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Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.V.p.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

Small molecule inhibitor DDQ-treated hippocampal neuronal cells show improved neurite outgrowth and synaptic branching

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2624-2632页

作者： Jangampalli Adi pradeepkiran priyanka Rawat Arubala p.Reddy Erika Orlov pHemachandra Reddy Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Human SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of pharmacology&Neuroscience Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Neurology Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA

The process of neurite outgrowth and branching is a crucial aspect of neuronal development and *** and dendrites,sometimes referred to as neurites,are extensions of a neuron's cellular body that are used to start *** we explored the effects of diethyl(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ)on neurite developmental features in HT22 neuronal *** this work,we examined the protective effects of DDQ on neuronal processes and synaptic outgrowth in differentiated HT22cells expressing mutant Tau(mTau)*** investigate DDQ chara cteristics,cell viability,biochemical,molecular,western blotting,and immunocytochemistry were *** outgrowth is evaluated through the segmentation and measurement of neural *** neural processes can be seen and measured with a fluorescence microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neurite *** neuronal processes can be observed and quantified with a fluorescent microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neuronal ***-treated mTau-HT22 cells(HT22 cells transfected with cDNA mutant Tau)were seen to display increased levels of synaptophysin,MAp-2,andβ-***,we confirmed and noted reduced levels of both total and p-Tau,as well as elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein 2,β-tubulin,synaptophysin,vesicular acetylcholine transporter,and the mitochondrial biogenesis protein-pe roxisome prolife rator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α.In mTa u-expressed HT22 neurons,we observed DDQ enhanced the neurite characteristics and improved neurite development through increased synaptic *** findings conclude that mTa u-HT22(Alzheimer's disease)cells treated with DDQ have functional neurite developmental chara *** key finding is that,in mTa u-HT22 cells,DDQ preserves neuronal structure and may even enhance nerve development function with mTa u inhibition.

关键词： diethyl(3 4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ) hippocampal neuronal cells HT22 neurite outgrowth neuronal development small molecule

Analysis of Cognitive Radio for LTE and 5G Waveforms

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第12期43卷 1207-1217页

作者： Ramesh ramamoorthy Himanshu Sharma A.Akilandeswari Nidhi Gour Arun Kumar Mehedi Masud Centre for Artificial Intelligence Chennai Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering JECRC UniversityJaipur303905India Institute of ECE Saveetha School of EngineeringChennaiIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JECRC UniversityJaipur303905India Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif University11099Saudi Arabia

Spectrum sensing is one of the major concerns in reaching an efficientQuality of service (QOS) in the advanced mobile communication system. Theadvanced engineering sciences such as 5G, device 2 device communications(D2D), Internet of things (IoT), MIMO require a large spectrum for better *** frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is not a choice in advancedradio due to the Cyclic prefix (Cp), wastage of the spectrum, and so on. Hence, itis important to explore the spectral efficient advanced waveform techniques andcombine a cognitive radio (CR) with the 5G waveform to sense the idle spectrum,which overcomes the spectrum issue. The demand for spectrum is ever increasing;however, spectrum is limited and is an acutely scarce resource. To alleviate theissue, techniques like Cognitive Radios (CR) have been devised. However, suchtechniques are non-standardized, and many variations of CR algorithms have beentried and tested. This paper details the several spectrum sensing methods tailoredfor CR. We explain the benefits, uniqueness, and drawbacks of the various techniques to provide a comprehensive review of the scene, including all recent andnovel techniques of CR. Finally, we provided experimental results for the performance of the CR for key 5G and beyond modulation techniques to elaborate thedependency of the CR techniques for CR applications and provide a competitivereview of their performance. Experiments show that the CR integrated withNOMA shows better performance as compared with existing techniques.

关键词： CR Energy detection FBMC NOMA OFDM

Bioanalytical methods for metabolomic profiling:Detection of head and neck cancer,including oral cancer

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第4期26卷 407-415页

作者： Nirbhay S.Jain Ulrich H.N.Drr Ayyalusamy ramamoorthy Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Biophysics University of Michigan

Metabolomics is an emerging field dealing with the measurement and interpretation of small molecular byproducts of biochemical processes, or metabolites, which can be used to generate profiles from biological samples. promising for use in pathophysiology, metabolomic profiles give the immediate biological state of a sample. These profiles are altered in diseases and are detectable in biological samples, such as tissue, blood, urine, saliva, and others. Most remarkably, metabolic profiles usually are altered before symptoms appear in a patient. For this reason, metabolomics has potential as a reliable method for an early diagnosis of diseases through disease biomarker identification. This application is most prevalent in cancer, such as head and neck cancer （HNC）. Metabolomic studies offer avenues to improve on current medical techniques through the application of mass spectrometry （MS）, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （NMR）, and statistical analysis to determine better biomarkers than those currently known. In this review, we discuss the use of MS and NMR tools for detecting biomarkers in tissue and fluid samples, and the appropriateness of metabolomics in analyzing cancer. Advantages, disadvantages, and recent studies on metabolomic profiling techniques in HNC analysis are also discussed herein.

