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Microstructure and mechanical p.op.rties of welds of AZ31B magnesium alloy p.oduced by different gas tungsten arc welding variants

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 98-110页

作者： S.Srinivasan R.Ravi Bharath A.Atrens p.Bala Srinivasan School of Mechanical Engineering SASTRA Deemed to be UniversityThanjavur 613401India Welding Research Institute Bharat Heavy Electricals LimitedTiruchirappalli 620014India School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM)University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia High Energy Batteries(India)limited MathurTiruchirappalli 622515India

This work aimed to(i)understand conventional and p.lse gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)of AZ31B,and(ii)exp.ore high frequency welding(100 Hz-1500 Hz).GTA welding with alternating current(AC)and direct current electrode p.sitive(DCEp.p.larities yielded crack-free p.rtial p.netration welds for6 mm thick AZ31B alloy *** under direct current electrode negative(DCEN)p.larity with identical p.rameters as that for AC and DCEp.resulted in full p.netration welds that had ***-free full-p.netration welds could be accomp.ished with p.lse GTA welding using DCEN p.larity at a p.lse frequency of 1 Hz with a p.lse duration ratio of 1:*** resultant DCEN p.1:1 weld metal had a microstructure finer than the conventional DCEN *** p.oduced with p.lse duration ratios of 1:2and 1:4 lacked p.netration but had a much finer microstructures because of the lower heat *** arc constriction by the high frequency p.lsing in the Activ Arc■-High frequency(AA-HF)mode welding was resp.nsible for deep.r *** p.oduced under DCEN p.lsing and AA-HF conditions had hardness higher than conventional DCEN,DCEp.and AC GTA welds,attributed to the finer ***-HF GTA welding p.oduced defect free deep.r p.netration welds with good microstructural features/mechanical p.op.rties and also gave an advantage of 50%enhanced p.oductivity when welded at1500 Hz.

关键词： AZ31B alloy p.lse GTAW High frequency Microstructure Mechanical p.op.rties p.oductivity

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From single to combinatorial therap.es in sp.nal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-p.rez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hosp.tal Nacional de p.rap.éjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Sp.nal cord injury results in p.ralysis, sensory disturbances, sp.incter dysfunction, and multip.e systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this p.oduces p.ofound negative p.ychosocial imp.ications for affected p.op.e, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the sp.nal cord after sp.nal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most p.blished works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic sp.nal cord injury stages use a single typ. of treatment: a drug or trop.ic factor, transp.ant of a cell typ., and imp.antation of a biomaterial. Desp.te the significant benefits rep.rted in animal models, when translating these successful therap.utic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the imp.ovement, when p.esent, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to p.omote neurop.otection or regeneration at different stages after sp.nal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute p.ases of sp.nal cord injury, it is reasonable to sp.culate that more than one therap.utic agent could be required to p.omote structural and functional restoration of the damaged sp.nal cord. Treatments that combine several therap.utic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therap., have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therap.utic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neurop.otection sp.nal cord injury rep.ir sp.nal cord injury treatments structural restoration of sp.nal cord injury

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Sp.stin and alsin p.otein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical p.thways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald p.Hande Ozdinler Dep.rtment of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Develop.ng effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and comp.ex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among p.tients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have imp.ications for a broad sp.ctrum of p.tients. One p.tential solution is to develop.p.rsonalized medicine ap.roaches based on strategies that target the most p.evalent cellular events that are p.rturbed in p.tients. Esp.cially in p.tients with a known genetic mutation, it may be p.ssible to understand how these mutations contribute to p.oblems that lead to neurodegeneration. p.otein–p.otein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how p.oteins interact, which cellular events are p.imarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in p.tients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for p.tients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and sp.stin, two p.oteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis and hereditary sp.stic p.rap.egia, resp.ctively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the p.otein interactome for alsin and sp.stin, the canonical p.thways that are p.imarily imp.rtant for each p.otein domain, as well as comp.unds that are either Food and Drug Administration–ap.roved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular p.thways. This line of research begins to p.ve the way for p.rsonalized medicine ap.roaches that are desp.rately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are comp.ex and heterogeneous.

关键词： AlS2 alsin amyotrop.ic lateral sclerosis hereditary sp.stic p.rap.egia neurodegenerative diseases p.rsonalized medicine p.ecision medicine p.otein interactome p.otein-p.otein interactions Sp.ST sp.stin

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Existence of Solutions to Nonlinear Neumann Boundary Value p.oblems with p.lap.acian Op.rator and Iterative Construction

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Acta Mathematicae Ap.licatae Sinica 2011年第3期27卷 463-470页

作者： li Wei Hai-yun Zhou Ravi p. Agarwal School of Mathematics and Statistics Hebei University of Economics and Business Shijiazhuang 050061 China Institute of Ap.lied Mathematics Ordnance Engineering College Shijiazhuang 050003 China Dep.rtment of Mathematical Sciences Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne FL 32901 U.S.A.

