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ULK1 as a novel therapeutic target in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1212-1213页

作者： Björn Friedhelm Vahsen paul Lingor Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of OxfordJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK Department of Neurology University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration(BIN) DFG Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain(CNMPB)University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingen Department of Neurology Rechts der Isar Hospital of the Technical University MunichMunichGermany

Axonal degeneration is an early and key pathophysiological feature of many traumatic and neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system(CNS),such as spinal cord injury(SCI),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).As the regenerative capacity of injured axons is severely restricted in the CNS,axonal degeneration frequently results in the irreversible loss of neuronal connections causing progressive neurological deficits and clinical disability.A better understanding of the mechanisms of axon degeneration is therefore hoped to unravel new therapeutic avenues to combat neurodegeneration(Lingor et al.,2012).

关键词： degeneration therapeutic neurodegeneration

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G~n filling orbicular N-sided holes using periodic B-spline surfaces

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2011年第7期54卷 1383-1394页

作者： paul Jean-Claude School of Software Tsinghua University Key Laboratory for Information System Security Ministry of Education of China Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Institute National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique

The orbicular N -sided hole filling problem is usually introduced by filleting an end-point of a part with large *** existing methods based on quadrilateral partition or constrained-optimization can rarely generate high-order continuous blending surfaces under these *** paper first reparameterizes the boundary of the specified orbicular N -sided hole to ensure the compatibility of neighboring cross-boundary derivatives on the connecting points,preserving their G n *** we compute the control points of the periodic B-spline surface using the sufficient G n continuity condition on the pole and the algorithm of extending parametric *** method generates single blending surface,which can be converted into standard Bspline surface by adding knots without introducing *** only elevates the degree of the boundary by *** construction method is simple and efficient,without iteration nor large-scale matrix *** achieves G n continuity under compatible *** blending examples underline its feasibility and practicability.

关键词： CAD periodic B-spline surface polar coordinates N -sided hole filling G n continuity

Update on the prevention of local recurrence and peritoneal metastases in patients with colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9286-9291页

作者： paul H Sugarbaker Center for Gastrointestinal Malignancies Program in Peritoneal Surface OncologyMedStar Washington Hospital Center

The prevention of a disease process has always been superior to the treatment of the same disease throughout the history of medicine and surgery. Local recurrence and peritoneal metastases occur in approximately 8% of colon cancer patients and 25% of rectal cancer patients and should be prevented. Strategies to prevent colon or rectal cancer local recurrence and peritoneal metastases include cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic perioperative chemotherapy (HIPEC). These strategies can be used at the time of primary colon or rectal cancer resection if the HIPEC is available. At institutions where HIPEC is not available with the treatment of primary malignancy, a proactive second-look surgery is recommended. Several phase II studies strongly support the proactive approach. If peritoneal metastases were treated along with the primary colon resection, 5-year survival was seen and these results were superior to the results of treatment after peritoneal metastases had developed as recurrence. Also, prophylactic HIPEC improved survival with T3/T4 mucinous or signet ring colon cancers. A second-look has been shown to be effective in two published manuscripts. Unpublished data from MedStar Washington Cancer Institute also produced favorable date. Rectal cancer with peritoneal metastases may not be so effectively treated. There are both credits and debits of this proactive approach. Selection factors should be reviewed by the multidisciplinary team for individualized management of patients with or at high risk for peritoneal metastases.

关键词： Peritoneal metastases Carcinomatosis Local recurrence Hyperthermic perioperative chemotherapy Secondary prevention Proactive treatment Mucinous colon cancer Signet ring colon cancer

