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Develop.0}nt,validation,and transp.rtability of several m.chine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2m.x)p.ediction m.dels for older adults

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjam.n T.Schum.cher m.chael J.Lam.nte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor m.Sim.nsick Steven p.Hooker Hum.erto p.rada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kum.r Herbert Wertheim.School of p.blic Health and Hum.n longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Dep.rtm.nt of Ep.dem.ology and Environm.ntal Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Hum.n Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Ep.dem.ology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego m.ores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Com.uter Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few m.xim.l oxygen up.ake(VO_(2m.x))non-exercise-based p.ediction equations,fewer using m.chine learning(m.),and none sp.cifically for older *** direct m.asurem.nt of VO_(2m.x)is infeasible in large ep.dem.ologic cohort studies,we sought to develop.validate,com.are,and assess the transp.rtability of several m. VO_(2m.x)p.ediction ***:The Baltim.re longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)p.rticip.nts with valid VO2_(m.x)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection op.rator,linear-and tree-boosted extrem. gradient boosting,random.forest,and sup.ort vector m.chine(SVm.algorithm. were trained to p.edict VO_(2m.x)*** develop.d these algorithm. for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables com.on in aging ***,we quantified the associations between m.asured and p.edicted VO_(2m.x)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(m.an±SD)and the m.asured VO_(2m.x)was 21.6±5.9 m./kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection op.rator,linear-and tree-boosted extrem. gradient boosting,random.forest,and sup.ort vector m.chine yielded root m.an squared errors of 3.4 m./kg/m.n,3.6 m./kg/m.n,3.4 m./kg/m.n,3.6 m./kg/m.n,and 3.5 m./kg/m.n,*** quartiles of m.asured VO_(2m.x)showed an inverse gradient in m.rtality *** VO_(2m.x)variables yielded sim.lar effect estim.tes but were not robust to ***:m.asured VO_(2m.x)is a strong p.edictor of *** m. can im.rove the accuracy of p.ediction as com.ared to sim.ler ap.roaches but estim.tes of association with m.rtality rem.in sensitive to *** studies should seek to rep.oduce these results so that VO_(2m.x),an im.ortant vital sign,can be m.re broadly studied as a m.difiable target for p.om.ting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardioresp.ratory fitness p.ediction algorithm. Ep.dem.ology m.rtality

Recovery rates of p.rsistent p.st-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using p.ychop.ysical assessm.nt:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jerem. p.Tervo p.tricia T.Jacobson Brandon J.Vilarello Tiana m.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam.W.Gallagher Josep. B.Gary David A.Gudis p.ule V.Josep. D.p.Devanand Terry E.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest Colum.ia University Vagelos College of p.ysicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Dep.rtm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Dep.rtm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Dep.rtm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-p.esbyterian/Colum.ia University Irving m.dical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:p.rsistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of sm.ll associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a m.jor feature of long *** on the p.evalence of p.rsistent OD p.edom.nantly rely on self-rep.rted olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using p.ychop.ysical assessm.nt am.ng p.tients p.esenting for evaluation of p.rsistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing m.thods are needed to counsel p.tients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aim. to quantify the degree of p.rsistent OD in p.st-COVID-19 p.tients who exp.rience subjective and p.ychop.ysical ***:We group.d p.rticip.nts p.esenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and p.ychop.ysical olfactory status at a baseline assessm.nt and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year tim. *** had confirm.d a history of COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was com.leted by 122 p.rticip.nts,53 of whom.com.leted the 1-year follow-up.*** p.rticip.nts p.esenting with p.rceived OD,74.5%had confirm.d p.ychop.ysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus p.ychop.ysically tested olfactory function at both tim. *** total threshold,discrim.nation,and identification(TDI)score im.roved by+3.25 p.ints in the cohort with p.ychop.ysical OD(p.0.0005),with this im.rovem.nt largely attributable to an increase in m.dian threshold scores(+2.75 p.ints;p.0.0004).Conclusions:OD p.rsists in a significant num.er of p.tients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of sm.ll after COVID-19,with m.ny dem.nstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrim.nation or identification,m.st significantly m.diate im.rovem.nt

关键词： long COVID olfaction p.st-COVID condition sm.ll dysfunction

Is it p.ssible to run after p.sitive affective exp.riences instead of health benefits without tackling social inequalities?

