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A Latency-Aware and Fault-Tolerant Framework for Resource Scheduling and Data Management in Fog-Enabled Smart City Transportation Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1377-1399页

作者： Ibrar Afzal Noor ul Amin Zulfiqar Ahmad Abdulmohsen Algarni Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

Thedeployment of the Internet of Things(IoT)with smart sensors has facilitated the emergence of fog computing as an important technology for delivering services to smart environments such as campuses,smart cities,and smart transportation *** computing tackles a range of challenges,including processing,storage,bandwidth,latency,and reliability,by locally distributing secure information through end *** of endpoints,fog nodes,and back-end cloud infrastructure,it provides advanced capabilities beyond traditional cloud *** smart environments,particularly within smart city transportation systems,the abundance of devices and nodes poses significant challenges related to power consumption and system *** address the challenges of latency,energy consumption,and fault tolerance in these environments,this paper proposes a latency-aware,faulttolerant framework for resource scheduling and data management,referred to as the FoRD framework,for smart cities in fog *** framework is designed to meet the demands of time-sensitive applications,such as those in smart transportation *** FoRD framework incorporates latency-aware resource scheduling to optimize task execution in smart city environments,leveraging resources from both fog and cloud *** simulation-based executions,tasks are allocated to the nearest available nodes with minimum *** the event of execution failure,a fault-tolerantmechanism is employed to ensure the successful completion of *** successful execution,data is efficiently stored in the cloud data center,ensuring data integrity and reliability within the smart city ecosystem.

关键词： Fog computing smart cities smart transportation data management fault tolerance resource scheduling

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Secure Channel Estimation Using Norm Estimation Model for 5G Next Generation Wireless Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1151-1169页

作者： Khalil ullah Song Jian Muhammad Naeem ul Hassan Suliman Khan Mohammad Babar Arshad Ahmad Shafiq Ahmad Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyHavelianAbbottabad22500Pakistan Department of Computing and Electronics Engineering Middle East CollegeMuscat124Oman Department of CS&IT Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology MangHaripur22621Pakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia

The emergence of next generation networks(NextG),including 5G and beyond,is reshaping the technological landscape of cellular and mobile *** networks are sufficiently scaled to interconnect billions of users and *** in academia and industry are focusing on technological advancements to achieve highspeed transmission,cell planning,and latency reduction to facilitate emerging applications such as virtual reality,the metaverse,smart cities,smart health,and autonomous *** continuously improves its network functionality to support these *** input multiple output(MIMo)technology offers spectral efficiency,dependability,and overall performance in *** article proposes a secure channel estimation technique in MIMo topology using a norm-estimation model to provide comprehensive insights into protecting NextG network components against adversarial *** technique aims to create long-lasting and secure NextG networks using this extended *** viability of MIMo applications and modern AI-driven methodologies to combat cybersecurity threats are explored in this ***,the proposed model demonstrates high performance in terms of reliability and accuracy,with a 20%reduction in the Malout-Realout-Diff metric compared to existing state-of-the-art techniques.

关键词： Next generation networks massive mimo communication network artificial intelligence 5G adversarial attacks channel estimation information security

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Two paths, one goal: mechanism of calcium homeostasis to balance plant growth and immunity

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 306-308页

作者： Aziz ul Ikram Yanping Jing Huan Chen Jian Chen International Genome Center Jiangsu University Joint Center for Single Cell Biology School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University

Calcium(Ca2+) is an essential nutrient and a cellular signal in plants. The level of free Ca2+in the apoplast is ～10,000-fold higher than that in the cytoplasm at the resting state. This large Ca2+level gradient across the membrane between the interior and exterior can cause Ca2+overload and toxicity. plants have evolved mechanisms to export Ca2+out of the cytoplasm or store it in intracellular organelles, such as endoplasmic reticulum（ER）, mitochondria, and vacuole.

