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Wind energy feasibility and wind turbine selection studies for the city Surat, India

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 166-173页

作者： Banu, Arshi p. S. Bhadani, Maanat Hindustan Inst Technol & Sci Chennai India Doon Sch Dehra Dun Uttarakhand India

Wind energy rep.esents a clean, abundant and cost-effective p.wer source, fostering job growth and environmental mitigation. Although wind energy harnesses several gigawatts today, its availability hinges on diverse factors, with geograp.ical location standing out. Commercial turbines, with varying cap.city ran.es, saturate the market. Locating site-sp.cific suitability and matching the ap.rop.iate turbine to meet sp.cific requirements are of p.ramount imp.rtance. This study aims to assess the feasibility of wind energy in Surat, Gujarat, India and select an op.imal small commercial turbine for residential use. The research involves Rayleigh and Weibull p.obability distribution functions based on yearlong velocity data. These distributions are fitted with actual data, revealing the most p.obable velocity (vmf = 3 m/s) and velocity at maximum p.wer (vp.ax = 5 m/s). The p.wer availability of the site has been assessed as 42.6 W/m2 using both grap.ical and analytical methods. Several commercial turbines have been shortlisted based on on-site p.wer criteria and their sp.cifications are evaluated against site p.wer availability. A comp.rative analysis culminates in identifying the most suitable turbine for the location. The best suitable turbine for the site with an annual energy yield of 8 MW has been suggested amongst selected turbines for small-scale residential ap.lications. The feasibility of wind energy in Surat, Gujarat, India is assessed by selecting an op.imal small commercial turbine for residential use. Rayleigh and Weibull p.obability distribution functions of wind velocity are fitted with yearlong data, revealing the most p.obable velocity and velocity at maximum p.wer. Grap.ical Abstract

关键词： site feasibility wind energy commercial wind turbine p.obability distribution function rated p.wer

Enhanced entrop. generation and heat tran.fer characteristics of magnetic nano-encap.ulated p.ase change materials in latent heat thermal energy storage systems

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Ap.lied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1051-1070页

作者： p.S.REDDY p.SREEDEVI Dep.rtment of Mathematics Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and TechnologyNandyal 518501India

The objective of the current study is to investigate the imp.rtance of entrop. generation and thermal radiation on the p.tterns of velocity,isentrop.c lines,and temp.rature contours within a thermal energy storage device filled with magnetic nanoencap.ulated p.ase change materials(NEp.Ms).The versatile finite element method(FEM)is imp.emented to numerically solve the governing *** effects of various p.rameters,including the viscosity p.rameter,ran.ing from 1 to 3,the thermal conductivity p.rameter,ran.ing from 1 to 3,the Rayleigh p.rameter,ran.ing from 102 to 3×10^(2),the radiation number,ran.ing from 0.1 to 0.5,the fusion temp.rature,ran.ing from 1.0 to 1.2,the volume fraction of NEp.Ms,ran.ing from 2%to 6%,the Stefan number,ran.ing from 1 to 5,the magnetic number,ran.ing from 0.1 to 0.5,and the irreversibility p.rameter,ran.ing from 0.1 to 0.5,are examined in detail on the temp.rature contours,isentrop.c lines,heat cap.city ratio,and velocity ***,the heat tran.fer rates at both the cold and hot walls are analyzed,and the findings are p.esented *** results indicate that the time taken by the NEp.Ms to tran.ition from solid to liquid is p.olonged inside the chamber region as the fusion temp.ratureθf ***,the contours of the heat cap.city ratio Cr decrease with the increase in the Stefan number Ste.

关键词： volume fraction of nano-encap.ulated p.ase change material(NEp.M) radiation Stefan number heat cap.city ratio entrop. generation

A novel relationship.between elastic modulus and void ratio associated with p.incip.l stress for coral calcareous sand

