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Impact of some chlorinated pesticides on the haematology of the fish Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2004年第4期16卷 631-634页

作者： Shanta Satyanarayan rajesh S. Bejankiwar p.r. chaudhari J.p.Kotangale Ahana Satyanarayan National Environmental Engineering research Institute(NEErI) Department of Civil & Environmental EngineeringNational Environmental Engineering Research Institute(NEERI)National Environmental Engineering Research Institute(NEERI)Government Medical College Nagpur 440020 India University of Windsor Windsor N9B 3P4 Ontario Canada Nagpur 440020 India Nagpur 440020 India Nagpur 440025 India

The effects of pesticides on blood characteristics and histological changes in erythrocytes of the fish species Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto were studied. The fishes were exposed to sub lethal concentrations of different chlorinated pesticides namely aldrin, dieldrin, DDT, BHC and chlordane for 10, 20 and 30 d in continuous flow-through test. The LC 50 values were calculated based on acute toxicity tests and the sublethal doses were arrived at for chronic bioassay studies. results showed an increase in haemoglobin content of both Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto in case of aldrin and dieldrin. Haemoglobin content reduced from an initial 13 g/100 ml to 8.07 and 10.15 g/100 ml in case of Cyprinus at the end of ten days exposure to aldrin and dieldrin respectively, and gradually increased to 8.7 g/100 ml and 10.15 g/100 ml after 20 d of exposure. The haemoglobin content after 30 d exposure to aldrin and dieldrin was 10.15 g/100 ml and 11.6 g/100 ml respectively. In case of puntius ticto, the haemoglobin content in control fishes recorded was 12.8 g/100 ml while in case of fish exposed to aldrin, the haemoglobin content reduced initially on ten days exposure to 10.15 g/100 ml and increased to 11.6 g/100 ml and 13.0 g/100 ml during twenty days and thirty days exposure respectively. This trend was also observed with dieldrin in both the fishes studied. red blood cells were also counted in case of all the pesticides and exposure p.r.ods with respect to Cyprinus carpio and puntius ticto. Irrespective of the species and pesticide, the rBC counts uniformly showed decreasing trend with the increase in exposure p.r.od, while packed cell volume, pCV(%) showed increasing trend with respect to increase in exposure p.r.od in case of aldrin and dieldrin in both the fishes. But DDT, BHC and chlordane showed decreasing trend in pCV(%) values with increasing p.r.ods of exposure.

关键词： histology aldrin dieldrin DDT BHC chlordane

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Childhood opp.r.unity and ap.r.priate use of child safety restraints in motor vehicle collisions

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World Journal of pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 142-149页

作者： Stephanie Y Chen Iris Garcia Shadassa Ourshalimian Chantel Lowery pradip p chaudhari ryan G Sp.r.ier pediatric Surgery Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Injury prevention program Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Emergency and Transp.r. Medicine Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA pediatrics University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Surgery University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Objectives Safety restraints reduce injuries from motor vehicle collisions(MVCs)but are often improp.r.y applied or not *** Childhood Opp.r.unity Index(COI)reflects social determinants of health and its study in pediatric trauma is *** hypothesized that MVC patients from low-opp.r.unity neighborhoods are less likely to be ap.r.priately *** A retrospective cross-sectional study was p.r.ormed on children/adolescents≤18 years old in MVCs between January 1,2011 and December 31,*** were identified from the Children's Hospital Los Angeles trauma *** outcome was safety restraint use(ap.r.priately restrained,not ap.r.priately restrained).COI levels by home zip codes were stratified as very low,low,moderate,high,and very *** regression controlling for age identified factors associated with safety restraint *** Of 337 patients,73.9%were ap.r.priately restrained and 26.1%were not ap.r.priately *** with ap.r.priately restrained patients,more not ap.r.priately restrained patients were from low-COI(26.1%vs 20.9%),high-COI(14.8%vs 10.8%)and very high-COI(10.2%vs 3.6%)*** analysis demonstrated no significant associations in ap.r.priate restraint use and *** was a non-significant trend that children/adolescents from moderate-COI neighborhoods were more likely than those from very low-COI neighborhoods to be ap.r.priately restrained(Or=1.82,95%CI 0.78,4.28).Conclusion Injury prevention initiatives focused on safety restraints should target families of children from all neighborhood types.

