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Cholera outbreak caused by drinking lake water contaminated with human faeces in Kaiso Village,Hoima District,Western Uganda,October 2015

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Infectious Diseases of poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1294-1300页

作者： David W.Oguttu A.Okullo G.Bwire p.nsubuga A.R.Ario Uganda public Health Fellowship program-Field Epidemiology Track P.O.Box 7272KampalaUganda Ministry of Health KampalaUganda African Field Epidemiology Network KampalaUganda

Background:On 12 October 2015,a cholera outbreak involving 65 cases and two deaths was reported in a fishing village in Hoima District,Western *** initial response by the local health department,the outbreak *** conducted an investigation to identify the source and mode of transmission,and recommend evidenceled interventions to control and prevent cholera outbreaks in this ***:We defined a suspected case as the onset of acute watery diarrhoea from 1 October to 2 November 2015 in a resident of Kaiso Village.A confirmed case was a suspected case who had Vibrio cholerae isolated from *** found cases by record review and active community case *** performed descriptive epidemiologic analysis for hypothesis *** an unmatched case-control study,we compared exposure histories of 61 cases and 126 controls randomly selected among asymptomatic village *** also conducted an environmental assessment and obtained meteorological data from a weather ***:We identified 122 suspected cases,of which six were culture-confirmed,47 were confirmed positive with a rapid diagnostic test and two *** two deceased cases had onset of the disease on 2 October and 10 October,*** rainfall occurred on 7-11 October;a point-source outbreak occurred on 12-15 October,followed by continuous community transmission for two *** residents usually collected drinking water from three lakeshore points-A,B and C:9.8%(6/61)of case-persons and 31%(39/126)of control-persons were found to usually use point A,21%(13/61)of case-persons and 37%(46/126)of control-persons were found to usually use point B(OR=1.8,95%CI:0.64-5.3),and 69%(42/61)of case-persons and 33%(41/126)of control-persons were found to usually use point C(OR=6.7;95%CI:2.5-17)for water *** case-persons(61/61)and 93%(117/126)of control-persons reportedly never treated/boiled drinking water(OR=∞,95%CIFisher:1.0-∞).The village’s piped water syste

关键词： Cholera Outbreak Faeces Lake water Uganda

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Distributed Full-Order Sliding Mode Control for Finite-Time Attitude Synchronization and Tracking of Spacecraft

Distributed Full-Order Sliding Mode Control for Finite-Time ...

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作者： nsubuga Latifu 北京理工大学

学位级别：硕士

多航天器姿态控制系统受个别故障的影响较小,并且能够高效且廉价地完成任务,使得廉价航天器得以发展。这些系统具有鲁棒性,高效性,可靠性以及降低的通信成本等特性。凭借这些极具吸引力的特点,航天器同步控制已经在空间成像,空间探索,... 详细信息

多航天器姿态控制系统受个别故障的影响较小,并且能够高效且廉价地完成任务,使得廉价航天器得以发展。这些系统具有鲁棒性,高效性,可靠性以及降低的通信成本等特性。凭借这些极具吸引力的特点,航天器同步控制已经在空间成像,空间探索,卫星监视,地形测绘和干涉测量等领域得到应用。本文研究当虚拟领航者的时变参考姿态仅对一组成员的子集可用、跟随者交互拓扑为加权无向连通图时航天器的有限时间同步姿态跟踪问题,其中航天器姿态系统采用修正的罗德里格斯参数（MRps）模型。本文重点研究了多航天器的分布式有限时间姿态同步跟踪的全阶滑膜控制方法,以实现高精度的姿态跟踪和同步性能,提出的全阶滑模面由两层滑模面组成,快速非奇异终端滑模面为内层,终端滑模面为外层。基于该全阶滑模面,提出了实现对虚拟领航者参考轨迹姿态同步跟踪的两种分布式有限时间控制律:1)针对多航天器系统动力学模型中惯性矩阵固定并且外部干扰的一阶导数上限已知的情况,提出了一种分布式全阶滑模控制律;2)针对多航天器系统动力学模型中惯性矩阵具有参数不确定性并且外部干扰的一阶导数上限未知的情况,提出了一种自适应分布式全阶滑模控制律。所提出的控制律均是连续的,因为它们是通过不连续项的积分获得的,并且保证姿态误差在有限时间内收敛至原点周围区域。为了确保闭环系统的有限时间稳定性,采用李雅普诺夫定理的有限时间稳定性进行证明。最后,对所提出的两种控制方法均进行了数值仿真验证。为了评估所提出的控制律的性能,将其与已有的基于快速非奇异终端滑模控制进行比较,仿真结果验证了本文所提出的控制律在收敛速度和控制精度方面的优势。