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Effect of acupressure on procedural pain before heel lancing in neonates

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2021年第2期41卷 331-337页

作者： Tanju oğul Fatma Yilmaz Kurt Research Assistant RNMSNFaculty of Health SciencesPediatric Nursing DepartmentCanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityCanakkale 17020Turkey

oBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of acupressure applied to UB60 and K3 acupuncture points in order to relieve the procedural pain caused by heel lancing blood sampling process in the term ***:The data were collected by using the Information Form and the Neonatal Infant pain *** applied for 3 min before heel lancing blood sampling in the newborns in the experimental group(n=31).No intervention was applied to newborns in the control group(n=32).RESulTS:A significant difference was found between mean scores of the newborns in the control and acupressure group in favor of the acupressure group in terms of heart rate during and after the procedure,oxygen saturation before,during and after the procedure,duration of crying during and after the procedure(pound that there was a significant difference between groups in terms of Neonatal Infant pain Scale mean scores during(p=0.001)and after the procedure(pound to be in favor of the acupressure ***:As a result,acupressure was found to be an effective method in relieving pain caused by heel lancing blood sampling in newborns.

关键词： Acupressure pain,procedural Infant,newborn Heel lancing blood sampling

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Thermodynamic properties of ZnSe under pressure and with variation in temperature

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Chinese physics B 2017年第9期26卷 144-147页

作者： Najm ul Aarifeen A Afaq Center of Excellence in Solid State physics University of the PunjabLahore 54590Pakistan

The thermodynamic properties of Zn Se are obtained by using quasi-harmonic Debye model embedded in Gibbscode for pressure range 0–10 Gpa and for temperature range 0–1000 K. Helmholtz free energy, internal energy, entropy,Debye temperature, and specific heat are calculated. The thermal expansion coefficient along with Gruneisen parameter are also calculated at room temperature for the pressure range. It is found that internal energy is pressure dependent at low temperature, whereas entropy and Helmholtz free energy are pressure sensitive at high temperature. At ambient conditions,the obtained results are found to be in close agreement to available theoretical and experimental data.

关键词： density functional theory Helmholtz energy Debye temperature entropy

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Effects of temperature and pressure on thermodynamic properties of Cd_(0.25)Zn_(0.75)Se alloy

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Chinese physics B 2017年第12期26卷 216-220页

作者： Najm ul Aarifeen A Afaq Center of Excellence in Solid State physics University of the Punjab Quaid e Azam Campus Lahore-54590 Pakistan

Thermodynamic properties of Cd0.25Zn0.75Se alloy are studied using quasi harmonic model for pressure range of 0 Gpa-10 Gpa and temperature range 0 K-1000 K. The structural optimization is obtained by self-consistent field calculations and full-potential linearized muffin-tin orbital method with GGA＋U as an exchange correlation functional where U=2.3427 eV is Hubbard potential. The effects of temperature and pressure on bulk modulus, Helmholtz free energy, internal energy, entropy, Debye temperature, Grüneisen parameter, thermal expansion coefficient, and heat capacities of the material are observed and discussed. The bulk modulus, Helmholtz free energy, and Debye temperature are found to be decreased on increasing temperature while there is an increasing behavior with rise of the pressure. Whereas the internal energy has increasing trend with the rise in temperature and it almost remains insensitive to pressure. The entropy of the system increases （decreases） with rise of pressure （temperature）.

关键词： density functional theory Helmholtz energy Debye temperature entropy

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Structural stability improvement, Williamson Hall analysis and band-gap tailoring through A-site Sr doping in rare earth based double perovskite La2NiMno6

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Rare Metals 2019年第9期38卷 805-813页

作者： Shah Aarif ul Islam Mohd Ikram Solid State Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsNational Institute of TechnologySrinagar

The structural,morphological and optical properties of single-phase polycrystalline La2-xSrxNiMno6(x=0,0.3 and 0.5),synthesized by solid state reaction were *** samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)/energy dispersive analysis of X-rays(EDAX),Raman spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS)to elucidate the role of A-site Sr-doping in double perovskite La2 *** analysis of XRD patterns revealed that all the samples have monoclinic structure with space group p21/*** gradient in the Williamson Hall plots revealed the presence of tensile strain in all the *** morphological studies revealed that average grain size increases along with appreciable decrease in porosity with Sr *** Ni/Mn antisite disorder was introduced in the La2 NiMno6 by Sr-doping confirmed by an increase in the full width at half maximum(FWHM)and decrease in intensity of the Raman modes at around 540 and 665 cm-1 which correspond to the antisymmetric stretching and symmetric stretching modes,*** results reveal that the band gap in La2 NiMno6 can be tuned down by Sr-doping to a value of1.37 eV(very close to 1.40 eV,considered as optimum value for better efficiency of a solar cell).Thus,Sr-doped La2 NiMno6 may be of prime importance for applications in solar cells.