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 756-758页

作者： Rap.ael H.O.Araujo Andre O.Werneck Gilm.r m.de Jesus Danilo R.p.Silva Graduation p.ogram.in Health Sciences Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86057-970Brazil School of p.blic Health The University of QueenslandBrisbane QLD 4006Australia Center for Ep.dem.ological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de S~ao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Dep.rtm.nt of p.ychological m.dicine Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondon SE58AFUK p.blic Health p.st-Graduate p.ogram State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysical Education Federal University of SergipeSao Cristov~ao 490100-000Brazil

We recently read the op.nion p.ece titled“Why p.op.e should run after p.sitive affective exp.riences instead of health benefits”,which was carried out by m.ltagliati et al.^(1)and p.blished in the Journal of Sp.rt and Health *** article started an im.ortant discussion about a p.ysical activity(p.)p.om.tion ap.roach that encourages the use of affective exp.rience to p. *** we agree with the authors’p.int of view and believe that its m.ssage can generate an im.ortant insight for p. p.om.tion,the authors p.esented a scenario where behavior change seem. to be exclusively dep.ndent on the *** the existence of other barriers to an active lifestyle(e.g.,social inequalities)could enhance the authors’suggested ap.roach because m.ny p.op.e live in conditions that reduce their op.ortunities to engage in affective exp.riences related to p.;furtherm.re,affective exp.riences can vary dep.nding on individual context.

关键词： p.om.tion inequalities furtherm.re

Influence of erbium.on structural,and charged p.rticles,p.otons,and neutrons shielding p.op.rties of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) p.rovskite ceram.cs

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 724-732页

作者： m.K.h.Ham.d Nidal Dwaikat m.H.A.m.areb m.I.Sayyed R.m.Ham.d Y.S.m.Alajeram. m.A.Alm.ssiere Gam.el Saleh Ahm.d Hussein Alom.ri K.A.Ziq Dep.rtm.nt of Basic Sciences School of Social and Basics SciencesAl Hussein Technical UniversityKing Abdullah II St 242Amman11831Jordan Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics College of Engineering and PhysicsInterdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced MaterialsKing Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics College of ScienceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Basic and Ap.lied Scientific Research Center Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP0.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Dep.rtm.nt of p.ysics Faculty of ScienceIsra UniversityAmman11622Jordan Dep.rtm.nt of Nuclear m.dicine Research Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia m.dical Im.ging Dep.rtm.nt Applied Medical Sciences FacultyAl Azhar University-Gaza CityPo.Box 1277Palestine Dep.rtm.nt of Biop.ysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box1982Dammam 31441Saudi Arabia Dep.rtm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering College of EngineeringImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityPo.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Energy&m.nerals Regulatory Com.ission Amman11821Jordan

Five p.rovskite ceram.cs sam.les of Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) with x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,and 0.20 were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction *** p.ep.red sam.les were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform. infrared(FTIR),and UV-Vis *** shielding p.op.rties against ionizing radiation were also *** XRD analysis shows the p.rovskite cubic structure as the m.jor p.ase in all *** FTIR reveals a distinctive band around 614-620 cm.(-1) ascribed to the antisym.etric O-Sn-O ***-Vis sp.ctroscop. was used to determ.ne the bandgap.according to diffuse reflectance,and the results disp.ay a fixed enhancem.nt in the bandgap.from.3.2 to 3.3 eV for all ***-ray shielding p.op.rties of the synthesized sam.les were exp.rim.ntally m.asured and com.ared with XCOm.com.utational *** relative differences(Δ,%)between exp.rim.ntal and theo retical values are low and fall within the 0.446%-7.10%*** addition of Er leads to the enhanced density,neutron,and gam.a shielding *** contrast,charged p.rticles’shielding p.ram.ters gradually reduce with rising Er *** results suggest that Ba_(1-x)Er_(x)SnO_(3) sam.les can be used in different radiation shielding ap.lications.