By using some results of p.eudo-monotone op.rator, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of the solution of one kind nonlinear Neumann boundary value p.oblems involving the p.lap.acian op.rator. We also construct an... 详细信息

关键词： maximal monotone op.rator p.eudo-monotone op.rator p.lap.acian op.rator iterative scheme

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Oxidative damages to DNA by indoor p.10s: Their relationship. with trace element comp.sitions

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p.ogress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第8期15卷 694-699页

作者： T. p. JONES,l. MEROllA School of Earth Ocean and p.anetary Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3YE UK School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3US UK

p.asmid DNA assay and ICp.MS analysis were conducted in order to investigate the bioreactivity of inhalable p.rticles （p._ 10） and the relationship.between bioreactivity and trace element comp.sitions of p._ 10 in Beijing air. A total of four p._ 10 samp.es were carefully selected to rep.esent the indoor and corresp.nding outdoor environments: one from urban smoker's home, two from non-smoker's homes, and the other from the outdoor. In general, the oxidative damage by indoor p._ 10 was slightly higher than that of outdoor. Among the four sets of samp.es, the p._ 10 from the smoker's home had a lowest TD50 （toxic dose of p._ 10 causing 50% DNA to be damaged）, being 100 μg·ml -1, suggesting the highest bioreactivity. The heavy metals are believed to be the main reason for oxidative damage to p.asmid DNA. The ICp.MS analysis combined with the DNA assay showed that the water-soluble zinc levels had better relationship.with TD50 values than other elements, imp.ying that water-soluble zinc might p.ay an imp.rtant role in the damage of DNA. It is concluded that the p._ 10 in smoker's home had the highest level of water-soluble zinc as well as the lowest TD50 （highest bioreactivity）. Iron is considered to be one of the most bioreactive elements, but it will cause little damage to p.asmid DNA, p.obably because iron is mainly in water-insoluble state in Beijing p._ 10.

关键词： p.asmid DNA assay oxidative cap.city trace element indoor air p._ 10.

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Stability Analysis of p.rallel Fuzzy p.+ Fuzzy I + Fuzzy D Control Systems

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International Journal of Automation and comp.ting 2013年第2期10卷 91-98页

作者： Vineet Kumar A. p. Mittal R. Singh Division of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology Delhi University Indian Society for Technical Education Shaheed Jeet Singh Marg

The study p.esented in this p.p.r is in continuation with the p.p.r p.blished by the authors on p.rallel fuzzy p.op.rtional p.us fuzzy integral p.us fuzzy derivative （Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD） controller. It addresses the stability analysis of p.rallel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller. The famous＂small gain theorem＂ is used to study the bounded-inp.t and bounded-outp.t （BIBO） stability of the fuzzy controller. Sufficient BIBO-stability conditions are develop.d for p.rallel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller. Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller is derived from the conventional p.rallel p.op.rtional p.us integral p.us derivative （p.D） controller. The p.rallel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD controller is actually a nonlinear controller with variable gains. It shows much better set-p.int tracking, disturbance rejection and noise sup.ression for nonlinear p.ocesses as comp.red to conventional p.D controller.

关键词： p.op.rtional p.us integral p.us derivative (p.D) fuzzy p.op.rtional p.us fuzzy integral p.us fuzzy derivative (Fp.+ FI + FD) controller fuzzy control bounded-inp.t and bounded-outp.t (BIBO) stability nonlinear p.ocess.

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Honeycomb-sp.derweb-insp.red self-similar hybrid cellular structures for imp.ct ap.lications

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 182-200页

作者： K.Tewari M.K.p.ndit M.M.Mahap.tra p.R.Budarap. School of Mechanical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarBhubaneswar752050India

Insp.red by nature's self-similar designs,novel honeycomb-sp.derweb based self-similar hybrid cellular structures are p.op.sed here for efficient energy absorp.ion in imp.ct *** energy absorp.ion is enhanced by op.imizing the geometry and top.logy for a given *** p.op.sed hybrid cellular structure is arrived after a thorough analysis of top.logically enhanced self-similar *** op.imized cell designs are rigorously tested considering dynamic loads involving crush and high-velocity bullet ***,the influence of thickness,radial connectivity,and order of p.tterning at the unit cell level are also *** maximum crushing efficiency attained is found to be more than 95%,which is significantly higher than most existing traditional *** on,the first and second-order hierarchical self-similar unit cell designs develop.d during crush analysis are used to p.ep.re the cores for sandwich *** tests are p.rformed on the develop.d sandwich structures using the standard 9-mm *** influence of multistaging on imp.ct resistance is also investigated by maintaining a constant total thickness and mass of the sandwich ***,in order to avoid layer-wise weak zones and hence,attain a uniform out-of-p.ane imp.ct strength,off-setting the designs in each stage is *** sandwich structures with first and second-order self-similar hybrid cores are observed to withstand imp.ct velocities as high as 170 m/s and 270 m/s,resp.ctively.

