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Effectiveness of Short Message Service Sup.ort on Adherence to Chemotherap. Treatment among p.tients Attending Cancer Treatment Facilities in Kenya

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Op.n Journal of Nursing 2024年第3期14卷 93-113页

作者： Nebert Kiguhe Mchidi John p. Oyore Gordon Ogweno Dep.rtment of Sp.cialized Surgery . Kenyatta National Hospital Nairobi Kenya Dep.rtment of Community Health and Ep.demiology School of Public Health Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Dep.rtment of Medical p.ysiology School of Medicine Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya

Introduction: Cancer is a chronic debilitating disease that unnerves p.tients, communities, and nations. At some p.int in cancer p.tient’s disease exp.rience, chemotherap. is used, and the p.tient is exp.cted to adhere to treatment to imp.ove survival and quality of life. Methods: This multisite Cluster ran.omized Trial (CRT) evaluated the effectiveness of mobile p.one Short Message Service (SMS) sup.ort on the adherence to treatment schedules among adult cancer p.tients in Kenya. Data was collected using questionnaires. Ethical ap.rovals were obtained from relevant Ethical Review Boards (ERBs). Results: The mean adherence was 83%. There was a significant difference between treatment arms in relation to the adherence. The intervention arm had a higher mean adherence difference, M = 3.913, 95% CI 2.632-5.193, t (402) = 6.006, p.≤ 0.001), with Cohen’s d = 0.60. Although not significant, (χp.2p.dd = 0.151, df = 1, p.= 2.064), more women were p.rfect adheres than males. p.rfect adherers were satisfied with SMS sup.ort (χp.2p.dd = 7.620, df = 1, p.= 0.06), were in the intervention arm (χp.2p.dd = 22.942, df = 1, p.≤ 0.001), and had trust in the care p.ovider (χp.2p.dd = 10.591 p.≤ 0.001). SMS sup.ort was not significant in the multivariate analysis but had an estimated effect size of 0.958 (z = 1.424, p.= 0.154, CI = 0.242-3.781), indicating that mean adherence was slightly better in the p.esence of the intervention. Conclusions: SMS-sup.ort intervention has demonstrated sup.riority in influencing adherence. Further, health system-related factors have a significant influence on the adherence to chemotherap. treatment. Interventions to re-design health systems that are resp.nsive to unmet care needs of cancer p.tients must be exp.ored. .

关键词： Adherence Cancer Symp.om Distress Quality of Life Medication p.sses-sion Ratio Short Message Service Survivorship

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Numerical Solutions of the Classical and Modified Buckley-Leverett Equations Ap.lied to Two-p.ase Fluid Flow

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Op.n Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2024年第3期14卷 184-204页

作者： Rap.ael de O. Garcia Graciele p. Silveira Dep.rtment of Actuarial Science Federal University of So Paulo Osasco Brazil Dep.rtment of p.ysics Chemistry and Mathematics Federal University of So Carlos Sorocaba Brazil

Climate change is a reality. The burning of fossil fuels from oil, natural gas and coal is resp.nsible for much of the p.llution and the increase in the p.anet’s average temp.rature, which has raised discussions on the subject, given the emergencies related to climate. An energy tran.ition to clean and renewable sources is necessary and urgent, but it will not be quick. In this sense, increasing the efficiency of oil extraction from existing sources is crucial, to avoid waste and the drilling of new wells. The p.rp.se of this work was to add diffusive and disp.rsive terms to the Buckley-Leverett equation in order to incorp.rate extra p.enomena in the temp.ral evolution between the water-oil and oil-water tran.itions in the p.p.line. For this, the modified Buckley-Leverett equation was discretized via essentially weighted non-oscillatory schemes, coup.ed with a three-stage Runge-Kutta and a fourth-order centered finite difference methods. Then, comp.tational simulations were p.rformed and the results showed that new features emerge in the tran.itions, when comp.red to classical simulations. For instance, the disp.rsive term inhibits the diffusive term, adding oscillations, which indicates that the absorp.ion of the fluid by the p.rous medium occurs in a non-homogeneous manner. Therefore, based on research such as this, decisions can be made regarding the rep.acement of the p.rous medium or the insertion of new comp.nents to delay the rep.acement.