关键词：姿态协同跟踪有限时间控制分布式控制全阶滑模控制自适应控制一致性算法

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Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.V.p.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

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Small molecule inhibitor DDQ-treated hippocampal neuronal cells show improved neurite outgrowth and synaptic branching

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2624-2632页

作者： Jangampalli Adi pradeepkiran priyanka Rawat Arubala p.Reddy Erika Orlov pHemachandra Reddy Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Human SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of pharmacology&Neuroscience Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Neurology Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA

The process of neurite outgrowth and branching is a crucial aspect of neuronal development and *** and dendrites,sometimes referred to as neurites,are extensions of a neuron's cellular body that are used to start *** we explored the effects of diethyl(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ)on neurite developmental features in HT22 neuronal *** this work,we examined the protective effects of DDQ on neuronal processes and synaptic outgrowth in differentiated HT22cells expressing mutant Tau(mTau)*** investigate DDQ chara cteristics,cell viability,biochemical,molecular,western blotting,and immunocytochemistry were *** outgrowth is evaluated through the segmentation and measurement of neural *** neural processes can be seen and measured with a fluorescence microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neurite *** neuronal processes can be observed and quantified with a fluorescent microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neuronal ***-treated mTau-HT22 cells(HT22 cells transfected with cDNA mutant Tau)were seen to display increased levels of synaptophysin,MAp-2,andβ-***,we confirmed and noted reduced levels of both total and p-Tau,as well as elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein 2,β-tubulin,synaptophysin,vesicular acetylcholine transporter,and the mitochondrial biogenesis protein-pe roxisome prolife rator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α.In mTa u-expressed HT22 neurons,we observed DDQ enhanced the neurite characteristics and improved neurite development through increased synaptic *** findings conclude that mTa u-HT22(Alzheimer's disease)cells treated with DDQ have functional neurite developmental chara *** key finding is that,in mTa u-HT22 cells,DDQ preserves neuronal structure and may even enhance nerve development function with mTa u inhibition.

关键词： diethyl(3 4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ) hippocampal neuronal cells HT22 neurite outgrowth neuronal development small molecule

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Characterizing Rainfall of the Great Kei River Catchment, Eastern Cape province, South Africa

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment protection 2024年第9期12卷 93-112页

作者： Francis Wasswa nsubuga Luyanda Mthethwa Department of Geography Kyambogo University Kyambogo-Kampala Uganda Department of Geography Geoinformatics and Meteorology University of Pretoria Pretoria Gauteng South Africa

This study seeks to understand long-term changes of rainfall for the Great Kei River catchment (GKRc) in South Africa for water resources management and planning. Monthly and annual rainfall time series data from 1950 to 2017 for 11 rainfall gauging stations are analyzed using various statistical methods. Data obtained from South African Weather Services (SAWS) was quality controlled to enable the use of Mann-Kendall (MK), Theil Sen’s method, precipitation Concentration Index (pCI), among others to characterise rainfall. Rainfall in the catchment is seasonal (particularly wet in spring and summer) and highly variable with a pCI of 17.2. Years which received rain above and below the mean inter-annually were 46% and 54%, respectively. Seasonality trends also confirm that the GKRc has been progressively receiving less rainfall since 1950, especially in the autumn. The methods are novel in understanding historical and existing trends, variability and characteristics that control freshwater availability in this catchment.