关键词： p.rovskite Ceram.cs Gam.a ray shielding m.ss stop.ing p.wer Rare earths

Im.act of Social Determ.nants of Health on Self-p.rceived Resilience: An Exp.oratory Study of Two Cohorts of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 33-48页

作者： Albert Osom.Krysta S.Barton Katie Sexton Lyndia Brum.ack Joyce p.Yi-Frazier Abby R.Rosenberg Ruth Engelberg Jill m.Steiner Dep.rtm.nt of Biostatistics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Biostatistics Ep.dem.ology and Analytics for Research(BEAR)Core Seattle Children’s Research InstituteSeattleWA98101USA College of m.dicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Center for Clinical and Translational Research Seattle Children’s Research InstituteSeattleWA98101USA Dep.rtm.nt of p.ychosocial Oncology and p.lliative Care Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteDepartment of MedicineBoston Children’s HospitalBostonMA02215USA Dep.rtm.nt of p.diatrics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02215USA Division of p.lm.nary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of Medicine&Cambia Palliative Care Center of ExcellenceUniversity of WashingtonHarborview Medical CenterSeattleWA98104USA Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine&Cambia Palliative Care Center of ExcellenceUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Social determ.nants of health(SDOH)affect quality of *** investigated SDOH im.acts on self-p.rceived resilience am.ng p.op.e with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD).Secondary analysis of data from.two com.p.em.ntary studies:a survey study conducted m.y 2021–June 2022 and a qualitative study conducted June 2020–August *** was assessed through CD-RISC10 score(range 0–40,higher scores reﬂect greater self-p.rceived resilience)and interview *** and SDOH(education,em.loym.nt,living situa-tion,m.netary stability,ﬁnancial dep.ndency,area dep.ivation index)data were collected by healthcare record review and *** used linear regression with robust standard errors to analyze survey data and p.rform.d a them.tic analysis of interview *** p.rticip.nts(N=127)m.an age was 42±14 years;51%were fem.le,87%*** was m.derate(75%)or com.lex(25%);41%functional class C or ***(m.an 30±7)varied by m.netary stability:com.ared to p.op.e with difﬁculty p.ying bills,resilience was 15.0 p.ints higher(95%CI:6.9–23.1,p.0.001)for p.op.e rep.rting having enough m.ney and 14.2 p.ints higher(95%CI:5.9–22.4,p.0.001)for those rep.rting just enough *** p.rticip.nts’(N=25)m.an age was 32 years(range 22–44);52%were fem.le,72%*** was m.derate(56%)or com.lex(44%);76%functional class C or *** discussed factors affecting resilience aligned with each of the m.jor SDOH,p.om.nently,econom.c stability and healthcare access and *** stability m.y be im.ortant for sup.orting self-p.rceived resi-lience in *** knowledge can inform.the develop.0}nt of resilience interventions for this p.p.lation.

关键词： Social determ.nants of health adult congenital heart disease resilience ﬁnancial stability

Old-growth m.xed dip.erocarp.forests show variable losses and gains in aboveground biom.ss and standing carbon over forty years

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Cham.ika Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodbury Arun Dayanandan B.m.p.Singhakum.ra Xiangcheng m. I.A.U.N.Gunatilleke C.V.S.Gunatilleke m.rk SAshton Dep.rtm.nt of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Dep.rtm.nt of Forestry and Environm.ntal Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environm.ntal Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Dep.rtm.nt University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Background:No studies have docum.nted long-term.trends in aboveground biom.ss(AGB)for m.xed-dip.erocarp.forests(m.F),the dom.nant rain forest typ. in trop.cal wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to docum.nt such trends over forty years across three sites rep.esenting lowland to lower m.ntane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m.25 m.p.ots in 1978 across three sites sam.led along an elevation gradient,identified as m.ture old-growth *** m.asured trees for diam.ter at breast height that we identified to sp.cies and *** took wood sam.les to calculate sp.cies wood-sp.cific *** re-m.asured p.ots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites com.ined to be 517.52 m.·ha^(-1)in 1978,but this declined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 m.·ha^(-1).No differences exist am.ng sites in AGB p.im.rily because of considerable within site variation;but interactions of tim. with site show declines across sites were not uniform.one rem.ined about the *** few sp.cies rep.esented a high p.op.rtion of the AGB with the top.five sp.cies com.rising between 34%and 65%,dep.nding up.n site and year *** sp.cies,m.sua nagassarium.rep.esented a disp.op.rtionately large am.unt of AGB and decline over tim.,p.rticularly at the low elevation ***:Our results are directly relevant to estim.ting AGB and standing carbon sequestered in *** study is the first to dem.nstrate varying but overall,declining trends in am.unts of AGB am.ng forests m.king p.edictions of biom.ss and standing carbon in m.F difficult over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea sp.. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Trop.cal rain forest Wood sp.cific gravity

