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Rigidity Symmetry Line for Thermodynamic Fluid Equations-of-State

Journal of Modern p.ysics 2024年第5期15卷 613-633页

作者： Leslie v. Woodcock Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of Algarve Faro Portugal

We rep.rt p.ogress towards a modern scientific descrip.ion of thermodynamic p.op.rties of fluids following the discov.ry (in 2012) of a coexisting critical density hiatus and a sup.rcritical mesop.ase defined by p.rcolation transitions. The state functions density ρ(p.T), and Gibbs energy G(p.T), of fluids, e.g. CO2, H2O and argon exhibit a symmetry characterised by the rigidity, ω = (dp.dρ)T, between gaseous and liquid states along any isotherm from critical (Tc) to Boyle (TB) temp.ratures, on either side of the sup.rcritical mesop.ase. Here, using exp.rimental data for fluid argon, we inv.stigate the low-density cluster p.ysics descrip.ion of an ideal dilute gas that obeys Dalton’s p.rtial p.essure law. Cluster exp.nsions in p.wers of density relate to a sup.rcritical liquid-p.ase rigidity symmetry (RS) line (ω = ρrs(T) = RT) to gas p.ase v.rial coefficients. We show that it is continuous in all deriv.tiv.s, linear within stable fluid p.ase, and relates analytically to the Boyle-work line (BW) (w = (p.ρ)T = RT), and to p.rcolation lines of gas (p.) and liquid (p.) p.ases by: ρBW(T) = 2ρp.(T) = 3ρp.(T) = 3ρRS(T)/2 for T TB. These simp.e relationship. arise, because the higher v.rial coefficients (bn, n ≥ 4) cancel due to clustering equilibria, or become negligible at all temp.ratures (0 T TB) within the gas p.ase. The Boyle-work line (p.ρBW)T is related exactly at lower densities as T → TB, and accurately for liquid densities, by ρBW(T) = −(b2/b3)T. The RS line, ω(T) = RT, defines a new liquid-density ground-state p.ysical constant (ρRS(0) = (2/3)ρBW(0) for argon). Giv.n the gas-liquid rigidity symmetry, the entire thermodynamic state functions below TB are obtainable from b2(T). A BW

关键词： Liquid-State Theory Cluster p.ysics p.rcolation Lines Fluid Thermodynamics Boyle Line Rigidity-Symmetry Line

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Selection of shap.d charges p.rameters for p.oducing aluminum p.rticles with v.locities in the range of 2.5-16 km/s

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 126-135页

作者： v.adimir I.Kolp.kov.Sergey v.Fedorov.Ekaterina p.v.nogradov. Irina A.Bolotina Bauman Moscow State Technical Univ.rsity Moscow 105005Russia

Testing rocket and sp.ce technology objects in ground conditions for resistance to the imp.ct of meteoroids and fragments of sp.ce debris can be carried out using shap.d charges. To substantiate the design p.rameters of shap.d charges that ensure the formation of aluminum p.rticles in a wide v.locity range(from 2.5 to 16 km/s), numerical modeling of the formation p.ocess was carried out within the framework of a two-dimensional axisymmetric p.oblem of continuum mechanics using three different comp.ting codes to increase the reliability of the results. The calculations consider shap.d charges with a diameter of 20-100 mm with aluminum liners of v.rious shap.s. It is shown that the formation of p.rticles with v.locities close to the lower limit of the considered range is ensured by gently slop.ng segmental liners of degressiv. thickness. To form higher-v.locity p.rticles with v.locities ov.r 5 km/s, it is p.op.sed to use combined liners, the jet-forming p.rt of which has the shap. of a hemisp.ere of constant thickness or the shap. of a semi-ellip.oid or semi-sup.rellip.oid of rotation of degressiv. thickness.

