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Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin r.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald p.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SpAST spastin

Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.r.Groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.r.Wayne Moore Jack p.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by robertson and río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus rNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

Dielectric relaxation and magneto-electric characteristics of lead-free double perovskite: Sm2NiMnO6

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第2期8卷 174-185页

作者： rutuparna das r.N.p.CHOUDHArY Department of physics Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University

The polycrystalline sample of a double perovskite, Sm2NiMnO6 was synthesized by a solid-state reaction route. From the X-ray structural study, it is found that the structure of the material is monoclinic with lattice parameters: a = 4.1750(63) ?, b = 7.6113(63) ?, c = 5.9896(63) ?, and β = 112.70°. These parameters are very close to and consistent with those of such type of materials. The dielectric, impedance, AC conductivity, and electrical modulus properties of the sample were studied in the temperature range of 25–300℃ and the frequency range of 1 kHz–1 MHz. Typical relaxor behavior observed in the dielectric studies was confirmed by Vogel–Fulcher fitting. From the Nyquist plots, the temperature dependent contribution of grain and grain boundary effect was confirmed. The non-Debye type of relaxation was found using the complex impedance spectroscopy. The magnetic study revealed that the sample had paramagnetic behavior at room temperature. Magneto-electric(ME) coefficient was obtained by changing DC bias magnetic field. This type of lead-free relaxor ferroelectric compound may be useful for high-temperature applications.

关键词： solid-state reaction X-ray diffraction(XrD) dielectric relaxation magneto-electric(ME) coupling

Coarse to Fine: The role of Severe plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical Implants - A Comprehensive review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana r Mihajlović Bojan I Međo Ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko r Djokić Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National Institute of the republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SpD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SpD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HpT)process,as one of the SpD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HpT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SpD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

Emerging potential of progranulin-dependent SorCS2 signaling in healthy and diseased nervous systems

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2591-2593页

作者： Alena Salasova Anders Nykjær Danish research Institute of Translational Neuroscience DANDrITE-Nordic EMBL partnership for Molecular Medicine and Centre of Excellence PROMEMODepartment of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

The formation of the mammalian nervous system and its maturation into sensory,motor,cognitive,and behavioral circuits is a complex process that begins during early embryogenesis and lasts until young *** neurodevelopm... 详细信息

关键词： progr jointly CS2

Security Strategy of Digital Medical Contents Based on Blockchain in Generative AI Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 259-278页

作者： Hoon Ko Marek r.Ogiela Division of Computer Science and Engineering Sunmoon UniversityAsan31460Republic of Korea AGH University of Krakow Cryptography and Cognitive Informatics LaboratoryKrakow30-059Poland

This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the security of visual medical data in the generative AI environment through the integration of blockchain *** combining the strengths of blockchain and generative AI,the research team aimed to address the timely challenge of safeguarding visual medical *** participating researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis,examining the vulnerabilities of medical AI services,personal information protection issues,and overall security *** multi faceted exploration led to an indepth evaluation of the model’s performance and ***,the correlation between accuracy,detection rate,and error rate was *** analysis revealed insights into the model’s strengths and limitations,while the consideration of standard deviation shed light on the model’s stability and performance *** study proposed practical improvements,emphasizing the reduction of false negatives to enhance detection rate and leveraging blockchain technology to ensure visual data integrity in medical *** blockchain to generative AI-created medical content addresses key personal information protection *** utilizing the distributed ledger system of blockchain,the research team aimed to protect the privacy and integrity of medical data especially medical *** approach not only enhances security but also enables transparent and tamperproof ***,the use of generative AI models ensures the creation of novel medical content without compromising personal information,further safeguarding patient *** conclusion,this study showcases the potential of blockchain-based solutions in the medical field,particularly in securing sensitive medical data and protecting patient *** proposed approach,combining blockchain and generative AI,offers a promising direction toward more robust and secure medical content *** research and advancements

关键词： Digitalmedical content medical diagnostic visualization security analysis generativeAI blockchain vulnerability pattern recognition

Mechanism of Cd(II) adsorption by macrofungus pleurotus platypus

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 288-293页

作者： r.Vimala Nilanjana das School of Biosciences and Technology VIT University

The mechanism of Cd（Ⅱ） uptake by the dead biomass of macrofungus pleurotus platypus was investigated using different chemical and instrumental techniques. Sequential removal of cell wall components of the biosorbent revealed that structural polysaccharides play a predominant role in the biosorption of Cd（Ⅱ）. The adsorption kinetics fitted well with the pseudo second-order model suggested that the adsorption of Cd（Ⅱ） on p. platypus involved a chemisorption process. Transmission electron microscopy of the cadmium exposed biomass confirmed the deposition of the metal mainly in the metal loaded biosorbent confirmed the participation of-OH, - the cell wall. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of NH and C-O-C groups in the uptake of Cd（Ⅱ）. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the biosorbent before and after metal uptake revealed that the main mechanism of adsorption was ion-exchange. The effectiveness of CaCl2 in the desorption of cadmium perhaps suggested the exchange of Ca^2＋ with Cd（Ⅱ）.

关键词： biosorption mechanism ion-exchange pleurotus platypus macrofungus cadmium

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.V.p.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

Effect of Graphene Nanoplate and Silicon Carbide Nanoparticle reinforcement on Mechanical and Tribological properties of Spark plasma Sintered Magnesium Matrix Composites

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第11期30卷 1059-1070页

作者： Aniruddha das Sandip p.Harimkar School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA

processing of magnesium （Mg） matrix composites reinforced with low reinforcement content （up to 4-5 vol.%） of graphene nanoplates （GNps） and silicon carbide （SIC） nanoparticles using bait milling and spark plasma sintering （SpS） is reported. Near full densification was observed for all the composite compositions at the sintering temperature of 450 ~C （soaking time of 5 min and applied pressure of 50 Mpa）. Detailed analysis of the microstructure and mechanical and tribological （under dry sliding contact with alumina counter-face） properties with reinforcement content in Mg-GNp and Mg-SiC is presented. Mg-GNp and Mg-SiC composites reinforced with about 2 vol.% of reinforcement content exhibited significant improvement in microhardness and wear resistance as compared with Mg compacts.

关键词： Microstructure and properties Wear Tribology Magnesium matrix composites