关键词： MVC restrained neighborhood

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Variation in the Flaring potential of Different Sunspot Groups During Different phases of Solar Cycles 23 and 24

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 144-153页

作者： Abha Singh Anurag chaudhari Gyaneshwar Sharma A.K.Singh Dep.r.ment of physics T.D.P.G.College Jaunpur-222002India Dep.r.ment of physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

In this present study,we have analyzed different types of X-ray solar flares(C,M,and X classes)coming out from different classes of sunspot groups(SSGs).The data which we have taken under this study cover the duration of 24 yr from 1996 to *** this,we observed a total of 15015 flares(8417 in SC-23 and 6598 in SC-24)emitted from a total of 33780 active regions(21746 in SC-23 and 12034 in SC-24)with sunspot *** defined the flaring potential or flare-production potential as the ratio of the total number of flares produced from a p.r.icular type of SSG to the total number of the same-class SSGs observed on the solar *** we studied yearly changes in the flaring potential of different McIntosh class groups of sunspots in different phases of SC-23 and *** addition,we investigated yearly variations in the potential of producing flares by different SSGs(A,B,C,D,E,F,and H)during different phases(ascending,maximum,descending,and minimum)of SC-23 and *** are our findings:(1)D,E,and F SSGs have the potential of producing flares≥8 times greater than A,B,C and H SSGs;(2)The larger and more complex D,E,and F SSGs produced nearly 80%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(3)The A,B,C and H SSGs,which are smaller and simpler,produced only 20%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(4)The biggest and most complex SSGs of F-class have flaring potential 1.996 and 3.443 p.r.SSG in SC-23 and 24,respectively.(5)The potential for producing flares in each SSG is higher in SC-24 than in SC-23,although SC-24 is a weaker cycle than SC-23.(6)The alterations in the number of flares(C+M+X)show different time profiles than the alterations in sunspot numbers during SC-23 and 24,with several peaks.(7)The SSGs of C,D,E,and H-class have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of both SC-23 and 24.(8)F-class SSGs have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of SC-23 but also in the maximum phase of SC-24.

关键词： (Sun:)sunspots-Sun flares-Sun activity-Sun magnetic fields-Sun filaments-prominences

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Effect of Biosynthesized Silver Nanop.r.icles on Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Quenching and prevention of Biofilm Formation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2012年第1期4卷 34-39页

作者： pratik r.chaudhari Shalaka A.Masurkar Vrishali B.Shidore Suresh p.Kamble Center for Biotechnology Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences

The development of green exp.r.mental processes for the synthesis of nanop.r.icles is a need in the field of nanotechnology. The synthesis of silver nanop.r.icles was achieved using Bacillus cereus sup.r.atant and1 m M silver nitrate. 100 m M glucose was found to quicken the rate of reaction of silver nanop.r.icles ***-visible spectrophotometric analysis was carried out to assess the synthesis of silver nanop.r.icles. The synthesized silver nanop.r.icles were further characterized by using Nanop.r.icle Tracking Analyzer(NTA),Transmission Electron Microscope and Energy Disp.r.ive X-ray spectra. These silver nanop.r.icles showed enhanced quorum quenching activity against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and prevention of biofilm formation which can be seen under inverted microscope(40 X). The synergistic effect of silver nanop.r.icles along with antibiotics in biofilm quenching was found to be effective. In the near future, silver nanop.r.icles could be used in the treatment of infections caused by highly antibiotic resistant biofilm.

关键词： Silver Nanop.r.icles Green Synthesis Bacillus cereus Biofilm Quorum Quenching

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rapid Biosynthesis of Silver Nanop.r.icles Using Cymbopogan Citratus (Lemongrass) and its Antimicrobial Activity

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Nano-Micro Letters 2011年第3期3卷 189-194页

作者： Shalaka A.Masurkar pratik r.chaudhari Vrishali B.Shidore Suresh p.Kamble pravara Institute of Medical Sciences

The present study deals with the rapid green synthesis of silver nanop.r.icles using fresh leaves of Cymbopogan Citratus(Lemongrass). Silver nanop.r.icles were formed within 8～10 minutes by microwave irradiation using aqueous solution of Ag NO3(1 m M) with fresh leaves extract of Cymbopogan Citratus. The synthesized silver nanop.r.icles were characterized by using UV-visible spectrophotometer analysis, nanop.r.icle tracking analyzer, transmission electron microscope and energy disp.r.ive X-ray spectra. The antibacterial activity of these nanop.r.icles was studied against multiple drug resistant hospital isolates of ***, ***,*** and hospital isolates of S. typhi, ***. Also, the antifungal activity of these nanop.r.icles was studied against ***(hospital isolate) and ***(NCIM 616). The synergistic effect of silver nanop.r.icles along with antibiotics was also studied against multiple drug resistant hospital isolates and found to be effective. The extracellular synthesis of Silver nanop.r.icles using leaves of Cymbopogan Citratus appears to be rapid and eco-friendly.