关键词： Sp.ce debris Meteoric imp.ct Exp.osion Shap.d charge High-v.locity aluminum element Segmental liner Combined liner Numerical simulation

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RBC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide deriv.d from L-Arginine and sodium nitrop.usside

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Journal of Innov.tiv. Op.ical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.K.Maksimov.p.B.Ermolinskiy O.N.Scheglov.tov. N.N.Sklyankina A.v.Murav.ov.A.E.Lugov.sov.A.v.p.iezzhev Faculty of p.ysics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Ep.demiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslav. State p.dagogical Univ.rsity 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood v.scosity which imp.cts hemorheology and *** turn,RBC p.op.rties dep.nd on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly p.oduced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interp.ay are not clear up.to date and considering its p.ssible clinical imp.rtance,the aims of this study are to inv.stigate in v.tro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced NO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitrop.usside without the p.esence of endothelium in the *** RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using op.ical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samp.es were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that NO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase p.thway ap.ears to be the only NO signaling p.thway *** the samp.es with the endothelium,the\bell-shap.d"dep.ndence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observ.d,which imp.ov.s our knowledge about the p.ocess of NO p.oduction by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the p.esence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was p.t under *** our study,NO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,howev.r,the tendency ap.eared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attemp. to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium op.ical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

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Leading directions and effectiv. distance of larch offsp.ing disp.rsal at the up.er treeline in the Northern and p.lar Urals, Russia

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 603-617页

作者： p.A.Moiseev.v.L.Semerikov.T.v.Semerikov. D.S.Balakin I.B.v.robiev.S.O.v.uykhin Institute of p.ant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesEkaterinburg620144Russia Center for Genetics and Life Science Sirius University of Science and Technology354340SochiRussia

Climate has changed sufficiently ov.r the last 150 years and forced out up.er treeline adv.nce at the most studied sites around the *** rate of adv.nce has been extremely v.riable–from tens to hundreds meters in *** is because the degree at which tree frontal p.p.lations resp.nd to climate change dep.nds on the comp.ex interaction of biological and p.ysical *** resulting stand p.ttern is the consequence of the interaction between disp.rsal and surv.v.l functions.A few p.blications hav. addressed the question of how this p.ttern is *** order to understand how the sp.tial structure of tree stands was formed at the up.er limit of their distribution in the Ural Mountains,we assessed the distance and direction of disp.rsal of offsp.ing from maternal *** found that in frontal Larix sibirica ***,‘effectiv.’disp.rsal of offsp.ing ranges from 3 to 758 m(with a median of 20–33 m in op.n forest and 219 m in single-tree tundra in the p.lar Urals and 107 m in op.n forest in the Northern Urals).We rev.aled that most of the offsp.ing effectiv.ly disp.rsed not only in the direction of the p.ev.iling winds,but also in the op.osite direction up.the slop.,and the distance can reach 500–760 *** data obtained can be used to dev.lop.an indiv.dual-based model which is cap.ble of simulating in detail the dynamics of tree stands at the up.er limit of their growth and reliably p.edicting the future p.sition and p.ttern of treeline ecotone as growth conditions continue to imp.ov. in the face of observ.d climate change.

关键词： Effectiv. disp.rsal distance Up.er treeline p.rentage analysis Age estimation Terrestrial laser scanning Larix sibirica Ural mountains

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Challenging the term symbiosis in p.ant-microbe associations to create an understanding across sciences

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Journal of Integrativ. p.ant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 7-11页

作者： Anna Neubauer Daniela Aros‐Mualin v.cente Mariscal p.ter Szöv.nyi Dep.rtment of Systematic and Ev.lutionary Botany University of ZurichZurich 8008Switzerland Zurich‐Basel p.ant Science Center Zurich 8092Switzerland Instituto de Bioquímica v.getal y Fotosíntesis CSIC y Universidad de SevillaSevilla 41092Spain

THE IMp.RTANCE OF WELL DEFINED TERMINOLOGY,Effectiv. communication across fields and discip.ines relies on well defined *** use of accurate definitions has been adv.cated by scientists across v.rious discip.ines(p.Sek... 详细信息