Development of FBMINC model for particle diffusion in fluids

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2009年第4期24卷 439-454页

作者： paul S ADDISION CardioDigital Ltd Elvingston Science Centre

An accurate particle tracking method using FBMINC (new fractional Brownian motion) is outlined. It generates non-Fickian diffusion rather than Fickian diffusion as traditional particle tracking model does. The FBMINC model is based on fractional Brownian motion (fBm) which is generalization of regular Brownian motion. The two models of fBms (FBM model and FBMINC model) were explored and the differences of the two models are compared from the three aspects: the standard deviation of each step, the small memory and the effect of the number of particles in the cloud. The results show the FBMINC model is a better model as it produces more accurate statistics. The effect of simple shear dispersion for both Brownian and fBm was investigated. The power law scaling of fBm shear dispersion was correctly identified. In addition, a scaling coefficient was found numerically. The FBMINC model is then used for producing both superdiffusive and subdiffusive particle paths, therefore, the non-Fickian diffusion of soil particle clouds can be modelled. The particle clouds represent soil contaminant are released in an idealised coastal bay and the fBm particle tracking method is used for simulation the particle cloud spreading in the bay. There is a noticeable increase in the spreading rate of the cloud. In addition, owning to the spreading rate of the cloud, a noticeable part of it has escaped the bay area and transported downstream. The variation of the Hurst exponent can lead to an area of the flow being affected by a contaminant cloud which is not picked up by the regular Brownian motion models. The purpose of this paper is to bring soil transport engineers a new angle on soil particle transport research in fluids. Using FBMINC particle tracking model allows more flexibility in simulation of diffusion in soil contaminant spread in coastal bay or ocean surface.

关键词： Random walk Fractional Brownian motion Particle tracking Soil contaminant spread

A co-evolving memetic wrapper for prediction of patient outcomes in TCM informatics

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2012年第5期6卷 621-629页

作者： Dion DETTERER paul KWAN Cedric GONDRO School of Science and Technology University of New England Armidale NSW 2351 Australia The Centre for Genetic Analysis and Applications University of New England Armidale NSW 2351 Australia

Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） relies on the combined effects of herbs within prescribed formulae. However, given the combinatorial explosion due to the vast number of herbs available for treatment, the study of these combined effects can become computationally intractable. Thus feature selection has become increasingly crucial as a pre-processing step prior to the study of combined effects in TCM informatics. In accord with this goal, a new feature se- lection algorithm known as a co-evolving memetic wrapper （COW） is proposed in this paper. COW takes advantage of recent research in genetic algorithms （GAs） and memetic al- gorithms （MAs） by evolving appropriate feature subsets for a given domain. Our empirical experiments have demonstrated that COW is capable of selecting subsets of herbs from a TCM insomnia dataset that shows signs of combined effects on the prediction of patient outcomes measured in terms of classification accuracy. We compare the proposed algorithm with results from statistical analysis including main effects and up to three way interaction terms and show that COW is capable of correctly identifying the herbs and herb by herb effects that are significantly associated to patient outcome prediction.

关键词： genetic algorithm memetic algorithm wrapper,feature selection traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) informatics

Tensor perturbations from bounce inflation scenario in f(Q)gravity

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 78-92页

作者： Kun Hu Tanmoy paul Taotao Qiu Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur Department of PhysicsJamshedpur 831014India

In this paper,we construct a bounce inflation cosmological scenario in the framework of the modified symmetric teleparallel gravity,namely f(Q)theory,and investigate the tensor perturbations *** is well-known,the tensor perturbations generated in the very early Universe(inflation and pre-inflation regions)can account for the primordial gravitational waves(PGWs)that are to be detected by the next generation of GW *** discuss the stability condition of the tensor perturbations in the bounce inflation process and investigate in detail the evolution of the perturbation *** general form of the tensor power spectrum is obtained both for large as well as small scale *** a result,we show both kinds of modes(short or long wavelength modes),and the tensor spectrum may get a positive tilt in the parametric range where the tensor perturbation proves to be stable—this interestingly hints an enhancement of gravitational waves’amplitude in the background of the f(Q)bounce-inflation ***,we study the LQC-like scenario as a specific case of our model,in which,the primordial tensor power spectrum turns out to be nearly scale-invariant on both small and large scales.