关键词： Double perovskite Monoclinic Williamson Hall analysis Band gap tailoring

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Transformation pathway of Carbonate pedofeatures Based on Their Micromorhology and Carbon Isotope Data in the Northern Caucasus Region,Russia

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第2期6卷 139-146页

作者： Khokhlova o.S. Kouznetsova A.M. Khokhlov A. A. Institute of physicochemical and Biological problems of Soil Science Russian Academy of Sciences ul.Institutskaya 2 Pushchino Moscow region 142290 Russia Laboratory of Electron Microscopy Biological Faculty Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119899 Russia Institute of Cell Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences ul.Institutskaya 3 Pushchino Moscow region 142290 Russia

Carbonate pedofeatures (Cps) in a chronosequence of paleosols buried under kurgans in the Northern Caucasus region of Russia in a period from the end of the 4th to the middle of the 5th centuries AD (It seams that there is no time left) were studied by using a set of morphological and isotopic methods. The Cps in chernozem-type soils of Russia are usually represented by crystallomorphic calcite whereas the non-segregated carbonates occurred at the same horizons-by collomorphic one. Those two morphotypes of calcite have the differences in elemental composition and isotopic composition of carbon and, hence, should have different origins-from true and colloidal solutions, respectively. The same differences including radiocarbon age have been revealed for pseudomycelium of the ABca horizon of the youngest paleosols as compared with the same Cps of other paleosols in the chronosequence studied. our assumption is that it was succeeded in finding that the pseudomycelium right away after its precipitation from a colloidal solution migrated from the lower soil horizons to the surface horizons during the periods of climatic aridization. After a short time interval (not more than 25-50 years) collomorphic calcite in the pseudomicelium of the yongest paleosols mentioned above will likely become by "usual" acicular calcite.

关键词： Carbonate pedofeature chernozems kurgans holocene paleosol set of morphological andisotopic method

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Schamel equation in an inhomogeneous magnetized sheared flow plasma with q-nonextensive trapped electrons

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Chinese physics B 2018年第2期27卷 428-434页

作者： Shaukat Ali Shan Qamar-ul-Haque Theoretical physics Division (TpD) PINSTECH

An investigation is carried out for understanding the properties of ion–acoustic（IA） solitary waves in an inhomogeneous magnetized electron-ion plasma with field-aligned sheared flow under the impact of q-nonextensive trapped electrons. The Schamel equation and its stationary solution in the form of solitary waves are obtained for this inhomogeneous plasma. It is shown that the amplitude of IA solitary waves increases with higher trapping efficiency（β）, while the width remains almost the same. Further, it is found that the amplitude of the solitary waves decreases with enhanced normalized drift speed, shear flow parameter and the population of the energetic particles. The size of the nonlinear solitary structures is calculated to be a few hundred meters and it is pointed out that the present results are useful to understand the solar wind plasma.

关键词： sheared flow plasma density inhomogeniety electron trapping

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Use of clay as a pozzolona in high strength portland cement and its thermal activation

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Chinese Journal of Geochemistry 2010年第2期29卷 143-145页

作者： Noor-ul-Amin Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University

In this investigation local clay from Cherat mines, Nowshera District, NWFp, pakistan, has been tested as a pozzolanic material in high strength portland cement. Thermal treatments were performed as a means of activation of the clay. It was found that thermal treatment of the clay can increase its pozzolanic activity. Different blended mortars, containing different amounts of clay, activated at different temperatures were studied for compressive strength, consistency, and setting times. It was concluded that the mechanical properties of the blended cements were mainly governed by the percentage of incorporation of the calcined clay. Blended cement composition has been for-mulated, with optimal results of 20% calcined clay at a temperature of 600℃.

关键词：高强度水泥烧粘土热激活火山灰活性混合水泥硅酸盐水泥巴基斯坦测试调查

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