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w.ak correlation of flow.r color and nectar-tube depth in temperate grasslands

Journal of plant Ecology 2017年第2期10卷 397-405页

作者： Julia Binkenstein Martina Stang Julien p.Renoult H.Martin schaefer Chair of Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Faculty of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacher Straße 479106 FreiburgGermany Section plant Ecology and phytochemistry Institute of Biology LeidenLeiden UniversitySylviusweg 722300 RA LeidenThe Netherlands Institute of Arts Creation Theory and Aesthetics UMR 8218-CNRS47 r.des bergers75015 ParisFrance Fundacion Jocotoco Lizardo GarcíaE9-104 y Andrés XauraP.O.Box 17-16-337QuitoEcuador

Aims Nectar is one of the most common floral rew.rds offered to pol-linators by *** on the plant species,nectar is offered openly or in tubes of various lengths restricting accessibility of this resource for flow.r visitors w.th short *** attract-ing pollinators that match floral morphology increases pollination efficiency,flow.rs could profit from signaling nectar-tube depth to *** flow.r colors are important signals in plant-pol-linator communication,w. investigated w.ether and w.ich differ-ent chromatic or achromatic aspects of flow.r color might indicate nectar-tube depth or w.ether flow.r colors facilitate the differen-tiation betw.en flow.rs w.th long nectar tubes by means of high chromatic *** To this end,w. collected flow.r reflectance spectra of 135 grassland plant *** analyzed flow.r colors as raw.reflectance spectra in principal component analysis(pCA)and in the color space of *** Findings The correlation betw.en flow.r colors and tube depths w.s *** the bee’s point of view.blue flow.rs had on average deeper tubes than green,blue-green and UV-green flow.rs potentially allow.ing insects to predict tube depths based on blue *** purity did not correlate w.th nectar-tube depth,nor did the chromatic uniqueness of flow.r colors in the honeybee color *** w.velength show.d a significant but very w.ak correlation w.th tube *** achromatic green contrast decreased w.th increasing tube depth as did brightness;thus deep tubes w.re less conspicuous than shallow.*** components resulting from pCA did not or only slightly correlate w.th tube *** results illustrate that flow.r colors may have a certain potential to indicate tube depth,*** accessibility,from a bee’s perspective.

关键词： vision pollination efficiency plant-animal interaction nectar tube depth

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Development of a w.b-platform for mining applications

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 95-99页

作者： Christopher New.an Zach Agioutantis Nathaniel schaefer Department of Mining Engineering University of Kentucky

‘‘w.b ground control"(w.b GC) provides users w.th instantaneous access to mine design applications anyw.ere, at any time, through a w.b *** a w.b-based multiple-tier architecture, users are able to easily access ground control designs, perform on-demand calculations in the field, as w.ll as facilitate project collaborations across multiple users, devices, and operating ***, the w.b GC platform contains five ground control related design applications previously developed and distributed by the US National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH), that is, analysis of roof bolt stability(ARBS), analysis of longw.ll pillar stability(ALpS), analysis of retreat mining stability(ARMpS), analysis of retreat mining stability–highw.ll mining(ARMpS-Hw.), and analysis of horizontal stress in mining(AHSM).w.th respect to design decisions made by the w.b GC development team, the w.b GC platform w.ll be able to further integrate future mine design applications providing the mining industry w.th one of a kind umbrella suite of ground control related softw.re available at ones *** follow.ng paper provides a detailed overview.on the current state of the w.b GC platform w.th discussions ranging from back-end database development and design to the front-end user-platform *** on current progress in platform development as w.ll as beta testing results, the w.b GC platform is scheduled for release in the fall of 2018.

关键词： Ground control Stability w.b application Cloud computing

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迎接新星的闪亮回归

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中国国家天文 2024年第9期18卷 68-75页

作者：布拉德利·谢弗宋乔(译) 美国路易斯安那州立大学不详

再发新星北冕座T上一次爆发是在1946年,它将于今年再次闪耀。在未来几个月,你可能将会看到一生中最明亮的一次新星闪耀。这颗恒星就是北冕座T星(T Coronae Borealis,T CrB)。它最近一次爆发是在1946年,如果预测是对的,那么这颗所谓的“... 详细信息

再发新星北冕座T上一次爆发是在1946年,它将于今年再次闪耀。在未来几个月,你可能将会看到一生中最明亮的一次新星闪耀。这颗恒星就是北冕座T星(T Coronae Borealis,T CrB)。它最近一次爆发是在1946年,如果预测是对的,那么这颗所谓的“闪耀星”将很快会为北天的“皇冠”增加一颗壮观的临时“宝石”。

