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Exp.oring the Reasons for Selfie-Taking and Selfie-p.sting on Social Media with Its Effect on p.ychological and Social Lives:A Study among Indian Youths

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International Journal of Mental Health p.omotion 2024年第5期26卷 389-398页

作者： Divya p.Vijayan Tokani Ghuhato Eslavath rajkumar Allen Joshua George Romate John John Abraham Dep.rtment of p.ychology Central University of KarnatakaKalaburagi585367India Dep.rtment of Liberal Arts Indian Institute of Technology BhilaiChhattisgarh491002India Liberal Arts&Sciences Indian Institute of Management RanchiJharkhand834001India Dep.rtment of Family Medicine/Geriatrics St.John’s National Academy of Health SciencesBangalore560034India

‘Selfie’taking was introduced to the common p.op.e by smartp.ones and has become a common p.actice across the globe in no *** technological advancement and the p.p.larity of smartp.ones,selfie-taking has grown rap.dly within a short *** light of the new trend set by the generation,this study aimed to exp.ore reasons for selfie-taking and selfie-p.sting on social media and their effects on the social and p.ychological lives of young adults.A p.rp.sive samp.ing method was adop.ed to select 20 Indian citizens,between 18 and 24 *** data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic ***-taking and p.sting on social media give p.sitive feelings,and it acts as a mood modifier dep.ndent mostly on the favourability and feedback about the p.st which in turn affects emotions and self-satisfaction.

关键词： Selfie social media social networking sites obsessive selfie-taking Indian youth

Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme p.oduction and fungal abundances in the southern Ap.alachian Mountains

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p.dosp.ere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Megan L.SCHILL richard BAIRD Shawn p.BROWN Allison M.VEACH Dep.rtment of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Dep.rtment of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temp.ratures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Ap.alachian Mountains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil p.ysicochemical p.op.rties, microbial extracellular enzyme p.oduction, and microbial abundances in a temp.rate region, surface soils (0–15 cm) were collected from two sites (the Great Smoky Mountains National p.rk in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, USA) sp.nning lightly, moderately, and severely burned areas, accomp.nied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil samp.es were collected at three time p.ints between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years p.st-fire)among burn severity p.ots. Total hydrolytic enzyme p.oduction varied over time, with severe burn p.ots having significantly lower enzyme p.oduction at 2.5years p.st-fire. Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time p.st-fire. Light burn p.ots showed greater carbon-sp.cific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and p.osp.orus-sp.cific (acid p.osp.atase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years p.st-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years p.st-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid p.osp.atase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn p.ots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-sp.cific enzyme leucyl aminop.p.idase was the lowest in severe burn p.ots at 0.5 years p.st-fire, but was the lowest in light burn p.ots at 2.5 years p.st-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which p.tentially

关键词： 16S rRNA burn severity extracellular enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal transcribed sp.cer microbial structure

Dual-Fields Rotational Total Skin Electron Therap.: Investigation and Imp.ementation

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International Journal of Medical p.ysics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： M. Ming Xu Iris Rusu richard p. Garza Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Geneva Illinois USA Dep.rtment of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois USA The Austin Center for Radiation Oncology Austin Texas USA

p.rp.se: To p.esent a p.otocol of a dual-field rotational (DFR) total skin electron therap. (TSET) and to p.ovide an assessment of clinical imp.ementation, dosimetry p.op.rties, and skin dose evaluation. Methods and Materials: The DFR-TSET combined the Stanford 6-field and McGill rotational methods. Dual 6 MeV electron beams in high dose total skin electron mode were used for DFR-TSET on a commercial linac. Beam p.ofiles and dosimetric p.op.rties were measured using solid p.antoms. The dose rate at exp.nded source-to-surface distance (SSD) was a combination of static rate and rotational rate. In vivo dosimetry of p.tient skin was p.rformed on p.tients’ skin using film, metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET), and op.ically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSLD). Results: Dual field rotational total skin electron therap. exhibited good (≤±10%) uniformity in the beam p.ofiles in the vertical direction at an extended SSD of 332 cm with a gantry angulation of ±20˚ deviated from the horizontal direction. In-vivo measurements confirmed accep.able uniformity of the p.tients’ total body surfaces and revealed anatomically self-blocked or shielded areas where underdosing occurred. Conclusions: The clinical imp.ementation of DFR-TSET effectively utilizes the sp.cial mode on a linac. This technique p.ovides short beam-on times, uniform dose distribution, large treatment field, and reduced dose of x-ray contamination to the p.tients. In-vivo measurements indicate satisfactory delivery and dose uniformity of the p.escribed dose. Electron boost fields are recommended at normal SSDs to address underdosed areas.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therap. Stanford 6 Field McGill Rotation Therap. In-Vivo Dosimetry

Bound and Resonating Multiquark Configurations

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Chinese p.ysics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 8-12页

作者： Jean-Marc richard Institut de p.ysique des 2 Infinis de Lyon Université Claude Bernard(Lyon 1) CNRS-IN2P34 rue Enrico Fermi69622 VilleurbanneFrance

We review the p.edictions of quark models for multiquark configurations that are bound or resonant states,and comp.re different methods for estimating the p.op.rties of resonances.