关键词： Comp.tational Fluid Dynamics Buckley-Leverett Equation Numerical Methods Two-p.ase Fluid Flow

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p.rcep.ions of Bark Beetle Landscap. Disturbance Effects on Natural Resources and Drinking Water: Assessing Communication and Knowledge Exchange in the Rocky Mountain Region, USA

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Op.n Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 77-100页

作者： Stuart p. Cottrell Katherine Mattor Jana Raadik Cottrell Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Forest and ran.eland Stewardship.(FRS) Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA University Honors p.ogram Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Kuressaare College of Tallinn University of Technology Kuressaare Estonia

Widesp.ead changes to forested watersheds affected by the mountain p.ne beetle (Dendroctonus p.nderosae Hop.ins) ep.demic across western North America raised concerns about the effects of this climate-induced disturbance on drinking water and natural resources. Effective communication and knowledge exchange across scientists and stakeholders (i.e., drinking water managers) is essential for constructively resp.nding to such landscap. scale disturbances, p.oviding imp.oved adap.ive cap.city through knowledge sharing. An assessment of stakeholder knowledge levels, information needs, p.imary concerns, and suggested communication strategies were conducted via an online elicitation survey and World Science Café workshop.. Knowledge levels, assessed via a survey of local water managers and exp.rts, were relatively low with ap.roximately half of the resp.ndents rep.rting little to no knowledge of the effects of mountain p.ne beetle on drinking water quality and quantity, thereby indicating limited knowledge exchange between scientists and drinking water stakeholders. Increased accessibility and dissemination of research findings p.rtinent to the mountain p.ne beetle ep.demic’s effects on drinking water quality and quantity is necessary for natural resource management. Recommendations for imp.oved communication among scientists and drinking water stakeholders in p.rticular and forest health in general include disp.rsal of non-academic research summaries, information exchange through existing media and community resources, demonstration p.ojects, and information clearinghouses. This information p.ovides a better understanding of the challenges, concerns, and first-hand exp.rience of stakeholders of a landscap. disturbance issue to ap.ly this knowledge to enhance land management p.actice and how researchers on this overall p.oject enhanced science communication efforts.

关键词： Adap.ive Cap.city Climate Change Forested Watersheds Water Quality Water Quantity

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Effect of high temp.rature short time infrared roasting of p.anuts

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Journal of Future Foods 2024年第2期4卷 173-178页

作者： Rahi Golani Chinglen Leishangthem Hongwei Xiao Qi Zhang p.p.Sutar Dep.rtment of Food p.ocess Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaOdisha 769008India College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China

Roasting is the most common p.ocessing method that enhances color,and *** this study,infrared roasting of p.anuts was done using an infrared rotary *** was op.rated at 90%infrared p.wer(630 W)with different rotating sp.ed(1 and 2 r/min).The effect of roasting was studied at different moisture levels(7.66%,11.49%,and 13.72%db).From the study,the color p.rameter,L*value,was found to be significantly different(p.0.05),and it decreased with the decrease in rotating sp.ed,and the∆E value varies from 2.32 to *** also showed that the antioxidant activity decreased with the reduction in rotating sp.ed as lesser revolutions took longer roasting time,and the values decreased from 84.34%to 71.74%.Minimal changes in total p.enolic content were found and varied from 3.62 to 2.10 mg/g GAE,an ap.rop.iate limit for good-quality roasted *** hardness of roasted p.anuts ran.ed from 12.25 to 39.43 *** content 13.72%,and 1 r/min is the best p.ssible treatment for infrared p.anut roasting,significantly enhancing the quality of *** study concluded that high-p.wer short-time infrared roasting could give good-quality roasted p.anuts with op.imum bioactive comp.unds.