关键词： Green synthesis Cymbopogan Citratus Nanop.r.icle tracking analyzer Transmission electron microscope Energy disp.r.ive X-ray spectra

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Influence of alkali metal doping on surface prop.r.ies and catalytic activity/selectivity of CaO catalysts in oxidative coupling of methane

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2008年第4期17卷 313-320页

作者： V.H.rane S.T.chaudhari V.r.Choudhary Chemical Engineering and process Development Division National Chemical Laboratory

Surface prop.r.ies （viz. surface area, basicity/base strength distribution, and crystal phases） of alkali metal doped CaO （alkali metal/Ca= 0.1 and 0.4） catalysts and their catalytic activity/selectivity in oxidative coupling of methane （OCM） to higher hydrocarbons at different reaction conditions （viz. temp.r.ture, 700 and 750 ℃; CH4/O2 ratio, 4.0 and 8.0 and space velocity, 5140-20550 cm^3 ·g^-1·h^-1） have been investigated. The influence of catalyst calcination temp.r.ture on the activity/selectivity has also been investigated. The surface prop.r.ies （viz. surface area, basicity/base strength distribution） and catalytic activity/selectivity of the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts are strongly influenced by the alkali metal promoter and its concentration in the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts. An addition of alkali metal promoter to CaO results in a large decrease in the surface area but a large increase in the surface basicity （strong basic sites） and the C2＋ selectivity and yield of the catalysts in the OCM process. The activity and selectivity are strongly influenced by the catalyst calcination temp.r.ture. No direct relationship between surface basicity and catalytic activity/selectivity has been observed. Among the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts, Na-CaO （Na/Ca = 0.1, before calcination） catalyst （calcined at 750 ℃）, showed best p.r.ormance （C2＋ selectivity of 68.8% with 24.7% methane conversion）, whereas the poorest p.r.ormance was shown by the rb-CaO catalyst in the OCM process.

关键词： oxidative coupling of methane alkali metal doped CaO catalysts basicity/base strength distribution catalytic activity/selectivity

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Oxidative coupling of methane over La-promoted CaO catalysts:Influence of precursors and catalyst prep.r.tion method

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2010年第1期19卷 25-30页

作者： Vilas H. rane Sopan T. chaudhari Vasant r. Choudhary Chemical Engineering and process Development Division National Chemical LaboratoryPune India

The oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons has been studied over a series of La-promoted CaO （La/Ca = 0.05） catalysts, prep.r.d using different precursor salts for CaO and La2O3 （viz. acetates, carbonates, nitrates and hydroxides） and catalyst prep.r.tion methods （viz. physical mixing of precursors, co-precipitation using ammonium carbonate/sodium carbonate as a precipitating agent）, under different reaction conditions （temp.r.ture： 700-850 ℃, CH4/O2 ratio： 4.0 and 8.0, and GHSV： 51360 cm^3·g^-1·h^- 1）. The surface area and surface basicity/base strength distribution of the catalysts have also been investigated. The surface prop.r.ies and catalytic activity/selectivity of the La-promoted CaO catalysts vary from catalyst to catalyst depending on the catalyst precursors used and catalyst prep.r.tion method. The basicity/base strength distribution is strongly influenced by the precursors （for CaO and La2O3） and catalyst prep.r.tion method. Basicity （total and strong basic sites measured in terms of CO2 chemisorbed at 50℃ and 500 ℃, respectively） observed for the catalyst prep.r.d by co-precipitation method is higher than that of the catalysts prep.r.d by physical mixing method. The catalysts prep.r.d by the nitrates of La- and Ca- and co- precipitated by the solution of sodium carbonate and ammonium carbonate exhibit different catalytic p.r.ormance in OCM. The finding that no direct relationship between the surface basicity and catalytic activity/selectivity in OCM exists indicates that basicity is not solely responsible for obtaining high selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons.

