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Addressing vulnerability,building resilience:community-based adaptation to vectorborne diseases in the context of global change

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Infectious Diseases of poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1485-1505页

作者： Kevin Louis Bardosh Sadie JRyan Kris ebi Susan Welburn Burton Singer Department of Anthropology University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Emerging pathogens Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Department of Geography University of FloridaGainesvilleUSA Department of Global Health University of WashingtonSeattleUSA Centre of Infectious Disease University of EdinburghEdinburghUK

Background:The threat of a rapidly changing planet-of coupled social,environmental and climatic change-pose new conceptual and practical challenges in responding to vector-borne *** include non-linear and uncertain spatial-temporal change dynamics associated with climate,animals,land,water,food,settlement,conflict,ecology and human socio-cultural,economic and political-institutional *** date,research efforts have been dominated by disease modeling,which has provided limited practical advice to policymakers and practitioners in developing policies and programmes on the *** body:In this paper,we provide an alternative biosocial perspective grounded in social science insights,drawing upon concepts of vulnerability,resilience,participation and community-based *** analysis was informed by a realist review(provided in the Additional file 2)focused on seven major climate-sensitive vectorborne diseases:malaria,schistosomiasis,dengue,leishmaniasis,sleeping sickness,chagas disease,and rift valley ***,we situate our analysis of existing community-based interventions within the context of global change processes and the wider social science *** identify and discuss best practices and conceptual principles that should guide future community-based efforts to mitigate human vulnerability to vector-borne *** argue that more focused attention and investments are needed in meaningful public participation,appropriate technologies,the strengthening of health systems,sustainable development,wider institutional changes and attention to the social determinants of health,including the drivers of ***:In order to respond effectively to uncertain future scenarios for vector-borne disease in a changing world,more attention needs to be given to building resilient and equitable systems in the present.

关键词： Vector-borne disease Community participation Social science Adaptation Resilience Climate change Global change Global health

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Improvement in corrosion resistance of magnesium coating with cerium treatment

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Rare Metals 2009年第3期28卷 277-283页

作者： Samia Ben Hassen Latifa Bousselmi patrice berot El Mustafa Rezrazi Ezzeddine triki Unité de Recherche Corrosion & protection des Métalliques ENITBP 37Tunis-BelvédèreTunisia Institut UTINAM CNRS UMR 6213Université de Franche-Comté16 route de Gray 25030 Besanon CedexFrance Laboratoire traitement et Recyclage des Eaux CERTEBorj CedriaTunisia

Corrosion protection afforded by a magnesium coating treated in cerium salt solution on steel substrate was investigated using open circuit potential, polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） in 0.005 M sodium chloride solution （NaCl）. The morphology of the surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The cerium treated coating was obtained by immersion in CeCl3 solution. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the treated magnesium coating was improved. The corrosion potential of the treated coating was found to be nobler than that of the untreated magnesium coating and the corrosion current decreased significantly. Impedance results showed that the cerium treatment increased corrosion protection. The improvement of anti-corrosion properties was attributed to the formation of cerium oxides and hydroxides that gave rise to a physical barrier effect.

关键词： magnesium coating cerium corrosion protection impedance spectroscopy

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XpS characterization and corrosion resistance of cerium-treated magnesium coatings

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Rare Metals 2011年第4期30卷 368-373页

作者： Samia Ben Hassen Latifa Bousselmi patrice berot El Mustafa Rezrazi Ezzeddine triki Unité de Recherche Corrosion & protection des Métalliques ENITBP 37Tunis-BelvédèreTunisie Institut UTINAM CNRS UMR 6213Université de Franche-Comté16 route de Gray 25030 Besanon CedexFrance Laboratoire traitement et Recyclage des Eaux CERTEBorj CedriaTunisie

