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The role of carbonate-fluoride melt immiscibility in shallow Ree deposit evolution

Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 527-537页

作者： Jindrich Kynicky martin p.Smith Wenlei Song Anton R.Chakhmouradian Cheng Xu Antonin Kopriva Michaela Vasinova Galiova martin Brtnicky Mendel University in Brno Brno University of Technology University of Brighton University of Manitoba School of earth and Space Sciences Peking University

The Lugiin Gol nepheline syenite intrusion, Mongolia, hosts a range of carbonatite dikes mineralized in rare-earth elements(Ree). Both carbonatites and nepheline syenite-fluorite-calcite veinlets are host to a previously unreported macroscale texture involving pseudo-graphic intergrowths of fluorite and calcite. The inclusions within calcite occur as either pure fluorite, with associated Ree minerals within the surrounding calcite, or as mixed calcite-fluorite inclusions, with associated zirconosilicate minerals. Consideration of the nature of the texture, and the proportions of fluorite and calcite present(～29 and 71 mol%,respectively), indicates that these textures most likely formed either through the immiscible separation of carbonate and fluoride melts, or from cotectic crystallization of a carbonatefluoride melt. Laser ablation ICp-MS analyses show the pure fluorite inclusions to be depleted in Ree relative to the calcite. A model is proposed, in which a carbonate-fluoride melt phase enriched in Zr and the Ree, separated from a phonolitic melt, and then either unmixed or underwent cotectic crystallization to generate an Ree-rich carbonate melt and an Ree-poor fluoride phase. The separation of the fluoride phase(either solid or melt) may have contributed to the enrichment of the carbonate melt in Ree, and ultimately its saturation with Ree minerals. previous data have suggested that carbonate melts separated from silicate melts are relatively depleted in the Ree, and thus melt immiscibility cannot result in the formation of Ree-enriched carbonatites. The observations presented here provide a mechanism by which this could occur, as under either model the textures imply initial separation of a mixed carbonate-fluoride melt from a silicate magma. The separation of an Reeenriched carbonate-fluoride melt from phonolitic magma is a hitherto unrecognized mechanism for Ree-enrichment in carbonatites, and may play an important role in the formation of shallow magmatic R

关键词： Silicate-carbonate-fluoride melt immiscibility Carbonatite Alkaline syenite Shallow Ree deposit Lugiin Gol Mongolia

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pancreatic regenerating protein (regⅠ) and regⅠreceptor mRNA are upregulated in rat pancreas after induction of acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第28期12卷 4511-4516页

作者： martin H Bluth Sameer A patel Brian K Dieckgraefe Hiroshi Okamoto Michael e Zenilman Department of Surgery State University of New York-Downstate Medical CenterBrooklynNew YorkUnited States Department of Surgery Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUnited States Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUnited States Department of Biochemistry Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiJapan

AIM： pancreatic regenerating protein （reg Ⅰ ） stimulates pancreatic regeneration after pancreatectomy and is mitogenic to ductal and 13-cells. This suggests that reg Ⅰand its receptor may play a role in recovery after pancreatic injury. We hypothesized that reg Ⅰ and its receptor are induced in acute pancreatitis. MeTHODS： Acute pancreatitis was induced in male Wistar rats by retrograde injection of 3% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. pancreata and serum were collected 12, 24, and 36 hours after injection and from normal controls （4 rats/group）. Reg Ⅰ receptor mRNA, serum reg Ⅰ protein, and tissue reg Ⅰ protein levels were determined by Northern analysis, enzymelinked immunosorbent assay （eLISA）, and Western analysis, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to localize changes in reg Ⅰ and its receptor. ReSULTS： Serum amylase levels and histology confirmed necrotizing pancreatitis in taurocholate treated rats. There was no statistically significant change in serum reg Ⅰ concentrations from controls. However, Western blot demonstrated increased tissue levels of reg Ⅰ at 24 and 36 h. This increase was localized primarily to the acinar cells and the ductal cells by immunohistochemistry. Northern blot demonstrated a significant increase in reg Ⅰ receptor mRNA expression with pancreatitis. Immunohistochemistry localized this increase to the ductal cells, islets, and acinar cells. CONCLUSION： Acute pancreatitis results in increased tissue reg Ⅰ protein levels localized to the acinar and ductal cells, and a parallel threefold induction of reg Ⅰ receptor in the ductal cells, islets, and acinar cells. These changes suggest that induction of reg Ⅰand its receptor may be important for recovery from acute pancreatitis.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Reg, reg receptor Taurocholate Regeneration