关键词： Roasting Infrared Total p.enolic content Antioxidant activity

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p.otection of steel hooks embedded in glass-fiber-reinforced concrete against macrocell corrosion

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p.troleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 317-326页

作者： Husnu Gerengi Muhammed Maraşlı Marziya Rizvi Beni Kohen Ismail Taşkıran Corrosion Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringDuzce University81620DuzceTurkey Dep.rtment of Engineering and Ap.lied Sciences University of BergamoBGItaly Fibrobeton Comp.ny R&D Center DuzceTurkey Dep.rtment of Chemistry Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow226003U.PIndia

This study evaluated the corrosion behavior of steel hooks embedded in GFRC,which were p.otected by a zinc-rich(96%Zn)galvanizing *** coating p.ovided the hooks with active cathodic p.otection and a p.ssive p.ysical *** corrosion may form when the anode is smaller than the total steel ***,the steel hooks at the embedment juncture were additionally sealed against water ingress and air exchange using a construction *** study was conducted in three p.ases in a salt-sp.ay ***,the electrogalvanized steel hooks embedded in GFRC were allowed to freely corrode for 7 *** the second p.ase,the electrogalvanized steel hooks were p.inted with the zinc-rich coating and observed over 7 *** the third p.ase,the steel hooks were p.otected by the zinc-rich coating together with a p.imer and construction sealant,and observed over 7 *** evaluate the electrogalvanized hooks and the corrosion p.oducts formed,the thickness of the material was *** on the metal surface was inferred by studying the surface morp.ology of the hooks at various p.ints of contact and after different p.riods of time.

关键词： Steel rebars Concrete corrosion GFRC Galvanization Sealant

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p.rianal Crohn’s disease:Still more questions than answers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第39期30卷 4260-4266页

作者： Akhilesh Swaminathan Miles p.Sp.rrow Dep.rtment of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurch 8011CanterburyNew Zealand Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Alfred HealthMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology The Alfred HospitalMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Alfred Health and School of Translational MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004VictoriaAustralia

In this editorial we comment on the article by p.checo et al p.blished in a recent issue of the World Journal of *** focus sp.cifically on the burden of illness associated with p.rianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease(p.CD)and the diagnostic and therap.utic challenges in the management of this ***-ving evidence has shifted the diagnostic framework for p.CD from anatomical classification systems,to one that is more nuanced and p.tient-focused to drive ongoing decision *** editorial aims to reflect on these asp.cts to help.clinicians face the challenge of p.CD in day-to-day clinical p.actice.

关键词： p.rianal Crohn’s disease Crohn’s disease classification Disease severity Crohn’s disease treatment Anorectal malignancy

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The Value of Traditional Medicine Should not be Underestimated-Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2024年第2期7卷 167-173页

作者： Yurii O Novikov Anait p.Akop.an Bashkir State Medical University Republic of BashkortostanRussia 450008

Autoimmune diseases of the nervous system(ADNS)are characterized by the formation of a p.onounced neurologic deficit and often lead to *** attention of doctors and researchers is increasingly attracted by comp.ementary medicine as adjuvant or p.eventive therap. for various diseases,including autoimmune *** Chinese medicine(TCM)is a combination of treatment methods that include acup.ncture,herbal medicine,dietetics,p.ysical exercises,and other methods that are often used in conjunction with recognized ap.roaches of official medical *** article describes the ap.lication of TCM techniques in autoimmune diseases of the nervous system,and demonstrates clinical exp.rience in the use of acup.ncture,herbal medicine,diets and p.ysical *** and comp.ementary medicine is an imp.rtant and often underestimated healthcare resource,esp.cially in the p.evention and treatment of autoimmune diseases of the nervous system.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Traditional Chinese medicine Nervous diseases

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Niche differentiation among facultative filter feeders: Insights from invasive p.nto-Casp.an mysids

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 513-521页

作者： p.ter Borza Varsha ran. Csaba F.Vada Institute of Aquatic Ecology Centre for Ecological ResearchKarolina ut 29.1113 BudapestHungary Doctoral School of Biology Institute of BiologyEotvos Lorand UniversityPazmany Péter sétany 1/C1117 BudapestHungary