Cerium conversion treatment was applied on magnesium coatings in a solution containing CeC13. The composition ot the cenum conversion layer on magnesium was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XpS）, It was revealed that the composition predominately consisted of a three-valent state cerium compound with a relative abundance around 90%. Some of Ce^3＋ was oxidized to Ce^4＋. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results revealed that the total impedance of cerium-treated samples increased for a short immersion time in NaC1 solution before coating deteriorating. This deterioration was due to the coating porosity increasing and the breakdown of the conversion layer

关键词： cerium compounds magnesium coatings X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy corrosion resistance

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Improving the utility of locally differentially private protocols for longitudinal and multidimensional frequency estimates

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 369-379页

作者： Héber H.Arcolezi Jean-François Couchot Bechara Al Bouna Xiaokui Xiao Inria andÉcole polytechnique(Ipp) PalaiseauFrance Femto-ST Institute Univ.Bourg.Franche-ComtéUBFCCNRSBelfortFrance TIckET Lab. Antonine University Hadat-BaabdaBaabdaLebanon School of Computing National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

This paper investigates the problem of collecting multidimensional data throughout time(i.e.,longitudinal studies)for the fundamental task of frequency estimation under Local Differential privacy(LDp)*** to frequency estimation of a single attribute,the multidimensional aspect demands particular attention to the privacy ***,when collecting user statistics longitudinally,privacy progressively ***,the“multiple”settings in combination(i.e.,many attributes and several collections throughout time)impose several challenges,for which this paper proposes the first solution for frequency estimates under *** tackle these issues,we extend the analysis of three state-of-the-art LDp protocols(Generalized Randomized Response–GRR,Optimized Unary Encoding–OUE,and Symmetric Unary Encoding–SUE)for both longitudinal and multidimensional data *** the known literature uses OUE and SUE for two rounds of sanitization(***),i.e.,L-OUE and L-SUE,respectively,we analytically and experimentally show that starting with OUE and then with SUE provides higher data utility(i.e.,L-OSUE).Also,for attributes with small domain sizes,we propose Longitudinal GRR(L-GRR),which provides higher utility than the other protocols based on unary ***,we also propose a new solution named Adaptive LDp for LOngitudinal and Multidimensional FREquency Estimates(ALLOMFREE),which randomly samples a single attribute to be sent with the whole privacy budget and adaptively selects the optimal protocol,i.e.,either L-GRR or *** shown in the results,ALLOMFREE consistently and considerably outperforms the state-of-the-art L-SUE and L-OUE protocols in the quality of the frequency estimates.

关键词： Local differential privacy Discrete distribution estimation Frequency estimation Multidimensional data Longitudinal studies

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The effect of climate factors on the size of forest wildfires(case study:prague-East district,Czech Republic)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1291-1300页

作者： Zohreh Mohammadi peter Lohmander Jan Kašpar Roman berčák Jaroslav Holuša Robert Marušák Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcká12916500 Praha-SuchdolCzech Republic Optimal Solutions in Cooperation with Linnaeus University UmeaSweden

This paper presents a new approach to identifying the climate variables that influence the size of the area burned by forest *** linear regression was used in combination with nonlinear variable transformations to determine relevant nonlinear forest wildfire size *** from the prague-East District of the Czech Republic was used for model *** burned forest area was hypothesized as a function of water vapor pressure,air temperature and wind *** speed was added to enhance predictions of the size of forest wildfires,and further improvements to the utility of prediction methods were added to the regression *** results show that if the air temperature increases,it may contain less water and the fuel will become *** size of the burned area then *** the relative humidity in the air increases and the wind speed decreases,the size of the burned area is *** model suggests that changes in the climate factors caused by ongoing climate change could cause significant changes in the size of wildfire in forests.