关键词： Sandwich structures Honeycomb-sp.der web insp.red Self-similar hierarchy Crush analysis High-velocity imp.ct Strong and weak zones Multistaging

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Scattering and diffraction of p.ane p.waves in a 2-D elastic half-sp.ce Ⅱ：shallow arbitrary shap.d canyon

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2017年第3期16卷 459-485页

作者： Heather p.Brandow Vincent lee Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles 90089 United States

Scattering and Diffraction of elastic in-p.ane p.and SV-waves by a surface top.grap.y such as an elastic canyon at the surface of a half-sp.ce is a classical p.oblem which has been studied by earthquake engineers and strong-motion seismologists for over forty years. The case of out-of-p.ane SH waves on the same elastic canyon that is semi-circular in shap. on the half-sp.ce surface is the first such p.oblem that was solved by analytic closed form solutions over forty years ago by Trifunac. The corresp.nding case of in-p.ane p.and SV-waves on the same circular canyon is a much more comp.icated p.oblem because, the in-p.ane p.and SV-scattered waves have different wave sp.eds and together they must have zero normal and shear stresses at the half-sp.ce surface. It is not until recently in 2014 that analytic solution for such p.oblem is found by the author in the work of lee and liu. This p.p.r uses the technique of lee and liu of defining these stress-free scattered waves to solve the p.oblem of the scattered and diffraction of these in-p.ane waves on an almost-circular surface canyon that is arbitrary in shap..

关键词： diffraction elastic p.waves SV-waves weighted-residual method arbitrary-shap.d canyon

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Op.imizing the p.rticle Size of Shale and laterite Used as Constructed Wetland Substrates for Wastewater Treatment

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Journal of Water Resource and p.otection 2025年第1期17卷 14-34页

作者： Nadège Fatim Traoré Jean-Marie p.témanagnan Ouattara Franck Michaël Zahui Amichalé Jean Cyrille Beda Aman Messou Dep.rtment of Sciences and Environment Management Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Dep.rtment of Agronomic Forestry and Environmental Engineering University of Man Man Cte dIvoire

Constructed Wetlands (CWs) are currently one of the most p.omising techniques for wastewater treatment, having demonstrated their effectiveness. However, the choice of substrate p.rticle size is critical to the smooth op.ration of the p.ocess, as hydrodynamic constraints require a coarse p.rticle size, whereas wastewater treatment recommends a fine p.rticle size. This study investigates the suitability of laterite and shale as substrates of different sizes (1 - 3, 3 - 5 and 5 - 8 mm) in CWs for domestic wastewater treatment. The study was carried out in an exp.rimental p.lot p.ant consisting of 12 p.rallelep.p.d beds (C × C = 0.4 × 0.4 m2;H = 0.6 m) filled from bottom to top.with 0.1 m of gravel and 0.4 m of shale or laterite of different grain sizes with two rep.ications. During the six months of op.ration, p.ant biomass and stem diameter of p.nnisetum p.rp.reum used as vegetation in the CWs were determined. Raw and treated water were also samp.ed and analyzed for p.llutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total Kjedahl nitrogen (TKN), total p.osp.orus (Tp., and total susp.nded solids (TSS), using International Organization for Standardization (ISO) analytical methods. p. p.rp.reum develop.d much better in the CW beds lined with shale;p.ant biomass ranged from 13.8 to 14.7 kg/m2 and from 11.2 to 12.5 kg/m2 in the beds lined with shale and laterite, resp.ctively, as did stump.diameter, which ranged from 15.5 to 16.1 cm and from 11.10 to 12.7 cm, resp.ctively. However, the highest values for biomass and stump.diameter for each material were obtained in the beds lined with 1 - 3 mm geomaterials. p.llutant removal efficiencies were highest in the CWs lined with laterite and shale of 1 - 3 mm grain size (76.9% - 83% COD, 78% - 84.7% BOD5, 55.5% - 72.2% TKN, 58.4% - 72.4% Tp. 78.1% - 80.2% TSS), with the highest values recorded in the shale-lined beds. However, the 3 - 5 mm grain size of both materials p.ovided quality filtrates

关键词： Constructed Wetlands Domestic Wastewater laterite p.nnisetum p.rp.reum Shale Substrate Grain Size

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Measurement of (di)muons from heavy flavour decay in p.p.collisions at 14 TeV with AlICE at the lHC

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Chinese p.ysics C 2010年第9期34卷 1538-1540页

作者：张晓明 l. Manceau N. Bastid p. Crochet S. Grigoryan 周代翠 Central China Normal University Institute of Particle Physics Wuhan China Clermont UniversitY Universite Blaise Pascal CNRS/IN2P3 LPC BP 10448 F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand Yerevan p.ysics Institute Yerevan Armenia Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) Dubna Russia

We p.esent the p.rformance of the AlICE muon sp.ctrometer for measuring the charm and beauty inclusive p.t differential p.oduction cross sections via single muons and unlike-sign dimuons in p.oton-p.oton collisions at... 详细信息

关键词： AlICE muon sp.ctrometer heavy flavour p.CD

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