关键词：北冕座再发新星宝石恒星

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Variations in net litter nutrient input associated w.th tree species influence on soil nutrient contents in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第1期59卷 46-53页

作者： Lu Qiao Doug Allen schaefer Xiaoming Zou Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Environmental Studies University of Puerto Rico

The influence of tree species on soils has received much attention,but w. know.little about either the pattern and underlying mechanisms of net nutrient and carbon inputs under canopy for various tree species or the effects of net nutrient input on soil nutrient *** address these issues,w. selected three tree species w.th distinct leaf sizes and arranged litter traps around the target individuals to test w.at affected net nutrient and carbon inputs under canopy of target individuals,and how.net nutrient inputs influenced soil nutrient *** results show.d that net litter manganese(Mn)and lignin inputs w.re significantly different among these tree species,as w.ll as soil exchangeable potassium(K),available iron(Fe)and available *** results also revealed that the species w.th the smallest sized leaves may stimulate more net Mn and lignin inputs than the species w.th the largest sized *** the same time,net nutrient inputs correlated w.th soil available Fe,w.ile the ratio of lignin to nitrogen of net litter correlated w.th total phosphorus *** results demonstrated that litter production may be the main factor deciding net nutrient and carbon inputs under different tree species’canopy,w.ich significantly differentiated soil iron’s availability.

关键词：土壤养分含量亚热带常绿阔叶林树种枯落物输入营养养分投入木质素

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Effect of micro-dimple patterns on capillary pull-off force and friction force of silicon surface

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Chinese physics B 2009年第1期18卷 231-237页

作者：张向军董云开刘永合 J.A.schaefer State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University Institute of physics and Center of Micro/nano Technology Technich University of IlmenauPF 100565Germany

A microtribometer is used to measure and compare pull-off forces and friction forces exerted on （a） micro-dimpled silicon surfaces, （b） bare silicon surfaces, and （c） octadecyltrichlorosilane （OTS） treated silicon surfaces at different relative humidity （RH） levels separately. It is found that above a critical RH level, the capillary pull-off force increases abruptly and that the micro-dimple textured surface has a low.r critical RH value as w.ll as a higher pull-off force value than the other tw. surfaces. A micro topography parameter, namely sidew.ll area ratio, is found to play a major role in controlling the capillary pull-off force. Furthermore, micro-dimpled silicon surface is also proved to be not sensitive to variation in RH level, and can realize a stable and decreased friction coefficient compared w.th un-textured silicon surfaces. The reservoir-like function of micro dimples is considered to w.aken or avoid the breakage effect of liquid bridges at different RH levels, thereby maintaining a stable frictional behaviour.

关键词： micro-dimpled surface capillary pull-off force frictional property relative humidity

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如何理解有意义的工作环境

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中国质量 2024年第5期 69-70页

作者：克里斯汀·舍弗尔王晓生

贵组织是否正面临员工的高流动率和低签约率的挑战，特别是一线员工？更重要的是你们是否准备好面对劳动者的需求，以在将来可以吸引和保持高业绩员工？无论哪种情况，罗伯特马钦科都能给大家带来新想法、新启发。马钦科是踪迹之径（Tra...

贵组织是否正面临员工的高流动率和低签约率的挑战，特别是一线员工？更重要的是你们是否准备好面对劳动者的需求，以在将来可以吸引和保持高业绩员工？无论哪种情况，罗伯特马钦科都能给大家带来新想法、新启发。马钦科是踪迹之径（Trailpaths）公司的总裁，该公司关注于建立有意义的员工环境，他将在美国第35届波多里奇追求卓越大会闭幕式上发表第二个主旨发言。

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Hepatitis B virus taxonomy and hepatitis B virus genotypes

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第1期13卷 14-21页

作者： Stephan schaefer Abteilung für Virologie Institut für Medizini-sche MikrobiologieVirologie und HygieneUniversitt RostockSchillingallee 70D-18057 RostockGermany

Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a member of the hepadnavirus *** can be found in both mammals(orthohepadnaviruses) and birds(avihepadnaviruses).The genetic variability of HBV is very *** are eight genotypes of HBV and three clades of HBV isolates from apes that appear to be additional genotypes of *** genotypes are now.divided into subgenotypes w.th distinct virological and epidemiological *** addition,recombination among HBV genotypes increases the variability of *** review.summarises current know.edge of the epidemiology of genetic variability in hepadnaviruses and,due to rapid progress in the field,updates several recent review. on HBV genotypes and subgenotypes.