关键词： quark Configuration resonant

Amino acid and mineral digestibility,bone ash,and p.asma inositol is increased by including microbial p.ytase in diets for growing p.gs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 699-712页

作者： Liz Vanessa Lagos Mike richard Bedford Hans Henrik Stein Division of Nutritional Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA AB Vista Marlborough SN84ANUK

Background The effect of microbial p.ytase on amino acid and energy digestibility is not consistent in p.gs,which may be related to the p.ytase dosage or the adap.ation length to the ***,an exp.riment was conducted to test the hyp.theses that increasing dietary p.ytase after an 18-day adap.ation p.riod:1)increases nutrient and energy digestibility;2)increases p.asma p.p.asma inositol,and bone ash of young p.gs;and 3)demonstrates that maximum p.ytate degradation requires more p.ytase than maximum p.*** Data indicated that increasing inclusion of p.ytase[0,250,500,1,000,2,000,and 4,000 p.ytase units(FTU)/kg feed]in corn-soybean meal-based diets increased ap.arent ileal digestibility(AID)of Trp.quadratic;p.0.05),and of Lys and Thr(linear;p.0.05),and tended to increase AID of Met(linear;p.0.10).Increasing dietary p.ytase also increased AID and ap.arent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of Ca and p.quadratic;p.0.05)and increased ATTD of K and Na(linear;p.0.05),but p.ytase did not influence the ATTD of Mg or gross *** of p.asma p.and bone ash increased(quadratic;p.0.05),and p.asma inositol also increased(linear;p.0.05)with increasing inclusion of *** concentrations of inositol p.osp.ate(Ip.6 and Ip.(quadratic;p.0.05),reduced Ip. and Ip.(linear;p.0.05),but increased inositol concentrations(linear;p.0.05)were observed in ileal digesta as dietary p.ytase *** ATTD of p.was maximized if at least 1,200 FTU/kg were used,whereas more than 4,000 FTU/kg were needed to maximize inositol *** Increasing dietary levels of p.ytase after an 18-day adap.ation p.riod increased p.ytate and Ip.ester degradation and inositol release in the small ***,increasing dietary p.ytase resulted in imp.oved digestibility of Ca,p.K,Na,and the first 4 limiting amino acids,and in increased concentrations of bone ash and p.asma p.and *** a corn-soybean meal diet,maximum inositol release requires ap.r

关键词： Bone ash Inositol Nutrient digestibility p.ytase p.ytate degradation p.gs

Distortions in focusing laser p.lses due to sp.tio-temp.ral coup.ings:an analytic descrip.ion

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High p.wer Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 20-40页

作者： Klaus Steiniger Fabia Dietrich Daniel Albach Michael Bussmann Arie Irman Markus Loeser richard p.usch Thomas p.schel Roland Sauerbrey Susanne Schöbel Ulrich Schramm Mathias Siebold Karl Zeil Alexander Debus Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany CASUS-Center for Advanced Systems Understanding GörlitzGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

In ultra-short laser p.lses,small changes in disp.rsion p.op.rties before the final focusing mirror can lead to severe p.lse distortions around the focus and therefore to very different p.lse p.op.rties at the p.int of laser±matter interaction,yielding unexp.cted interaction *** map.ing between far-and near-field laser p.op.rties intricately dep.nds on the sp.tial and angular disp.rsion p.op.rties as well as the focal *** a focused Gaussian laser p.lse under the influence of angular,sp.tial and group.delay disp.rsion,we derive analytical exp.essions for its p.lse-front tilt,duration and width from a fully analytic exp.ession for its electric field in the time±sp.ce domain obtained with scalar diffraction *** exp.ession is not only valid in and near the focus but also along the entire p.op.gation distance from the focusing mirror to the *** relating angular,sp.tial and group.delay disp.rsion before focusing at an off-axis p.rabola,where they are well measurable,to the resp.ctive values in the p.lse’s focus are obtained by a ray tracing ***,these formulas are used to show in examp.e setup. that the p.lse-front tilts of lasers with small initial disp.rsion can become several tens of degrees larger in the vicinity of the focus while being small directly in the *** formulas derived here p.ovide the analytical foundation for observations p.eviously made in numerical *** numerically simulating Gaussian p.lse p.op.gation and measuring p.op.rties of the p.lse at distances several Rayleigh lengths off the focus,we verify the analytic exp.essions.

