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determination of riding comfort on cycleways using a smartphone application

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 747-760页

作者： Anna Niska Leif Sjögren peter Andrén Christian Weber Tineke de jong Aslak Fyhri department of Infrastructure Maintenance Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute(VTI)Linköping SE-58195Sweden department of Safety and Behavior Institute of Transport EconomicsGaustadalleen 210349 OsloNorway

Well maintained cycleways will encourage more people to cycle,as the condition of cycleways is important for the safety,accessibility and riding comfort of *** that,only a few models used to describe the quality of service for cyclists take the surface condition into *** measuring methods are needed to enable reliable and effective assessment of surface conditions,and measurable performance criteria related to the needs of cyclists should be *** purpose of this study has been to test the reliability and validity of using accelerometers in smartphones to assess the riding comfort on cycleways.A smartphone application converting three-dimensional accelerometer measurements into a single indicator for cycleways has been used to assess road surfaces in two field studies,in Sweden and Norway,*** studies assessed test sections of varying *** relate the measurements to subjective riding comfort assessments by cyclists,recruited cyclists collected quantitative data using the app,whilst also rating their perceived riding comfort by completing a *** were also related to standard road surface condition indicators,generated from a road surface tester equipped with 19 laser sensors:international roughness index(IRI),mega-and *** results show that it is possible to describe the unevenness of a cycleway using the technology present in smartphones.A software application can be used to collect and analyse data from the acceleration sensors in the phone,which can then be used to describe the riding comfort of *** is mainly the unevenness in the 50-1000 mm sizerange that create the greatest discomfort for cyclists,and intermittent vibrations are perceived as more uncomfortable than more evenly distributed ***,IRI is not a relevant measurement for describing the riding comfort of cyclists.

关键词： Cyclist Comfort Assessment Road surface measurement Smartphone application

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Microphysiological systems for modeling gut-organ interaction

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BIOCELL 2024年第8期48卷 1145-1153页

作者： jong HWAN SUNG department of Chemical Engineering Hongik UniversitySeoulKorea

The gut is a digestive organ that absorbs nutrients but also p.a.s a vital role in immune response and defense against external *** complex interaction between the gut microbiota and other organs including the immune system of the host has been known in various contexts,yielding the notion of‘axes’between the gut and other *** the presence of various gut-organ axes has been reported,the lack of adequate in vitro model systems for studying this interaction has restricted a deeper insight into these *** developed microphysiological systems(MpS),also known as organ-on-a-chip.a.low researchers to study complex interactions between diverse organs,and here we provide a review of how recently developed gut-on-a-chip systems are used for building models of various diseases that were difficult to study.

关键词： Microfluidics Gut-liver axis Gut-brain axis Microphysiological systems

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Optimizing intrinsic cocatalyst activity and light absorption efficiency for efficient hydrogen evolution of 1D/2D ReS_(2)-CdS photocatalysts via control of ReS_(2)nanosheet layer growth

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 103-113页

作者： Ghufran Aulia Bin Azizar jong Wook Hong department of Chemistry University of UlsanUlsan 44610Korea

The visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution is extremely important,but the poor charge transfer capa-bility,a sluggish evolution rate of hydrogen,and severe photo-corrosion make photocatalytic hydrogen evolution *** this study,we present 1D/2D ReS_(2)-CdS hybrid nanorods for photocatalytic hy-drogen evolution,comprised of a ReS_(2)nanosheet layer grown on CdS *** found that precise control of the contents of the ReS_(2)nanosheet layer allows for manipulating the electronic structure of Re in the ReS_(2)-CdS hybrid *** ReS_(2)-CdS hybrid nanorods with optimal ReS_(2)nanosheet layer content dramatically improve photocatalytic hydrogen evolution ***,photocatalytic hydro-gen evolution activity(64.93 mmol g^(−1)h^(−1))of ReS_(2)-CdS hybrid nanorods with ReS_(2)nanosheet layers(Re/Cd atomic ratio of 0.051)is approximately 136 times higher than that of pure CdS nanorods under visible light ***,intimated coupling of the ReS_(2)nanosheet layer with CdS nanorods reduced the surface trap-site of the CdS nanorods,resulting in enhanced photocatalytic *** de-tailed optical and electrical investigations demonstrate that the optimal ReS_(2)nanosheet layer contents in the ReS_(2)-CdS hybrid nanorods can provide improved charge transfer capability,catalytic activity,and light absorption *** study sheds light on the development of photocatalysts for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