关键词： MetabolomicsNMRMSCancerBiomarker discoveryMetabolites

Novel Apodized Fiber Bragg GratingApplied for Medical Sensors:performance Investigation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第4期135卷 301-323页

作者： Ramya Arumugam ramamoorthy Kumar Samiappan Dhanalakshmi Khin Wee Lai Lei Jiao Xiang Wu Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering College of Engineering and TechnologySRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathurChengalpattu603203India Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia General Hospital of Xuzhou Mining Group Xuzhou221000China School of Medical Information&Engineering Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou221000China

Sensors play an important role in shaping and monitoring human *** of methods to use Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG)with enhanced sensitivity has attracted great interest in the field of medical *** this paper,a novel apodization function is proposed and performance evaluation and optimization of the same have been made.A comparison was conducted between various existing apodization functions and the proposed one based on optical characteristics and sensor *** results evince the implementation of the proposed apodization function for vital sign *** optical characteristics considered for evaluation are peak Resonance Reflectivity level,Side Lobes Reflectivity level and FullWidth HalfMaximum(FWHM).The proposed novel apodization novel function has better FWHM,which is narrower than the FWHM of uniform *** characteristics like a quality parameter,detection accuracy and sensitivity also show *** proposed novel apodization function is demonstrated to have a better shift in wavelength in terms of temperature and pulse measurement than the existing *** sensitivity of the proposed apodized function is enhanced with a poly-dimethylsiloxane coating of varying thickness,which is 6 times and 5.14 times greater than uniform Fiber Bragg grating and FBG with the proposed novel apodization function,respectively,enhancing its utilization in the field of medicine.

关键词： Fiber bragg grating apodization optical sensing temperature strain sensitivity

Minimization of Switching Devices and Driver Circuits in Multilevel Inverter

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第10期7卷 3371-3383页

作者： S. Jawahar p. ramamoorthy HOD/Electrical VSVN Polytechnic College Virudhunagar India ECE Adhitya Institute of Technology Coimbatore India

The various configurations of multilevel inverter involve the use of more numbers of switching devices, energy storage devices and/or unidirectional devices. Each switching unit necessitates the add-on driver circuit for proper functionality. Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter requires overlapped switching pulses for the switching devices in positive and negative arms of the bridge which may lead to short circuit during the device failure. This work addresses the problems in different configurations of multilevel inverter by using reduced number of switching and energy storage devices and driver circuits. In the present approach Single Switch is used for each stair case positive output and single H-Bridge for phase reversal. Driver circuits are reduced by using the property of body diode of the MOSFET. Switching pulses are generated by Arduino Development Board. The circuit is simulated using Matlab. More so, through experimental means, it is physically tested and results are analyzed for the 5-step inverter and thereby simulation is fully validated. Consequently, cycloconverter operation of the circuit is simulated using Matlab. Moreover, half bridge configuration of the multilevel inverter is also analyzed for high frequency induction heating applications.

关键词： H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter Single Switch Multilevel Inverter Body Diode Switching Angle THD Cycloconverter Half Bridge Multilevel Inverter

From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald p.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SpAST spastin

Machine learning applications in healthcare clinical practice and research

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 16-21页

作者： Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis Stavros p papadakos Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece 2^(nd)Department of Radiology “Attikon”General University HospitalMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari 12462Greece Department of Gastroenterology Laiko General HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece

Machine learning(ML)is a type of artificial intelligence that assists computers in the acquisition of knowledge through data analysis,thus creating machines that can complete tasks otherwise requiring human *** its various applications,it has proven groundbreaking in healthcare as well,both in clinical practice and *** this editorial,we succinctly introduce ML applications and present a study,featured in the latest issue of the World Journal of Clinical *** authors of this study conducted an analysis using both multiple linear regression(MLR)and ML methods to investigate the significant factors that may impact the estimated glomerular filtration rate in healthy women with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Their results implicated age as the most important determining factor in both groups,followed by lactic dehydrogenase,uric acid,forced expiratory volume in one second,and *** addition,for the NAFLD-group,the 5th and 6th most important impact factors were thyroid-stimulating hormone and systolic blood pressure,as compared to plasma calcium and body fat for the NAFLD+***,the study's distinctive contribution lies in its adoption of ML methodologies,showcasing their superiority over traditional statistical approaches(herein MLR),thereby highlighting the potential of ML to represent an invaluable advanced adjunct tool in clinical practice and research.

关键词： Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Clinical practice Research Glomerular filtration rate Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Medicine