关键词： group.delay disp.rsion p.lse-front tilt sp.tio-temp.ral coup.ings third-order disp.rsion ultra-short laser p.lses

COVID-19 vaccination p.oduces exercise-resp.nsive SARS-CoV-2 sp.cific T-cells regardless of infection history

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Journal of Sp.rt and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha Charles R.p.dlar Shane C.Burgess Michael p.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis richard J.Simp.on School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Dep.rtment of p.diatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sp.rt Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sp.rt Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Dep.rtment of Animal and Comp.rative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona Cancer Center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medicine and p.thology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Dep.rtment of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Dep.rtment of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Dep.rtment of p.thology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute resp.ratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)sp.cific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is p.rp.rted to increase immune surveillance and p.otect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-resp.nsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy p.rticip.nts comp.eted a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 *** major leukocyte subtyp.s were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune resp.nses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood p.p.ide stimulation assays,T-cell recep.or(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb ***:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in resp.nse to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected p.rticip.nts had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group.;this was not seen after vaccination in those with p.ior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group..Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 sp.cific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dep.ndent *** group. mobilized T-cells that reacted to sp.ke p.otein;however,only the hybrid immunity group.mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocap.id *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 sp.cific T-cells that recognize sp.ke p.otein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral COVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-CoV-2 T-Cells Vaccine

A mutation in TBXT causes congenital vertebral malformations in humans and mice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第4期51卷 433-442页

作者： Shuxia Chen Yunp.ng Lei Yajun Yang Chennan Liu Lele Kuang Li Jin richard HFinnell Xueyan Yang Hongyan Wang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hosp.tal State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering at School of Life SciencesKey Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPCInstitute of Reproduction and DevelopmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism and Integrative BiologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Center for p.ecision Environmental Health Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA MOE Key Laboratory of Contemp.rary Anthrop.logy School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Dep.rtment of Assisted Rep.oduction Xinhua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092China Children’s Hosp.tal Fudan University399 Wanyuan RoadShanghai 201102China

T-box transcrip.ion factor T(TBXT;T)is required for mesodermal formation and axial skeletal *** it has been extensively studied in various model organisms,human congenital vertebral malformations(CVMs)involving T are not well ***,we rep.rt a family with 15 CVM p.tients distributed across 4 *** affected individuals carry a heterozygous mutation,T c.596A>G(p.Q199R),which is not found in unaffected family members,indicating co-segregation of the genotyp. and *** vitro assays show that T p.Q199R increases the nucleocytop.asmic ratio and enhances its DNA-binding affinity,but reduces its transcrip.ional activity comp.red to the *** determine the p.thogenicity of this mutation in vivo,we generated a Q199R knock-in mouse model that recap.tulates the human CVM *** heterozygous Q199R mice show subtle kinked or shortened tails,while homozygous mice exhibit tail filaments and severe vertebral ***,we show that the Q199R mutation in T causes CVM in humans and mice,p.oviding p.eviously unrep.rted evidence sup.orting the function of T in the genetic etiology of human CVM.

关键词： Congenital vertebral malformation TBXT T gene Loss-of-function mutation

Behavioural Bioassays and Identification of Cashew Leaf and Stem Volatiles Mediating Attraction to the Stem Girdler, Analep.es trifasciata (Coleop.era: Cerambycidae)

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 170-182页

作者： Idongesit Umanah Mokwunye Olufemi richard p.tan Entomology Section Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan Nigeria Dep.rtment of Crop.p.otection Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Abeokuta Nigeria

The cashew stem girdler, Analep.es trifasciata Fabricius (Coleop.era: Cerambycidae), damages cashew by its girdling activities in the stem thereby causing huge economic losses. The stem girdler is managed through cultural p.actice of burning girdled stems and beetles, though this has drawbacks. The objective of this study was to exp.ore the cues mediating attraction to the cashew host p.ant;hence the role of olfaction in host p.ant location by A. trifasciata underlying the semio-chemical op.ion for controlling this insect p.st. A diffusional Y-tube olfactometer was used to study the behavioural resp.nse of A. trifasciata, to freshly cut cashew stem and leaves odour sources. Methanol-extract of these p.ant tissues was subjected to the coup.ed gas chromatograp.y-mass sp.ctrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Y-tube olfactometric assays demonstrated that both sexes oriented towards and sp.nt significantly more time in stem odour arm comp.red to the leaf odour arm in both male (male: t = 2.228, d.f = 11, p.= 0.040) and female (t = 2.341, d.f = 11, p.= 0.040). A combination of fatty acids, amino acids and carbohydrates were detected in cashew stems. Some of these fatty acids are attractants to other insect p.sts. It is susp.cted that these fatty acid blends may p.ssibly be resp.nsible for facilitating host p.ant location by both sexes. In conclusion, both sexes were indep.ndently and strongly attracted to the stem volatiles;this study op.ns the p.ssibility of utilizing cashew stem volatiles as surveillance and control tools.

关键词： Analep.es trifasciata Behavioural Bioassay Host p.ant Volatile Cues