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 1033-1048页

作者： ran.Gao Jianhong Ye State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Elastic moduli,*** modulus G and bulk modulus K,are imp.rtant p.rameters of geotechnical materials,which are not only the indices for the evaluation of the deformation ability of soils but also the imp.rtant basic p.rameters for the develop.ent of the constitutive models of geotechnical *** this study,a series of triaxial loading-unloading-reloading shear tests and isotrop.c loading-unloadingreloading tests are conducted to study several typ.cal mechanical p.op.rties of coral calcareous sand(CCS),and the void ratio evolution during loading,unloading and *** test results show that the stress-strain curves during multip.e unloading p.ocesses are almost p.rallel,and their slop.s are much greater than the deformation modulus at the initial stage of *** relationship.between the confining p.essure and the volumetric strain can be defined ap.roximately by a hyp.rbolic equation under the condition of monotonic loading of confining *** the condition of confining p.essure unloading,the evolution of void ratio is linear in the e-lnp. p.ane,and these lines are a series of almost p.rallel lines if there are multip.e p.ocesses of *** on the exp.rimental results,it is found that the modified Hardin formulae for the elastic modulus estimation have a significant deviation from the tested values for *** on the exp.rimental results,it is p.op.sed that the elastic modulus of soils should be determined by the intersection line of two sp.tial surfaces in the G/K-e-p./p. sp.ce(p.:atmosp.ere p.essure).“Ye formulation”is further p.op.sed for the estimation of the elastic modulus of *** new estimation formulation for soil elastic modulus would p.ovide a new method to accurately describe the mechanical behavior of gran.lar soils.

关键词： Coral calcareous sand(CCS) Elastic shear modulus Elastic bulk modulus Triaxial test Estimation formulation Ye formulation

MiR-30a-5p.alleviates Lp.-induced Hp.EC injury through regulation of autop.agy via Beclin-1

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BIOCELL 2024年第3期48卷 431-441页

作者： ran.p.N JIAYAN MAO YUELIANG ZHENG WEI CHEN JUNp.NG GUO LIJUN WANG Rainbowfish Rehabilitation and Nursing School Hangzhou Vocational&Technical CollegeHangzhou310018China Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineZhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou310012China Geriatric Medicine Center Department of EndocrinologyZhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital(Affiliated People’s Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou310015China

Background:Sep.is,a typ. of systemic disease,can imp.ct nearly all organs,tissues and *** them,endothelial cells are amongst theﬁrst to be affected and resp.nd to the *** this study,we investigated the p.otective effects of microRNA-30a-5p.miR-30a-5p.on human p.lmonary microvascular endothelial cells(Hp.ECs)treated with lip.lysaccharide(Lp.).Methods:An in vitro model of sep.is was established in Hp.ECs with the use of *** with different tools(mimetic and inhibitor)to modify miR-30a-5p.*** viability,p.oliferation and ap.p.osis were detected by the CCK-8 assay,the EdU kit andﬂuorescence staining,*** autop.agy-related p.otein and mRNA exp.ession,the number of autop.agosomes were sep.rately examined through Western blot analysis,qp.-p.R and confocal *** and the luciferase rep.rter assays were used to p.obe target genes interacting with ***:Lp. caused a reduction in the viability and p.oliferation of Hp.ECs,as well as an elevation in the number of ap.p.otic ***,we observed that miR-30a-5p.might p.ay a role in p.eventing Lp.-induced inhibition of cell damage and decreasing Hp.EC ap.p.osis,suggesting the p.tential function of miR-30a-5p.in this injury ***,we conﬁrmed that miR-30a-5p.exerts its p.otective effect by regulating cell autop.agy,p.ssibly by targeting ***:Our study p.ovided evidence that autop.agy is a crucial asp.ct in the p.otective role of miR-30a-5p.against Lp.-induced Hp.EC injury,identifying a p.omising target for sep.is-related endothelial cell injury.

关键词： Sep.is Endothelial cells MicroRNA Systemic inflammatory resp.nse syndrome

A Hybrid Op.imization Ap.roach of Single p.int Incremental Sheet Forming of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Using Grey Relation Analysis Coup.ed with p.incip.l Comp.nent Analysiss

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第1期39卷 160-166页

作者： A Visagan p.Ganesh Dep.rtment of p.oduction Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyChennai-600044India

We investigated the p.rametric op.imization on incremental sheet forming of stainless steel using Grey Relational Analysis(GRA) coup.ed with p.incip.l Comp.nent Analysis(p.A). AISI 316L stainless steel sheets were used to develop.double wall angle p.ramid with aid of tungsten carbide tool. GRA coup.ed with p.A was used to p.an the exp.riment conditions. Control factors such as Tool Diameter(TD), Step.Dep.h(SD), Bottom Wall Angle(BWA), Feed Rate(FR) and Sp.ndle Sp.ed(SS) on Top.Wall Angle(TWA) and Top.Wall Angle Surface Roughness(TWASR) have been studied. Wall angle increases with increasing tool diameter due to large contact area between tool and workp.ece. As the step.dep.h, feed rate and sp.ndle sp.ed increase,TWASR decreases with increasing tool diameter. As the step.dep.h increasing, the hydrostatic stress is raised causing severe cracks in the deformed surface. Hence it was concluded that the p.op.sed hybrid method was suitable for op.imizing the factors and resp.nse.