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Skillful Seasonal Forecasts of Summer Surface Air Temperature in Western China by Global Seasonal Forecast System Version 5

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第8期35卷 59-68页

作者： Chaofan LI Riyu LU p.ilip.e. BeTT Adam A. SCAIFe Nicola martin Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Met Office Hadley Centre FitzRoy Road Exeter EX1 3PB UK College of engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Exeter Exeter Devon EX4 4QF UK

Variations of surface air temperature （SAT） are key in affecting the hydrological cycle, ecosystems and agriculture in western China in summer. This study assesses the seasonal forecast skill and reliability of SAT in western China, using the GloSea5 operational forecast system from the UK Met Office. Useful predictions are demonstrated, with considerable skill over most regions of western China. The temporal correlation coefficients of SAT between model predictions and observations axe larger than 0.6, in both northwestern China and the Tibetan plateau. There are two important sources of skill for these predictions in western China： interannual variation of SST in the western pacific and the SST trend in the tropical pacific. The tropical SST change in the recent two decades, with a warming in the western pacific and cooling in the eastern pacific, which is reproduced well by the forecast system, provides a large contribution to the skill of SAT in northwestern China. Additionally, the interannual variation of SST in the western pacific gives rise to the reliable prediction of SAT around the Tibetan plateau. It modulates convection around the Maritime Continent and further modulates the variation of SAT on the Tibetan plateau via the surrounding circulation. This process is evident irrespective of detrending both in observations and the model predictions, and acts as a source of skill in predictions for the Tibetan plateau. The predictability and reliability demonstrated in this study is potentially useful for climate services providing early warning of extreme climate events and could imply useful economic benefits.

关键词： seasonal forecast western China surface air temperature predictability warming trend

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Farm-scale evaluation of the impact of CrylAb Bt maize on canopy nontarget arthropods： a 3-year study

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 87-98页

作者： Maria Arias-martin Matias Garcia pedro Castanera Felix Ortego Gema p. Farinos Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas CSIC Departamento de Biologia Medioambiental Grupo de Interaccion Planta-lnsecto Ramiro deMaeztu 9 28040 Madrid Spain

The cultivation of CrylAb-expressing genetically modified MON810 （Bt maize） has led to public concern in europe, regarding its impact on nontarget arthro- pods （NTAs）. We have assessed the potential effects of DKC 6451 YG （MON810） maize on canopy NTAs in a farm-scale study performed in Central Spain during 3 years. The study focused on hemipteran herbivores （leafhoppers and planthoppers） and hymenopteran parasitic wasps （mymarids） collected by yellow sticky traps, which accounted for 72% of the total number of insects studied. The dynamics and abundance of these groups varied among years, but no significant differences were found between Bt and non-Bt maize, indicating that Bt maize had no negative effect on these taxa. Nonetheless, the CrylAb toxin was detected in 2 different arthropods collected from Bt maize foliage, the cicadellids Zyginidia scutellaris and empoasca spp. A retrospective power analysis on the arthropod abundance data for our field trials has determined that Z. scutellaris and the family My- maridae have high capacity to detect differences between the Bt maize and its isogenic counterpart. The use of these canopy NTAs as surrogates for assessing environmental impacts of Bt maize is discussed.