关键词： photocatalyst Hydrogen evolution reaction ReS_(2)-CdS heterostructure Control of ReS_(2)nanosheet layer growth Optimization of cocatalyst activity and light absorption

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Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche C.Calvaruso p.de Donato M.-p.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance UMR 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the coming decades in Western Europe may disturb forest biogeochemical cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the maintenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experiment in a beech forest in Meuse(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynamics,including resorption,chemistry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in mature beech stands from 2012 to 2019 allowed us to compare the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by almost a third of the potassium(K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the coming decades,there will be a risk of potassium deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experiment on the same study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(p)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is more likely to improve tree *** calcium(Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no ap.a.ent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before endoscopic ultrasound guided tissue acquisition to reduce the incidence of post procedural pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 811-816页

作者： Mike de jong Foke van delft Christine Roozen Erwin-Jan van Geenen Tanya Bisseling peter Siersema Marco Bruno department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen 6525 GANetherlands department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)with fine needle aspiration or fine needle biopsy is the gold standard for sampling tissue to diagnose pancreatic cancer and auto-immune pancreatitis or to analyze cyst *** most common reported adverse event of fine needle aspiration and/or fine needle biopsy is acute pancreatitis,which is likely induced by the same pathophysiological mechanisms as after en-doscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCp).According to the current Europ.a. Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are administered prior to ERCp.a. a scientifically proven treatment to reduce post-ERCp pancreatitis incidence rate.A single suppository of diclofenac or indomethacin prior to EUS guided tissue acquisition(TA)is harm-less in healthy *** it is associated with low costs and,most important,may prevent a dreadsome complication,we strongly recommend the adminis-tration of 100 mg diclofenac rectally prior to *** will exp.a.n this recom-mendation in more detail in this review as well as the risk and pathophysiology of post-EUS TA pancreatitis.

关键词： pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound Tissue acquisition Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs pancreatic cancer

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NIR emissive Ru(Ⅱ)metallacycle as a sonosensitizer/sonocatalyst assisting in vivo bacterial diagnosis and eradicating multidrug-resistant biofilms

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 2785-2786页

作者： Chonglu Li Qihang Ding jong Seung Kim School of Medicine Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430065China department of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Microbial biofilm-related infections present a significant global health challenge,posing a major threat to public health systems[1].Biofilms,complex structures formed by the aggregation of microorganisms,are commonly found on medical devices,human tissue surfaces,and in natural environments[2].These biofilms exhibit high levels of antibiotic resistance and survival stability,rendering traditional antibiotic treatments ineffective in eradicating infections[3].

关键词： diagnosis dic rendering

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Hyperreflective photonic crystals created by shearing colloidal dispersions at ultrahigh volume fraction

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 161-173页

作者： Minji Kim jong Bin Kim Shin-Hyun Kim department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Colloidal crystallization serves as one of the most economic and scalable production methods for photonic ***,insufficient optical performance,nonuniformity and low reproducibility remain challenges for advanced high-value *** this study,we optimally formulate a photocurable dispersion of silica particles and apply shear flow to unify the orientation of the colloidal crystals,ensuring high optical performance and *** silica particles experience strong repulsion at ultrahigh volume fractions of 50%but demonstrate low mobility,leading to polycrystalline *** shear flow to the dispersions allows the silica particles to rearrange into larger crystalline domains with a unidirectional orientation along the *** shear-induced structural change produces absolute reflectivity at the stop.a.d as high as 90%and a high transparency of 90%at off-resonant wavelengths with minimal diffusive ***,the strong interparticle repulsion ensures a uniform volume fraction of particles throughout the dispersion,reducing deviations in the optical *** intricately micropattern the photocurable dispersions using ***,the photonic films and patterns can be stacked to form multiple layers,disp.a.ing mixed structural colors and multiple reflectance p.a.s without sacrificing *** superior photonic materials hold promise for various optical applications,including optical components and anticounterfeiting patches.