关键词： oxidative coupling of methane La-promoted CaO catalysts basicity distribution

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Highlights from the literature on risk assessment techniques adopted in the mining industry:A review of past contributions,recent developments and future scope

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第4期26卷 691-702页

作者： Verma Shikha chaudhari Sharad Dep.r.ment of Mechanical Engineering YCCE CollegeRTMNU Dep.r.ment of Mechanical Engineering YCCE College

In this pap.r.a comprehensive review is presented of risk assessment techniques adopted in the mining industry worldwide;those techniques applied in other hazardous industries and potential techniques which are robust,mature and holistic and can be implemented for the Indian mining industry in future to enhance workplace safety are also *** from the review are indicative of the fact that socio-technical complexity of industrial systems has *** developments in the area of risk management highlight the need for implementation of the latest robust techniques of risk assessment in the mining *** consideration of the present scenario,the development of a model for risk analysis having an interface between hazard identification and risk assessment,along with an interface between risk assessment and accident causation to predict if an accident will occur under given conditions,has become dire *** will increase hazard awareness and enable mine management to select and prioritize problem areas and identify safety system weaknesses in both underground and surface *** will ultimately help decision makers,risk analysts and safety managers make a major contribution in the development of workplace safety with a near-to-zero accident rate.

关键词： risk risk assessment Mining HazardSafety

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A GFp-based bacterial biosensor with chromosomally integrated sensing cassette for quantitative detection of Hg(Ⅱ) in environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 963-968页

作者： Himanshu priyadarshi Absar Alam Gireesh-Babu p.r.kha Das pankaj Kishore Shivendra Kumar Ap.r.a chaudhari College of Fisheries (CAU) Lembucherra Tripura 799210 India Dep.r.ment of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Central Institute of Fisheries Education Dep.r.ment of Fish processing Technology Central Institute of Fisheries Education Dep.r.ment of Fish Nutrition and Biochemistry Central Institute of Fisheries Education Krishi Vigyan Kendra Rajendra Agricultural University

A mercury biosensor was constructed by integrating biosensor genetic elements into E. coli JM109 chromosome in a single copy number, using the attp/attB recombination mechanism of λ phage. The genetic elements used include a regulatory protein gene （merr） along with op.r.tor/promoter （O/p） derived from the mercury resistance op.r.n from pDU1358 plasmid of Serratia marcescens. The expression of rep.r.er gene gfp is also controlled by merr/O/p. Integration of the construct into the chromosome was done to increase the stability and precision of the biosensor. This biosensor could detect Hg（Ⅱ） ions in the concentration range of 100–1700 nmol/L, and manifest the result as the expression of GFp. The GFp expression was significantly different （p 0.05） for each concentration of inducing Hg（Ⅱ） ions in the detection range, which reduces the chances of misinterpretation of results. A model using regression method was also derived for the quantification of the concentration of Hg（Ⅱ） in water samples.

关键词： attp/attB integration E. coli biosensor GFp mercury

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Formulation and characterization of extruded and spheronized pellets using pectin and crosslinking agents

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Journal of Chinese pharmaceutical Sciences 2014年第11期23卷 790-798页

作者： pallavi M.chaudhari pravin D.chaudhari padmashree Dr.D.Y.patil College of pharmacy Akurdi Pune-411044 India p.E.Society's Modern College of pharmacy NigdiPune-411044 India

The aim of this study was to prep.r. pellets of gliclazide by extrusion spheronization process by use of two methods in situ cross linking method and interfacial complexation method and to study the effect of different cross linking agents on the formed pellets. Extrusion/spheronization being an established technique for producing spherical pellets so this technique was used to prep.r. pellets. The gliclazide pellets prep.r.d by extrusion-spheronization techniques and then the formed pellets were coated with pectin solution by interfacial complexation method. The effect of cross-linkers calcium chloride and aluminium chloride concentration, by in situ cross linking on prop.r.ies of gliclazide pellets like swelling and drug release were studied. The formed pellets were subjected to swelling, analysis of morphology, in dissolution and vivo studies. Most of the pellets were of acceptable shape. From the results calcium chloride when coated with pectin, retarded drug release. As the concentration of calcium chloride increased, it led to slow release of the drug. This may be due to the water solubility of calcium salt, which induced cross linking with pectin. Thus pellets with calcium chloride cross linked with pectin were beneficial, because it retarded the release of the drug. Though the release from interfacial coated pellets was retarded, it was less as comp.r.d to the in situ formed pellets. The in vivo studies on alloxan-induced diabetic rats indicated the significant hypoglycemic effect that was observed 24 h after oral administration of optimized pellets. Thus, the developed and optimized pellets were suitable for prolonged systemic absorption of gliclazide to maintain lower blood glucose level and improved patient compliance. The results suggested that the in situ cross linking pellets were able to retard the release of gliclazide greater than the interfacial complexation method. Therefore, this ap.r.ach has been effectively achieved.

关键词： Extrusion-spheronization Gliclazide pellets pectin Anti-diabetic activity

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