关键词： Cicadellidae MON810 Mymaridae risk assessment surrogate species Zyginidia scutellaris

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Seasonal Rainfall Forecasts for the Yangtze River Basin in the extreme Summer of 2020

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2212-2220,I0013页

作者： p.ilip.e.BeTT Gill M.martin Nick DUNSTONe Adam A.SCAIFe Hazel e.THORNTON Chaofan LI Met Office Hadley Centre FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK College of engineering Mathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX44QFUK Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Seasonal forecasts for Yangtze River basin rainfall in June,May–June–July(MJJ),and June–July–August(JJA)2020 are presented,based on the Met Office GloSea5 *** three-month forecasts are based on dynamical predictions of an east Asian Summer Monsoon(eASM)index,which is transformed into regional-mean rainfall through linear *** June rainfall forecasts for the middle/lower Yangtze River basin are based on linear regression of *** forecasts verify well in terms of giving strong,consistent predictions of above-average rainfall at lead times of at least three ***,the Yangtze region was subject to exceptionally heavy rainfall throughout the summer period,leading to observed values that lie outside the 95%prediction intervals of the three-month *** forecasts presented here are consistent with other studies of the 2020 eASM rainfall,whereby the enhanced mei-yu front in early summer is skillfully forecast,but the impact of midlatitude drivers enhancing the rainfall in later summer is not *** case study demonstrates both the utility of probabilistic seasonal forecasts for the Yangtze region and the potential limitations in anticipating complex extreme events driven by a combination of coincident factors.

关键词： seasonal forecasting flood forecasting Yangtze basin rainfall east Asian Summer Monsoon

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Conversion of Solar energy to Fuels by Inorganic Heterogeneous Systems

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催化学报 2011年第6期32卷 879-890页

作者： Kimfung LI David martin Department of Chemical engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JEUK

Over the last several years,the need to find clean and renewable energy sources has increased rapidly because current fossil fuels will not only eventually be depleted,but their continuous combustion leads to a dramatic increase in the carbon dioxide amount in *** of the Sun's radiation can provide a solution to both *** fuel can be generated by using solar energy to split water,and liquid fuels can be produced via direct CO2 *** would create an essentially free carbon or at least carbon neutral energy *** this tutorial review,the current progress in fuels' generation directly driven by solar energy is *** mechanisms are discussed with suggestions for future research.

关键词：固体超强碱氧化钙硝酸钾氧化铝氧化锆氢氧化钾硝酸钙

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Comparison of intravitreal ranibizumab and bevacizumab for the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2014年第1期7卷 86-91页

作者： Alex Yuan Baseer U.Ahmad David Xu Rishi p.Singh peter K.Kaiser Daniel F.martin Jonathan e.Sears Andrew p.Schachat Justis p.ehlers Vitreoretinal Service Cole Eye InstituteCleveland Clinic The Retina Institute

AIMTo compare the efficacy of ranibizumab and bevacizumab for macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

关键词： macular edema retinal vein occlusion bevacizumab ranibizumab optical coherence tomography

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The acceleration of a high-charge electron bunch to 10 GeV in a 10-cm nanoparticle-assisted wakefield accelerator

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Matter and Radiation at extremes 2024年第1期9卷 15-24页

作者： Constantin Aniculaesei Thanh Ha Samuel Yoffe Lance Labun Stephen Milton edward McCary Michael M.Spinks Hernan J.Quevedo Ou Z.Labun Ritwik Sain Andrea Hannasch Rafal Zgadzaj Isabella pagano Jose A.Franco-Altamirano martin L.Ringuette erhart Gaul Scott V.Luedtke Ganesh Tiwari Bernhard ersfeld enrico Brunetti Hartmut Ruhl Todd Ditmire Sandra Bruce Michael e.Donovan Michael C.Downer Dino A.Jaroszynski Bjorn Manuel Hegelich University of Texas at Austin AustinTexas 78712USA SUpA Department of physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowScotland G4 ONGUnited Kingdom Tau Systems Inc.AustinTexas 78701USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MunichGermany

An intense laser pulse focused onto a plasma can excite nonlinear plasma *** appropriate conditions,electrons from the background plasma are trapped in the plasma wave and accelerated to ultra-relativistic *** scheme is called a laser wakefield *** this work,we present results from a laser wakefield acceleration experiment using a petawatt-class laser to excite the wakefields as well as nanoparticles to assist the injection of electrons into the accelerating phase of the *** find that a 10-cm-long,nanoparticle-assisted laser wakefield accelerator can generate 340 pC,10±1.86 GeV electron bunches with a 3.4 GeV rms convolved energy spread and a 0.9 mrad rms *** can also produce bunches with lower energies in the 4–6 GeV range.

