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Physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various farming systems of cold arid region in Balochistan,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2618-2630页

作者： KHAN Mehmood GUL Shamim KAKAR Hidayatullah panezai sanaullah KHAN Nayab ZIAD Tariq NASEEM Mahrukh SHAHEEN Umbreen Department of Botany University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111 Lakeshore Road Ste.Anne de BellevueQuébec H9X 3V9Canada Directorate of Agriculture Research Soil and Water TestingAgricultural Research InstituteQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Geography and Regional Planning University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Zoology University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan

Barshore is a small village in the Pishin District,Balochistan,Pakistan,with dry summers and cold rainy *** is an agrarian region,mostly with orchards of various fruit *** study investigated the physico-chemical properties and macrofauna of soils under various agricultural management practices of this *** concentrations of soil organic matter(SOM),soil organic carbon(SOC),nutrients,pH,electrical conductivity,soil texture,and the abundance and number of species of soil macrofauna of the agricultural fields were *** agricultural fields were *** fields were orchards of apple,apricot or the mixture of apple and apricot trees and one field was a cropland,cultivated with wheat as a *** orchards were under conservation agricultural practices;whereas,the cropland was under conventional *** agricultural lands were 2-26 years *** concentration of soil organic matter(SOM)in the upper 0-10 cm depth of these field sites ranged from 11.6 g kg^(-1)to 32.8 g kg^(-1)*** compared to cropland,orchards had significantly higher concentration of SOM and SOC.A total of 18 soil macrofauna species were found and the most common and abundant were ants(Monomorium minimum,Camponotus pennsylvanicus,Solenopsis invicta,and Lasius niger)followed by Arion ssp.(Brown Slug)and earthworm Lumbricus *** analysis revealed non-significant relationship of the age and the concentration of SOM with the number of macrofauna species and with the concentrations of total mineral nitrogen,bioavailable phosphorus and *** existence of ants had no relationship with the concentration of SOM;whereas,existence of Lumbricus terrestris tended to had a positive relationship with the concentration of *** field of tree-based intercropping system was 2 years of age since the land was converted from rangeland to a cropland,had two ant species *** indicates the positive influence of crop diversification on soil

关键词： Soil organic matter Macrofauna Land use history Tree-based intercropping Conservation agriculture

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Care and social support from family and community in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Pakistan

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2019年第4期7卷 24-32页

作者： Shahab E Saqib Mokbul Morshed Ahmad sanaullah panezai Department of Regional and Rural Development Planning Asian Institute of TechnologyBangkokThailand Department of Geography University of BalochistanQuettaPakistan

Objectives This study aimed to validate the Medical Outcome Study-Social Support Survey(MOS-SSS)instrument in Pakistan and to quantify the nature of care and social support currently extended to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)in *** This is a cross-sectional study design conducted within a period of 3 months from 1 November 2016 to 31 January *** A total of 269 patients,registered at 11 TB centres and private clinics,were interviewed through an interviewer-administered *** outcome measures Cronbach’s alpha was used to measure the internal consistency and reliability of the MOS-SSS survey *** and multivariable logistic regressions have been used to explore the association between care and social support,and socioeconomic *** This study validated the use of the MOS-SSS among patients with TB in *** of the study revealed significant differences among the socioeconomic groups of patients in each subscale of social ***,results of logistic regressions showed that patients who were older(adjusted OR=6.17,95%CI 1.55 to 24.59,p≤0.01),male(adjusted OR=2.73,95%CI 1.49 to 4.98,p≤0.01),widow(adjusted OR=0.17,95%CI 0.04 to 0.80,p≤0.05),and had a larger household size(adjusted OR=5.69,95%CI 1.32 to 24.65,p≤0.05),higher monthly income(adjusted OR=2.00,95%CI 1.11 to 3.60,p≤0.05)and house ownership(adjusted OR=1.99,95%CI 1.10 to 3.60,p≤0.05)were significant factors associated with the extent of care and social support that the participants *** To cure TB,this study suggests a coordinated approach that includes not only clinical services to address this issue but also a strong social support system based on family and community necessary throughout the treatment process.

关键词： patients tuberculosis instrument

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