** RF is the most validated model than the other *** effectiveness,root mean square error,true skill statistics,Friedman and Wilcoxon rank test,and area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic tests were used to evaluate the prediction capacity of newly constructed *** RMSE values of 0.24 and 0.26,TSS values of 0.82 and 0.73,and AUC values of 88.20%and 89.10%as produced by RF and ANN models,respectively,were all excellent.

关键词： Cyclone Livelihood Multi-hazards Risk Machine-learning

<i>Vernonia amygdalina</i>—Induced Growth Arrest and Apoptosis of breast Cancer (MCF-7) Cells

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第1期4卷 93-99页

作者： Clement G. Yedjou Ernest b. Izevbigie paul b. Tchounwou Cellomics and Toxicogenomics Research Laboratory NIH-RCMI Center for Environmental Health Jackson State University Jackson USA Laboratory of Cellular Signalling Phytoceuticals Cancer Prevention and Therapies College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University Jackson USA

breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths of women in the United States. Fortunately, the mortality rate from breast cancer has decreased in recent years due to an increased emphasis on early detection and more effective treatments. Although great advancements have been made in the treatment and control of cancer progression, significant deficiencies and room for improvement remain. The central objective of this research was to further determine the in vitro mechanisms of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leaf extracts as an anticancer candidate for the treatment of breast cancer. To achieve our objective, MCF-7 cells were treated with different concentrations of VA for 24 hand 48 h. Cell viability, live and dead cells were determined by the means of trypan blue exclusion test. Live and dead cells were further evaluated by propidium iodine (PI) assay using the Cellometer Vision. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry assessment using annexin V/PI kit. Data obtained from the trypan blue test demonstrated that VA treatment reduces cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Result of the PI assay showed a gradual increase in the population of necrotic cells (fluorescence positive cells) in VA-treated cells compared to the control cells (fluorescence negative cells). Treatment of these cancer cells (MCF-7) for 48 h at concentrations ranging from 250 μg/mL to 1000 μg/mL caused early signs of apoptosis resulting from phosphatidylserine externalization as judged by annexin V assay. We observed a strong concentration-response relationship with regard to VA exposure and annexin V/PI positive cells. In summary, our finding demonstrates that VA-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells involve phosphatidylserine externalization accompanied by secondary necrotic cell death. With previous findings in our laboratory, the data generated in the present study confirms that VA is a valuable botanical therapeutic agent for the treatmen

关键词： Vernonia amygdalina MCF-7 Cells Apoptosis Necrosis Cellometer Imaging