关键词： Climatic variables Burned forest area Climate change Multiple linear regression

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Estimation of Maximum Tibia Length from its Measured Anthropometric parameters in a Nigerian population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2016年第4期2卷 222-228页

作者： Esomonu Godfrey Ugochukwu Lukpata philip Ugbem Omamuyovwi M Ijomone Okem Theresa ebi Department of Anatomy Faculty of Basic Medical ScienceCross River University of TechnologyOkuku CampusCalabarCross RiverNigeria

Reliable estimation of stature from skeletal remains will continue to play an important role in assessing a variety of forensic anthropological and archaeological *** the present study,we studied and collated data on the morphometry of the tibia as well as analyzing its segment that shows significant correlation with its maximum length and consequently formulating linear regression equations for estimating maximum tibia length(MTL)which is specific for the Nigeria population.A total number of 68 intact adult human tibia bones were used(35 right and 33 left).Thirteen anthropometric parameters were measured including the *** mean differences between right and left bones of all the measured parameter were not statistically significant except for the mean shaft *** correlation coefficient between MTL and the bicondylar tibial width(BTW),anterior‑posterior intercondylar diameter(ApID),anterior‑posterior diameter of medial condyle(ApDMC),midshaft transverse diameter(MSTD),and distal articular surface length(DASL)were seen to be significant(pparameters for the right tibia were also significant(ppossible to estimate the maximum length of the right tibia from the BTW,ApID,ApDMC,MSTD,and DASL with relative *** study may be useful for forensic investigations for the identification of the remains of unknown bodies in a Nigerian population.

关键词： Correlation maximum tibia length Nigeria regression equations tibia

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Advanced Cycles Large-Scale Aero-Derivative Gas Turbines: performance Comparison

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Journal of power and Energy Engineering 2016年第5期4卷 7-19页

作者： Barinyima Nkoi Thank God ebi Isaiah Department of Mechanical Engineering Rivers State University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Nigeria

This paper aims at carrying out comparative performance analysis of simple and advanced cycles large-scale aero-derivative industrial gas turbines derived from aircraft turbofan engines. The investigation involves technical performances of three large-scale aero-derivative engine cycles based on existing and projected cycles for applications in land based power generation and Combined-Heat-and-power (CHp). preliminary design and performance simulation were implemented of a simple cycle (baseline) three-spool 100 MW aero-derivative engine model, intercooled and intercooled/recuperated engine cycles of the same 100 MW nominal power rating. In the analysis, design point and off-design performances of the engine models were established. The results indicate that to a large extent, the advanced engine cycles showed superior performance in terms of thermal efficiency, and fuel flow. In numerical terms, thermal efficiencies of intercooled engine cycle, and intercooled/recuperated engine cycles, over the simple cycle at design point increased by 2.42% and 0.94% respectively, whereas heat rates of these cycles over simple cycle at design point decreased by 2.37% and 0.93% respectively. It is worthy of note that for large-scale aero-derivative gas turbines having power rating of 100 MW and above, intercooled cycle would consume less fuel than intercooled-recuperated and simple cycles. This finding would actually aid good choice of cycle option for large-scale aero-derivative gas turbine designers, manufacturers and users.

关键词： Aero-Derivative-Gas-Turbines Thermal-Efficiency Intercooled-Recuperated Fuel-Flow Heat-Rate

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Crown and leaf traits as predictors of subtropical tree sapling growth rates

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Journal of plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 136-145页

作者： Ying Li Wenzel Kröber Helge Bruelheide Werner Härdtle Goddert von Oheimb Faculty of Sustainability Leuphana University LüneburgInstitute of EcologyScharnhorststraße 1D-21335 LüneburgGermany Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenAm Kirchtor 1D-06108 HalleGermany German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eD-04103 LeipzigGermany Faculty of Environmental Sciences Technische Universität DresdenInstitute of General Ecology and Environmental ProtectionPienner Straße 7D-01735 TharandtGermany