关键词： bounce cosmology modified gravity cosmological perturbations

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Dual-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor: A Numerical Analysis

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Photonic Sensors 2019年第2期9卷 151-161页

作者： Alok Kumar paul Ajay Krishno SARKAR Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Rajshahi-6204 Bangladesh

A numerical analysis on dual core photonic crystal fiber (DC-PCF) based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) refractive index sensor is presented. The guiding parameters and required sensing performances are examined with finite element method (FEM) based software under MATLAB environment. According to simulation, it is warranted that the proposed refractive index sensor offers the maximum amplitude sensitivity of 554.9 refractive index unit (RIU-1) and 636.5 RIU 1 with the maximum wavelength sensitivity of 5800nm/RIU and 11 500nm/RIU, and the sensor resolutions of 1.72 ×10^-5RIU and 8.7× 10^-6 RIU, at analyte refractive index (RI) of 1.40 for x- and y-polarized modes, respectively. As the sensing performance in different wavelength ranges is quite high, the proposed sensor can be used in simultaneous detection for different wavelength ranges. Therefore, the proposed device is of a suitable platform for detecting biological, chemical, biochemical, and organic chemical analytes.

关键词： Photonic crystal fiber biosensor refractive index sensor finite element method plasmonic material

Identification of herbal medicinal materials using DNA barcodes

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 271-283页

作者： paul Pui-Hay BUT Pang-Chui SHAW School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China(CUHK) Institute of Chinese MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinN.T.Hong KongChina

Herbal medicinal materials have been used worldwide for centuries to maintain health and to treat ***,adulteration of herbal medicines remains a major concern of users and industry for reasons of safety and *** of herbal medicinal materials by DNA technology has been widely applied,started from the *** recent years,DNA barcoding of global plant species using four standard barcodes(rbcL,matK,trnH-psbA and ITS) has been a major focus in the fields of biodiversity and *** DNA barcodes can also be used as reliable tools to facilitate the identification of herbal medicinal materials for the safe use of herbs,quality control,and forensic *** studies have applied these DNA barcodes for the identification of herbal medicinal species and their *** present article reviews efforts in the identification of herbal medicinal materials using the standard DNA barcodes and other DNA sequence-based markers.

关键词： DNA barcode herbal medicinal materials internal transcribed spacer(ITS) matK molecular identification rbcL trnH-psbA.

Pathobiology of the neutrophil-intestinal epithelial cell interaction:Role in carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第46期16卷 5790-5800页

作者： paul M Hofman Laboratory of Clinical Experimental PathologyHuman BiobankUniversity of Nice Sophia Antipolis

The role of chronic inflammation,acting as an independent factor,on the onset of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis is now well ***,even if there is an increase in the number of elements directly involving polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL),as a major actor in digestive carcinogenesis,the different cellular and molecular events occurring in this process are still not completely *** transepithelial migration of PMNL,which is the ultimate step of the afflux of PMNL into the digestive mucosa,is a complex phenomenon involving sequential interaction of molecules expressed both on PMNL and on digestive epithelial *** inflammatory areas rich in PMNL [so-called (chronic active inflammation)] and iterative transepithelial migration of PMNL certainly evoke intracellular signals,which lead toward progressive transformation of *** these different signals,the mutagenic effect of reactive oxygen species and nitrates,the activation of the nuclear factor-κB pathway,and the modulation of expression of certain microRNA are key *** the initiation of carcinogenesis,PMNL are involved in the progression and invasion of digestive carcinomas,with which they *** is noteworthy that different subpopulations of PMNL,which can have some opposite effects on tumor growth,in association with different levels of transforming growth factor-β and with the number of CD8 positive T lymphocytes,could be present during the development of digestive *** factors that involve PMNL,such as massive elastase release,and the production of angiogenic factors,can participate in the progression of neoplastic cells through *** may play a major role in the onset of metastases,since they allow the tumor cells to cross the endothelial barrier and to migrate into the blood ***,PMNL play a role,alone or in association with other cell parameters,in the initiation,promotion,progression and dissemination of digestive carcinomas.

关键词： Neutrophils Intestinal epithelial cells Carcinogenesis Cytokines Nuclear factor-κB pathway MicroRNA Reactive oxygen species