关键词： properties. dispersion reflectivity

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Upcycling p.a.tic wastes into value-added products via electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 522-541页

作者： Sungsoon Kim Dongjae Kong Xiaolin Zheng jong Hyeok park department of Chemical&Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

p.a.tic,renowned for its versatility,durability,and cost-effectiveness,is indispensable in modern ***,the annual production of nearly 400 million tons of p.a.tic,coupled with a recycling rate of only 9%,has led to a monumental environmental *** recycling has emerged as a vital response to this crisis,offering sustainable solutions to mitigate its environmental *** these recycling efforts,p.a.tic upcycling has garnered attention,which elevates discarded p.a.tics into higher-value ***,electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic treatments stand at the forefront of advanced p.a.tic *** or photoelectrocatalytic treatments involve chemical reactions that facilitate electron transfer through the electrode/electrolyte interface,driven by electrical or solar energy,*** methods enable precise control of chemical reactions,harnessing potential,current density,or light to yield valuable chemical *** review explores recent progress in p.a.tic upcycling through electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic pathways,offering promising solutions to the p.a.tic waste crisis and advancing sustainability in the p.a.tics industry.

关键词： p.a.tic upcycling Electrocatalytic reaction photoelectrocatalytic reaction Value-added product

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progress and challenges for rep.a.ing n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone/polyvinylidene fluoride slurry formulations in lithium-ion battery cathodes

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progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第1期34卷 194-206页

作者： Sung Cik Mun Yeong Hoon Jeon jong Ho Won Battery Materials Research Center LG Chem department of Energy Engineering Dankook University

With electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and portable electronic devices becoming increasingly popular, the demand for lithium-ion batteries has surged considerably. In the lithium-ion battery industry, n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMp) is widely used as the solvent for cathode slurry, and polyvinylidene fluoride(pVDF) is used as the cathode binder. However, because of the harmful effect of NMp on the environment and human health, the use of NMp.a.d pVDF for lithium-ion batteries will be highly regulated in the future. Therefore, developing eco-friendly alternatives is crucial for formulating systems using new solvents and binders. despite numerous efforts, these alternatives have not been widely adopted across the lithium-ion battery industry. It is due to their limited ability to compete on price or performance to rep.a.e the traditional NMp/pVDF slurry formulations. This review investigates developments in the search for new solvents and binders that can be used in cathode slurry compositions. The new systems can potentially decrease energy consumption and manufacturing costs associated with NMp recovery, energy-intensive drying processes, and material expenses. We discuss key factors and technical challenges from earlier studies and compare them with the current, optimized formulations based on NMp.a.d pVDF.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Eco-friendly alternative Slurry formulation Chemical regulation Binder performance

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Cool white light and tunable multicolor emission from Tb^(3+)/Dy^(3+)co-activated glasses under different excitations for WLEDs

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 46-56,I0002页

作者： L.Vijayalakshmi K.Naveen Kumar jong Dae Baek department of Automotive Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk38541Republic of Korea department of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea

A set of co-doped(Tb^(3+)/Dy^(3+))lithium zinc borate(LZB)glasses were developed by melt *** structural evaluation was performed for synthesized glassy *** Dy^(3+)and Tb^(3+)individually doped glasses exhibit intense yellow and green luminescence bands at 575 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2))and543 nm(^(5)D_(4)→^(7)F_(5)),*** sensitization effect of Dy^(3+)on Tb^(3+)was analyzed by increasing the Tb^(3+)content with respect to the optimum Dy^(3+)content(0.5 mol%)in Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+).The spectral overlay of Dy^(3+)luminescence and Tb^(3+)absorption profiles,Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+)pL spectra under different excitations 352,362,376,and 385 nm,shortening decay lifetimes of Dy^(3+)in Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+)co-activated glasses,energy transfer(ET)parameters,chromaticity coordinates and their corresponding correlated temperatures all help to exp.a.n ET from Dy^(3+)to Tb^(3+).At 385 nm of Dy^(3+)excitation,the optimized co-activated(0.5Dy^(3+)+1.0Tb^(3+)):LZB glass disp.a.s cool white light *** non-radiative ET from Dy^(3+)to Tb^(3+)is dominated by electric dipole-dipole interaction and its ET efficiency was calculated to be 63%.At the same time,reverse ET from Tb^(3+)to Dy^(3+)was also *** shift in color coordinates from dominant yellow to greenish-yellow,green and white light emission suggests that Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+)coactivated LZB glasses can be a potential candidate for UV converted multicolor and white light emitting devices.

关键词： Rare earths photoluminescence Energy transfer Spectral overlap decay lifetime Multicolor emitting LEDs

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