Aims Growth rates of plants are driven by factors that influence the amount of resources captured and the efficiency of resource *** trees,the amount of light captured and the efficiency of light use strongly depends on crown characteristics and leaf *** theory predicts that both crown and leaf traits affect tree growth,few studies have yet to integrate these two types of traits to explain species-specific growth *** 37 broad-leaved tree species of subtropical forests in SE China,we investigated how interspecific differences in wood volume growth rates were affected by crown and leaf *** tested the hypotheses that(i)larger crown dimensions promote growth rates,(ii)species-specific growth rates are positively related to leaf stomatal conductance,leaf water potential and leaf chemical components,and negatively related to leaf C/N and leaf toughness and(iii)the two sets of traits better explain growth rates in combination than either *** Our study was conducted in a large-scale forest Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning experiment in China(BEF-China),located in a mountainous region in Jiangxi *** related 17 functional traits(two crown dimension and three crown structure traits;six physiological and six morphological leaf traits)to the mean annual growth rate of wood volume of young trees of the studied *** between crown and leaf traits were analyzed using principal component *** linear regression analysis was used to test the effect of each trait *** used multiple regression analysis to establish the relationship of growth rate to each set of traits(crown traits,physiological and morphological leaf traits)and to the combination of all types of *** coefficients of determination(R^(2)_(adj))of the best multiple regression models were compared to determine the relative explanatory power of crown and leaf traits and a combination of *** Findings The species-spec

关键词： BEF China crown characteristics physiological leaf traits morphological leaf traits wood volume

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Modification of tenascin-R expression following unilateral labyrinthectomy in rats indicates its possible role in neural plasticity of the vestibular neural circuit

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1463-1470页

作者： Botond Gaal Einar ?rn Jóhannesson Amit Dattani Agnes Magyar Ildikó Wéber Clara Matesz Department of Anatomy Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Dentistry University of Debrecen Department of pediatric Surgery Faculty of Medicine Clinical Center University of Debrecen MTA-DE Neuroscience Research Group University of Debrecen

We have previously found that unilateral labyrinthectomy is accompanied by modification of hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan staining in the lateral vestibular nucleus of rats and the time course of subsequent reorganization of extracellular matrix assembly correlates to the restoration of impaired vestibular function. The tenascin-R has repelling effect on pathfinding during axonal growth/regrowth, and thus inhibits neural circuit repair. By using immunohistochemical method, we studied the modification of tenascin-R expression in the superior, medial, lateral, and descending vestibular nuclei of the rat following unilateral labyrin- thectomy. On postoperative day 1, tenascin-R reaction in the perineuronal nets disappeared on the side of labyrinthectomy in the superior, lateral, medial, and rostral part of the descending vestibular nuclei. On survival day 3, the staining intensity of tenascin-R reaction in perineuronal nets recovered on the operated side of the medial vestibular nucleus, whereas it was restored by the time of postoperative day 7 in the superior, lateral and rostral part of the descending vestib- ular nuclei. The staining intensity of tenascin-R reaction remained unchanged in the caudal part of the descending vestibular nucleus bilaterally. Regional differences in the modification of tena- scin-R expression presented here may be associated with different roles of individual vestibular nuclei in the compensatory processes. The decreased expression of the tenascin-R may suggest the extracellular facilitation of plastic modifications in the vestibular neural circuit after lesion of the labyrinthine receptors.

关键词： nerve regeneration extracellular matrix brainstem vestibular system vestibular lesion vestibular compensation perineuronal net neural plasticity neural regeneration

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Fatty acids derived from oviposition systems guide female black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens)toward egg deposition sites

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1231-1248页

作者： p.tr.ck Klüber Emna Arous Jeanny Jerschow Marco Fraatz Daniel Bakonyi Martin Rühl Holger Zorn Department Bioresources Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied EcologyGiessenGermany Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic ***,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing *** particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial ***,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial ***,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,*** to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive *** kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg ***,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both *** data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier *** order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.

关键词： black soldier fly Hermetia illucens fatty acids insects as food and feed oviposition oviposition site selection tetradecanoic acid

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