关键词： acceleration nanoparticle charge

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New and Unusual Cat's eyes and Asteriated Gems

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宝石和宝石学杂志（中英文） 2022年第1期24卷 1-11页

作者： martin p.Steinbach Lore Kiefert Jeanette Fiedler STeINBACH-Gems with a Star Idar-Oberstein 55743Germany Dr.Lore Kiefert Gemmology Consulting Heidelberg 69115Germany DDI-Foundation German Diamond Institute Pforzheim 75172Germany

The article describes 6 types of gemstones which show phenomena such as chatoyancy and *** gemstones have not been described before,either because they come from new sources,or because the phenomenon has not been seen before in the type of gemstone *** from the new sources are star garnet from the Karelia province in Russia,and star garnet from the Jiangsu province in *** usually does not show a cat’s eye effect,but the two described samples display a weak cat’s *** unusual white quartz from Brazil with a sharp cat’s eye is described,as well as a star sapphire with two differently coloured stars on each side of the cabochon,as well as a trapiche-type *** stones were tested with gemmological,microscopic,and advanced techniques and the results are presented.

关键词： cat’s eye star asterism chatoyancy quartz grandidierite sapphire garnet

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Feeding Calcium Salts of Linseed Oil on Metabolic Status and Reproductive Traits in Grazing Dairy Cows

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 219-233页

作者： Jesica Daniela Iorio Yaliska Moreno González Maria Florencia Olmeda Dino Curletto Daniel edgardo Scandolo martin Guillermo Maciel Rafael Alejandro palladino Mauricio Javier Giuliodori eloy eduardo Salado School of Agriculture of the University of Buenos Aires (FAUBA) Buenos Aires Argentina Faculty of Agricultural Sciences National University of Lomas de Zamora (UNLZ) Lomas de Zamora Argentina Rafaela Agricultural experiment Station National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) Rafaela Argentina Faculty of Veterinary Science La Plata National University (FCV) La Plata Argentina

This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of calcium salts of linseed oil (rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) on metabolic and reproductive traits in high-producing dairy cows under grazing. Thirty-six Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned, in a complete block design, to receive ALA supplementation (0.85 kg∙day−1 of calcium salts of linseed oil) or to remain as untreated control (CON). The concentrate was formulated to offer the same amount of energy across treatments (CON cows received an extra kg of corn to compensate for the higher energy density of ALA treatment). A pMR + Alfalfa pasture was offered to all cows at the same time. A fixed time artiﬁcial insemination (FTAI) at 80 DIM, preceded by a presynch plus Ovsynch protocol was implemented for the first service and later, on return to estrus, heat detection and artiﬁcial insemination (AI) were performed. pregnancy diagnosis was checked at 30, 42, 60, and 90 d after AI. Blood and milk samples were taken biweekly. Treatment affected plasma cholesterol concentration (160.36 vs. 186.70 mg∙dl−1, p = 0.03, for ALA and CON, respectively) and on size of corpus luteum (CL, 17.6 vs. 13.7 mm, p = 0.02, for ALA and CON, respectively). Supplementation tended (p = 0.136) to increase conception rate by 200 DIM (81.69% vs. 55.43% in ALA and CON cows, respectively). However, treatment had no effect (p > 0.05) on body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), and circulating levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, insulin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). Our results suggest that supplementation with calcium salts of linseed oil could enhance ovarian function without affecting energy metabolism in early lactation dairy cows.

关键词： α-Linolenic Acid Supplementation Reproduction Grazing Dairy Cows

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