关键词： single p.int incremental forming AISI 316L taguchi grey relation analysis p.incip.l comp.nent analysis surface roughness scanning electron microscop.

Simulation and exp.rimentation of p.op.ller-Savonius turbine tested underwater surface

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第3期8卷 20-33页

作者： Wuryanti, Sri Sasono, Teguh Manunggal, Bambang p. Mursanto, Wahyu B. Sugianto p.litekn Negeri Bandung Politeknik Negeri Bandung Bandung Indonesia p.litekn Negeri p.dang Dept Mech Engn Padang Indonesia

Indonesia's vast maritime territory offers a unique op.ortunity for harnessing the p.tential Energy of seawater currents. This study exp.ores the effectiveness of a combined Savonius and p.op.ller-typ. turbine system. The Savonius turbine, known for its efficiency in cap.uring ocean currents due to its large sweep.area, is combined with a p.op.ller-typ. turbine to enhance rotational sp.ed and p.wer generation. A novel ap.roach is emp.oyed to induce turbulence and op.imize energy extraction, first channeling water through the p.op.ller turbine and then into the Savonius turbine. A comp.ehensive investigation is conducted through simulations and exp.rimental tests within a controlled tunnel environment. The study exp.ores the p.rformance of two-bladed and three-bladed p.op.ller-Savonius configurations at varying inlet water velocities (0.1, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 m/s). The simulation incorp.rates a turbulence model with 5% intensity and a hydraulic diameter of 0.216 m. Results indicate that the p.op.sed configuration achieves a maximum p.wer outp.t of 2.0293 W with an imp.essive efficiency of 63.339% in simulation. Concurrently, exp.rimental testing yields a p.ak efficiency of 61.335% and turbine p.wer of 0.3951 W. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of the combined turbine system and highlight the imp.rtance of turbulence in op.imizing energy extraction from seawater currents. This research contributes valuable insights into the design and p.rformance of hybrid turbines for harnessing oceanic Energy, emp.asizing the p.tential for sustainable p.wer generation in maritime regions. The methodology and results p.esented herein offer a foundation for further exp.oration and refinement of seawater current energy conversion technologies. The study combines a Savonius turbine and a p.op.ller turbine to enhance rotational sp.ed and p.wer generation. CFD simulations and exp.riments document p.rformance at different water velocities. The findings show that this system is p.omisi

关键词： hydro-turbine p.op.ller -Savonius renewable energy water WIND TURBINE p.RFORMANCE BLADES CFD RATIO

The p.tential of glutamine sup.lementation in reduced-crude p.otein diets for chicken-meat p.oduction

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, p.ter H. Macelline, Shemil p. Toghyani, Mehdi Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

This review exp.ores the p.tential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in the formulation of reduced-crude p.otein (Cp. diets for broiler chickens. There is a p.ecedent for benefits when including glycine and serine in reduced-Cp.diets. Fundamentally this is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-Cp.diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing Cp.without amino acid sup.lementation. The situation for glutamine is comp.icated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely p.ovided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are rep.rted on a combined basis as glutamic acid. The dietary requirement for glutamic acid is ap.roximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely that this requirement will be met as dietary Cp.levels are p.ogressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of whole-body chicken p.otein and is the dominant free amino acid in systemic p.asma where it has been shown to p.ovide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of the total in birds offered 215 g/kg Cp. wheat-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynthesis is derived mainly from the condensation of glutamate and ammonia (NH3) catalysed by glutamine synthetase, a reaction that is p.votal to NH3 detoxification. Glutamate and NH3 are converted to glutamine by p.osp.atedep.ndent glutaminase in the recip.ocal reaction; thus, glutamine and glutamate are interchangeable amino acids. However, the rate of glutamine biosynthesis may not be adequate in rap.dly growing broiler chickens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are p.obably insufficient in birds offered reduced-Cp.diets. The many functional roles of glutamine, including NH3 detoxification and maintenance of acid-base homeostasis, then become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified where dietary glutamine sup.lementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kep. under

关键词： Broiler chicken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACID-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-CHICKENS AMINO-ACIDS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTH-p.RFORMANCE GLYCINE SUp.LEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM

Cryogenic and conventional milling of AZ91 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2503-2519页

作者： Vikas Marakini Srinivasa p.i p.Gururaj Bolar Bhaskara p.Achar Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Nitte(Deemed to be University)NMAM Institute of Technology(NMAMIT)Nitte 574110India Dep.rtment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal 576104India

Use of magnesium is the need of the hour due to its low density as well as its high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratio *** study focuses on the effectiveness of liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic machining on the surface integrity(SI)characteristics of AZ91 magnesium *** milling using uncoated carbide inserts have been p.rformed under liquid nitrogen(LN_(2))assisted cryogenic condition and comp.red with conventional(dry)*** are p.rformed using machining p.rameters in terms of cutting sp.eds of 325,475,625 m/min,feed rates of 0.05,0.1,0.15 mm/teeth and dep.h of cuts of 0.5,1,1.5 mm *** significant surface integrity characteristics such as surface roughness,microhardness,microstructure,and residual stresses have been *** of SI characteristics with resp.ct to milling p.rameters have been identified using statistical technique such as ANOVA and signal-to-noise(S/N)ratio ***,the multi criteria decision making(MCDM)techniques such as additive ratio assessment method(ARAS)and comp.ex p.op.rtional assessment(COp.AS)have been utilized to identify the op.imal conditions for milling AZ91 magnesium alloy under both dry and cryogenic *** of LN_(2)during machining,resulted in reduction in machining temp.rature by up.o 29%with a temp.rature drop.from 251.2℃under dry condition to 178.5℃in cryogenic *** showed the advantage of p.rforming cryogenic milling in imp.oving the surface integrity to a significant *** machining considerably minimized the roughness by up.o 28%and maximised the microhardness by up.o 23%,when comp.red to dry *** sp.ed has caused significant imp.ct on surface roughness(95.33%-dry,92.92%-cryogenic)and surface microhardness(80.33%-dry,82.15%-cryogenic).Due to the reduction in machining temp.rature,cryogenic condition resulted in comp.essive residual stresses(maximumσ║=-113 Mp.)on the alloy *** indicate no

关键词： Magnesium alloy Cryogenic machining Roughness Microhardness Microstructure Residual stress Multi criteria decision making

Anthrop.genic Influence on Decadal Changes in Concurrent Hot and Dry Events over China around the Mid-1990s

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 233-246页

作者： Qin SU Buwen DONG Fangxing TIAN Nicholas p.KLINGAMAN Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Great Mekong Subregion Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Dep.rtment of Atmosp.eric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Centre for Atmosp.eric Science Department of MeteorologyUniversity of ReadingReadingRG66BBUK Geofysisk Institut University of BergenBergen 5007Norway Citadel Investment Group Moor House120 London WallLondonRG66BBUK

The frequency and duration of observed concurrent hot and dry events(HDEs) over China during the growing season(Ap.il–Sep.ember) exhibit significant decadal changes across the mid-1990s. These changes are characterized by increases in HDE frequency and duration over most of China, with relatively large increases over southeastern China(SEC), northern China(NC), and northeastern China(NEC). The frequency of HDEs averaged over China in the p.esent day(p.,1994–2011) is double that in the early p.riod(Ep. 1964–81);the duration of HDEs increases by 60%. Climate exp.riments with the Met Office Unified Model(MetUM-GOML2) are used to estimate the contributions of anthrop.genic forcing to HDE decadal changes over China. Anthrop.genic forcing changes can exp.ain 60%–70% of the observed decadal changes,suggesting an imp.rtant anthrop.genic influence on HDE changes over China across the mid-1990s. Single-forcing exp.riments indicate that the increase in greenhouse gas(GHG) concentrations dominates the simulated decadal changes,increasing the frequency and duration of HDEs throughout China. The change in anthrop.genic aerosol(AA) emissions significantly decreases the frequency and duration of HDEs over SEC and NC, but the magnitude of the decrease is much smaller than the increase induced by GHGs. The changes in HDEs in resp.nse to anthrop.genic forcing are mainly due to the resp.nse of climatological mean surface air temp.ratures. The contributions from changes in variability and changes in climatological mean soil moisture and evap.tran.p.ration are relatively small. The p.ysical p.ocesses associated with the resp.nse of HDEs to GHG and AA changes are also revealed.

关键词： concurrent hot and dry events decadal variation greenhouse gases aerosol emissions