p.sitive health:An integrated quantitative ap.roach in p.tients with chronic gastrointestinal and hep.to-p.ncreatico-biliary disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第28期30卷 3418-3427页

作者： Anja H W m.Lem.ijn-Slenter Karolina Ap.Wijnands Gijs van der Ham.voort Luuk p.van Ip.ren Nico Wolter Angelique E de Rijk Ad Am.m.sclee Dep.rtm.nt of Social m.dicine Faculty of HealthMedicine and Life sciencesCare and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands Division of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht 6200 MDLimburgNetherlands Social m.dical Affairs Employee Insurance Agency(UWV)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands Dep.rtm.nt of Research Academic Knowledge Center Work and Health South-East Netherlands(AKAG-ZON)Heerlen 6400 ACLimburgNetherlands

BACKGROUND The concep. of p.sitive health(p.)sup.orts an integrated ap.roach for p.tients by taking into account six dim.nsions of *** ap.roach is esp.cially relevant for p.tients with chronic *** gastrointestinal and hep.top.ncreatico-biliary(GI-Hp.)disorders are am.ng the top.6 of the m.st p.evalent chronically affected organ *** im.act of chronic GI-Hp. disorders on individuals m.y be disp.op.rtionally high because:(1)The affected organ system.frequently contributes to a m.lnourished state;and(2)p.rsons with chronic GIHp. disorders are often younger than p.rsons with chronic diseases in other organ *** To describe and quantify the dim.nsions of p. in p.tients with chronic GI-Hp. *** p.osp.ctive,observational questionnaire study p.rform.d between 2019 and 2021 in 235 p.tients with a chronic GIHp. disorder attending the Outp.tient Dep.rtm.nt of the m.astricht University m.dical *** questionnaires and data from.p.tient files were used to quantify the six dim.nsions of *** consistency was tested with m.Donald’s ***-order p.arson correlations and t-tests were used to assess associations and differences.A p.valuep. p.tients scored significantly worse in all dim.nsions of p. com.ared to control data or norm.scores from.the general *** quality of life,p.rticip.tion and daily functioning,GI-Hp. p.tients scored in the sam. range as p.tients with chronic disorders in other organ system.,but dep.essive sym.tom.(in 35%)and m.lnutrition(in 45%)were m.re frequent in p.tients with chronic GI-Hp. *** scores between the six dim.nsions were only very weak to weak,forcing us to quantify each dom.in *** All six dim.nsions of p. are im.aired in the GI-Hp. *** and dep.essive sym.tom. are m.re p.evalent com.ared to p.tients with chronic disorders in other organ system..

关键词： p.sitive health Chronic gut disorders Gastrointestinal disorders Hep.to-p.ncreatico-biliary disorders Integrated care

Synthesis and Therm.l Characterization of Solar Salt-Based p.ase Change Com.osites with Grap.ene Nanop.atelets

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Journal of Therm.l Science 2024年第2期33卷 491-500页

作者： p.thurajan VIGNESHWARAN Saboor SHAIK Sivan SURESH m.slüm.ARICI Asif AFZAL Dep.rtm.nt of Therm.l and Energy Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering(SMEC)Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia Nanotechnology Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliTamil NaduIndia m.chanical Engineering Dep.rtm.nt Engineering FacultyKocaeli UniversityUmuttepe CampusKocaeli41001Turkey Dep.rtm.nt of m.chanical Engineering P.A.College of Engineering(affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelagavi)Mangaluru574153India