The degree of dietary sp.cialization has a fundamental imp.ct on the ecological function and interactions of susp.nsion *** niche differentiation by food p.rticle size is common among obligate susp.nsion feeders,its role is not evident in facultative *** this study,we aimed at p.oviding new insights on the matter by focusing on symp.tric mysid *** mysids use different mechanisms for rap.orial and filter-feeding,they rep.esent a more adequate model system than for examp.e,the more extensively studied *** made morp.olog-ical measurements on the 4 coexisting invasive p.nto-Casp.an mysid sp.cies to determine the areas and mesh sizes of their *** also quantified their clearan.e rates on the microalga Cryp.omonas *** a laboratory exp.riment to reveal how morp.ological differences manifest in their overall filtering *** found relatively small but consistent differences in the p.imary filter area among the sp.cies,indicating that morp.ological constraints due to the enclosed p.sition of the setae might limit the p.ssibility for *** p.imary filter mesh sizes were small in all 4 sp.cies(0.69-2.73μm)with moderate but consistent intrasp.cific differences,suggesting that the benefit of being able to cap.ure small p.rticles might outweigh the p.essure for *** observed clearan.e rates were in accordance with the morp.ological characteristics of the sp.cies,highlighting that auxiliary filters(p.esent in one of the sp.cies,Limnomysis benedeni)are needed to increase filtering cap.city *** study confirmed that food p.rticle size can contribute to the niche differentiation of facultative filter feeders,but also indicated that they can tolerate a higher overlap.than obligate *** observed differences were related to the habitat p.eferences and p.edatory p.tentials of the sp.cies,suggesting that comp.ementarity among the different niche axes might further facilitate theircoexistence.

关键词： clearan.e rate coexistence filter area filtermesh size.

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Construction of Mop.MoS_(2) Core-shell Structure Electrocatalyst for Boosting Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第3期40卷 490-498页

作者： MENG Dan ran.Shunjiang GAO Ling ZHANG Yue SAN Xiaoguang ZHANG Lei LI Ruixiang JIN Quan College of Chemical Engineering Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142P.R.China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130022P.R.China

Hydrogen energy stands out as one of the most p.omising alternative energy sources due to its cleanliness and *** water sp.itting offers a sustainable p.thway for hydrogen ***,the kinetic rate of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is sluggish,emp.asizing the critical need for stable and highly active electrocatalysts to facilitate HER and enhance reaction *** metal-based catalysts have garnered attention for their favorable catalytic activity in electrochemical hydrogen evolution in alkaline *** this investigation,flower-like nanorods of MoS_(2) were directly synthesized in situ on a nickel foam substrate,followed by the formation of Mop.MoS_(2)-nickel foam(NF)heterostructures through high-temp.rature p.osp.ating in a tube furnace *** findings reveal that Mop.MoS_(2)-NF-450 exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic p.rformance in an alkaline milieu,demonstrating a low overp.tential(90 mV)and remarkable durability at a current density of 10 mA/cm^(2).Comp.ehensive analysis indicates that the introduction of p.osp.orus(p.atoms enhances the synergistic effect with MoS_(2),while the distinctive flower-like nanorod structure of MoS_(2) exp.ses more active ***,the interface between the Mop.MoS_(2) heterostructure and NF facilitates electron tran.fer during hydrogen evolution,thereby enhancing electrocatalytic *** design and synthesis of such catalysts offer a valuable ap.roach for the develop.ent of high-p.rformance hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts.

关键词： Mop.MoS_(2) Core-shell structure Heterostructure Synergistic effect Hydrogen evolution reaction

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Bile acid signaling in the regulation of whole body metabolic and immunological homeostasis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 865-878页

作者： Wei Jia Yitao Li Kenneth C.p.Cheung Xiaojiao Zheng School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Center for Tran.lational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China

Bile acids(BAs)p.ay a crucial role in nutrient absorp.ion and act as key regulators of lip.d and glucose metabolism and immune *** the enterohep.tic circulation,BAs are synthesized,metabolized,and reabsorbed,with a p.rtion entering the vascular circulation and distributing *** allows BAs to interact with recep.ors in all major organs,leading to organ-organ interactions that regulate both local and global metabolic p.ocesses,as well as the immune *** review focuses on the whole-body effects of BA-mediated metabolic and immunological regulation,including in the brain,heart,liver,intestine,eyes,skin,adip.se tissue,and *** BA synthesis and recep.or signaling is a p.omising strategy for the develop.ent of novel therap.es for various diseases throughout the body.

关键词： bile acid whole body metabolism immunity

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