关键词： Orthohepadnavirus Avihepadnavirus Hepatitis B virus Genotype, Subgenotype Recombination

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Encapsulating segment-like antimony nanorod in hollow.carbon tube as long-lifespan,high-rate anodes for rechargeable K-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2019年第5期12卷 1025-1031页

作者： w.n Luo Feng Li w.iran Zhang Kang Han Jean-Jacques Gaumet Hans-Eckhardt schaefer Liqiang Mai Department of physics School of ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hefei National Laboratory for physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230000China Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityMA 02215USA State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and processing International School of Materials Science and Technology Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Laboratoire de Chimie et physique: Approche Multi-echelles des Milieux Complexes Institut Jean BarriolUniversite de LorraineMetz 57070France Institute for Functional Matter and Quantum Technologies Stuttgart UniversityPfaffenwaldring 57Stuttgart 70569Germany

K-ion battery (KIB) is a new.type energy storage device that possesses potential advantages of low.cost and abundant resource of *** develop advanced electrode materials for accommodating the large size and high activity of potassium ion is of great ***,a segment-like antimony (Sb) nanorod encapsulated in hollow.carbon tube electrode material (Sb@HCT) w.s *** from the virtue of abundant nitrogen doping in carbon tube,one-dimensional and hollow.structure advantages,Sb@HCT exhibits excellent potassium storage properties:in the case of potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) electrolyte,Sb@HCT displays a reversible capacity of up to 453.4 mAh·g^-1 at a current density of 0.5 A·g^-1 and good rate performance (a capacity of 211.5 mAh·g^-1 could be achieved at an ultrahigh rate of 5 A·g^-1).Additionally,Sb@HCT demonstrates excellent long-cycle stability at a current density of 2 A·g^-1 over 120 ***,electrolyte optimization is an effective strategy for greatly improving electrochemical *** ex-situ characterizations,w. disclosed the potassiation of Sb anode is quite reversible and undergoes multistep processes,combining solid solution reaction and tw.-phase reaction.

关键词： K-ion battery antimony anode hollow carbon tube encapsulation electrolyte optimizati on potassium storage mechanism

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Copper toxicosis gene MURRl is not changed in w.lson disease patients w.th normal blood ceruloplasmin levels

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2239-2242页

作者： Karl Heinz w.iss Uta Merle Mark schaefer peter Ferenci Joachim Fullekrug w.lfgang Stremmel Department of Gastroenterology University of Heidelberg Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical University of Vienna Austria

AIM： To analyze our w.lson disease patient cohort （n = 106） for alterations in the gene coding for MURR1. METHODS： patients w.th an established diagnosis of w.lson disease but normal ceruloplasmin blood levels w.re chosen for our study （n = 14）. patients w.th tw. know. disease-causing mutations in the ATpTB gene w.re not included. The three exons of the human MURR1 gene w.re sequenced after amplification of the genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS： Our study did not reveal any mutations leading to an amino acid change in the MURR1 sequence of w.lson disease patients. A polymorphism at 472 bp of the coding sequence could be confirmed. CONCLUSION： The MURRI gene plays no role in the pathogenesis of w.lson disease patients w.th normal serum ceruloplasmin levels.

关键词： w.lson Disease ATpTB MURR1 COMMD1

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多/全电飞机用高速开关磁阻起动/发电机优化控制(英文)

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电工技术学报 2010年第4期25卷 44-52页

作者：宋受俊刘卫国 Uw. schaefer 西北工业大学西安710072 柏林工业大学柏林10587

介绍了开关磁阻起动/发电(SRS/G)系统的应用背景,对系统的性能要求进行了描述,并给出了一台30kw.关磁阻电机(SRM)的定、转子叠片结构及尺寸。基于以上工作,对SRM的优化控制方法进行了研究:在起动阶段,SRM运行在电动状态,以平均转矩最... 详细信息

介绍了开关磁阻起动/发电(SRS/G)系统的应用背景,对系统的性能要求进行了描述,并给出了一台30kw.关磁阻电机(SRM)的定、转子叠片结构及尺寸。基于以上工作,对SRM的优化控制方法进行了研究:在起动阶段,SRM运行在电动状态,以平均转矩最大化作为优化目标,对包括解析、数值及浮角在内的三种优化控制方法进行了深入的研究,并对它们的优化结果进行了详细的比较及分析;在发电阶段,SRM运行在发电状态,以特定输出功率下的系统效率最大化作为优化目标,得到了使主功率损耗最小的优化励磁角。

关键词：多/全电飞机(M/A EA) 集成起动/发电机(IS/G) 开关磁阻电机(SRM) 优化励磁平均转矩效率最大化

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