Therm.l energy storage(TES) system. use solar energy desp.te its irregular availability and day-night tem.erature *** work rep.rts the therm.l characterizations of solar salt-based p.ase change com.osites in the p.esence of grap.ene nanop.atelets(GNp..Solar salt(60:40 of NaNO_(3):KNO_(3)) p.ssessing p.ase transition tem.erature and m.lting enthalp. of 221.01℃ and 134.58 kJ/kg is p.op.sed as a p.ase change m.terial(p.m. for high-tem.erature solar-based energy storage *** conductivity m.st be im.roved to m.ke them.suitable for widesp.ead ap.lications and to close the gap.between the system.needs where they are *** is added at weight concentrations of 0.1%,0.3%,and 0.5% with solar salt using the ball m.lling m.thod to boost its therm.l *** studies indicated the form.tion of a uniform.surface of GNp.on solar *** sp.ctrum.p.aks identified the p.ysical interaction between salt and *** characterization of the com.osites,such as therm.l conductivity,DSC and TGA was carried out for the sam.les earlier and later 300 therm.l cycles.0.5% of GNp.has im.roved the therm.l conductivity of salt by 129.67% and after therm.l cycling,the enhancem.nt reduced to 125.21% indicating that therm.l cycling has a m.nor im.act on therm.l *** change tem.erature decreased by around 2.32% in the p.esence of0.5% GNp.and the latent heat reduced by 4.34% after therm.l *** therm.gram. dep.cted the com.osites initiated the weight loss at around 550℃ after which it was *** therm.l cycling,the weight loss initiated at ~40℃ lower com.ared to p.re salt,which was found to be a m.nor *** characterization of solar salt and GNp.based solar salt com.osites revealed that the com.osites can be used for enhanced heat transfer in high-tem.erature solar-based heat transfer and energy storage ap.lications.

关键词： therm.l energy storage high tem.erature solar salt grap.ene nanop.atelets therm.l characterization

m.delling dynam.c p.ntograp. loads with com.ined num.rical analysis

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 81-94页

作者： F.F.Jackson R.m.shra J.m.Rebelo J.Santos p.Antunes J.p.m.o H.m.galhaes L.Wills m.Askill School of Com.uting and Engineering University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK School of Com.uting and Engineering Institute of Railway ResearchUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK IDm.C Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal ISEL Instituto Politecnico de LisboaLisbonPortugal Hitachi Rail Newton AycliffeUK Wabtec/Brecknell Willis ChardUK

Ap.rop.iate interaction between p.ntograp. and catenary is im.erative for sm.oth op.ration of electric *** heights of overhead lines to accom.odate level crossings,overbridges,and tunnels p.se significant challenges in m.intaining consistent current collection p.rform.nce as the p.ntograp. aerodynam.c p.ofile,and thus aerodynam.c load changes significantly with op.rational *** research aim. to analyse the global flow characteristics and aerodynam.c forces acting on individual com.onents of an HSX p.ntograp. op.rating in different configurations and orientations,such that the results can be com.ined with m.ltibody sim.lations to obtain accurate dynam.c insight into contact ***,com.utational fluid dynam.cs sim.lations are used to investigate the p.ntograp. com.onent loads in a rep.esentative setting,such as that of the recessed cavity on a Class 800 *** an aerodynam.c p.rsp.ctive,this study indicates that the total drag force acting on non-fixed com.onents of the p.ntograp. is larger for the knuckle-leading orientation rather than the knuckle-trailing,although the difference between the two is found to reduce with increasing p.ntograp. *** the aerodynam.c loads acting on individual com.onents with m.ltibody tools allows for realistic dynam.c insight into the p.ntograp. *** results obtained show how considering aerodynam.c forces enhance the realism.of the m.dels,leading to behaviour of the p.ntograp.-catenary contact forces closely m.tching that seen in exp.rim.ntal tests.

关键词： p.ntograp.-catenary interaction p.ntograp. aerodynam.cs Com.utational fluid dynam.cs p.ntograp. loads Current collection p.rform.nce