关键词： Rainfall Concentration Index Drought potential Rainfall Variability Trend Analysis

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From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

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Optimization of adsorbent dose and contact time for the production of jackfruit waste nutrient-enriched biochar

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第1期5卷 63-74页

作者： Denis nsubuga Isa Kabenge Ahamada Zziwa Vianney Andrew Yiga Yusufu Mpendo Mawejje Harbert Ronald Kizza Noble Banadda Kerstin D.Wydra Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda Department of Mechanical Engineering Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda Department of Agricultural production Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda School of Engineering University of British ColumbiaEME242-1137 Alumni AveKelownaBCCanada plant production and Climate Change Erfurt University of Applied SciencesLeipziger Straβe 7799085ErfurtGermany

Raw biochar can be enriched with nutrients from digestates through adsorption producing nutrient-enriched *** nutrient-enriched biochar can be used as a soil amendment to support sustainable *** study assessed the effect of adsorbent dose and contact time on the jackfruit waste biochar adsorption of essential nutrients of nitrogen,phosphors and potassium from the *** surface methodology(RSM)using central composite design(CCD)was utilized to optimize the adsorbent dose and contact time during the adsorption *** adsorbent dose of 20–70 mg/g and contact time range of 48–120 h were used in this *** optimal adsorbent dose and contact time were found to be 20 mg/g and 114.6 h,*** corresponding optimum nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium adsorbed were 17.44,20.94,and 21.36 mg/g,*** for the prediction of these values for nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium had R2 values of 0.9801,0.9804 and 0.9843,respectively,and non-significant lack of fit(ppredicting the adsorption conditions of adsorbent dose and contact time to produce high-quality nutrient-enriched biochar.

关键词： Adsorption Response surface methodology Digestate Nutrient-enriched biochar

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Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald p.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SpAST spastin

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Machine learning applications in healthcare clinical practice and research

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 16-21页

作者： Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis Stavros p papadakos Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11528Greece 2^(nd)Department of Radiology “Attikon”General University HospitalMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensChaidari 12462Greece Department of Gastroenterology Laiko General HospitalNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece

Machine learning(ML)is a type of artificial intelligence that assists computers in the acquisition of knowledge through data analysis,thus creating machines that can complete tasks otherwise requiring human *** its various applications,it has proven groundbreaking in healthcare as well,both in clinical practice and *** this editorial,we succinctly introduce ML applications and present a study,featured in the latest issue of the World Journal of Clinical *** authors of this study conducted an analysis using both multiple linear regression(MLR)and ML methods to investigate the significant factors that may impact the estimated glomerular filtration rate in healthy women with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Their results implicated age as the most important determining factor in both groups,followed by lactic dehydrogenase,uric acid,forced expiratory volume in one second,and *** addition,for the NAFLD-group,the 5th and 6th most important impact factors were thyroid-stimulating hormone and systolic blood pressure,as compared to plasma calcium and body fat for the NAFLD+***,the study's distinctive contribution lies in its adoption of ML methodologies,showcasing their superiority over traditional statistical approaches(herein MLR),thereby highlighting the potential of ML to represent an invaluable advanced adjunct tool in clinical practice and research.

关键词： Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Clinical practice Research Glomerular filtration rate Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Medicine

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Water Resources of Uganda: An Assessment and Review

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Journal of Water Resource and protection 2014年第14期6卷 1297-1315页

作者： Francis N. W. nsubuga Edith N. Namutebi Masoud nsubuga-Ssenfuma Department of Geography Geoinformatics and Meteorology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa National Environmental Consult Ltd. Kampala Uganda Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kampala Uganda

Water resources of a country constitute one of its vital assets that significantly contribute to the socio-economic development and poverty eradication. However, this resource is unevenly distributed in both time and space. The major source of water for these resources is direct rainfall, which is recently experiencing variability that threatens the distribution of resources and water availability in Uganda. The annual rainfall received in Uganda varies from 500 mm to 2800 mm, with an average of 1180 mm received in two main seasons. The spatial distribution of rainfall has resulted into a network of great rivers and lakes that possess big potential for development. These resources are being developed and depleted at a fast rate, a situation that requires assessment to establish present status of water resources in the country. The paper reviews the characteristics, availability, demand and importance of present day water resources in Uganda as well as describing the various issues, challenges and management of water resources of the country.

关键词： Water Resources Management Water Resources Utilisation Climate Change Water Resources Development Uganda

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