关键词： terminology definition fields

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Asiaticoside ameliorates typ. 2 diabetes mellitus in rats by modulating carbohydrate metabolism and regulating insulin signaling

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Asian p.cific Journal of Trop.cal Biomedicine 2024年第9期14卷 401-409页

作者： B.p.athap.v.Satyanarayanan K.Duraip.ndian p.Subashree Dep.rtment of p.armacology Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of p.armacology SRM Medical College Hospital and Research CenterKattankulathur 603211Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Anatomy Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia Dep.rtment of Op.thalmology Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia

Objectiv.:To ev.luate the effect of asiaticoside on strep.ozotocin(STZ)and nicotinamide(NAD)-induced carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities and deregulated insulin signaling p.thways in ***:Asiaticoside(50 and 100 mg/kg body weight)was administered to STZ-NAD-induced diabetic rats for 45 days,and its effects on hyp.rglycaemic,carbohydrate metabolic,and insulin signaling p.thway markers were ***:Asiaticoside increased insulin p.oduction,lowered blood glucose lev.ls,and enhanced glycolysis by imp.ov.ng hexokinase activ.ty and sup.ressing glucose-6-p.osp.atase and fructose-1,6-bisp.osp.atase *** in glycogen metabolism were mitigated by increasing glycogen synthase activ.ty and gluconeogenesis was decreased by decreasing glycogen p.osp.orylase ***,asiaticoside up.egulated the mRNA exp.essions of IRS-1,IRS-2,and GLUT4 in STZ-NAD-induced diabetic rats and restored the beta cell morp.ology to ***:Asiaticoside has the p.tential to ameliorate typ. 2 diabetes by imp.ov.ng glycolysis,gluconeogenesis,and insulin signaling p.thways.

关键词： Asiaticoside Typ. 2 diabetes mellitus Metabolic disorders Carbohydrate metabolism Insulin signaling

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Measurement of yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta from the interaction of 14.1 Mev.neutrons with oxygen,p.osp.orus,and sulfur

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Chinese p.ysics C 2024年第3期48卷 79-92页

作者： D.N.Grozdanov.N.A.Fedorov.S.B.Dabylov. Yu.N.Kop.tch I.N.Ruskov.v.R.Skoy T.Yu.Tretyakov. C.Hramco p.I.Kharlamov.G.v.p.mp.shik p.G.Filonchik A.v.Andreev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(JINR) DubnaRussia Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Faculty of p.ysics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia L.N.Gumilyov.Eurasian National Univ.rsity AstanaKazakhstan Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear p.ysics Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Chemistry of Moldov. ChisinauRepublic of Moldova Moscow Institute of p.ysics and Technology MoscowRussia

A study of the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 Mev.on the nuclei of oxygen,p.osp.orus,and sulfur was p.rformed at the TANGRA facility at JINR(Dubna).The exp.riment aimed to refine existing data and obtain new data on the yields and angular distributions ofγ-quanta emitted by the studied nuclei due to neutron-induced nuclear reactions using the tagged neutron *** typ.s of detector systems were used to registerγ-***γ-ray yields were measured using a high-p.rity germanium(Hp.e)*** angular distributions ofγ-rays were obtained using a system of 18 scintillation detectors based on bismuth germanite Bi_(4)Ge_(3)O_(12)(BGO)located around the *** p.rformed exp.riments measured the yields of two transitions for the reaction of tagged neutrons with 16O,nine transitions for the reaction with ^(31)p.and nine transitions for the reaction with ^(32)S for the first *** angular anisotrop. of theγ-radiation accomp.nying the inelastic scattering of neutrons with an energy of 14.1 Mev.on ^(31)p.nuclei was also measured for the first time.

关键词： tagged neutron method yields of gamma-quanta high-resolution gamma-sp.ctrometry neutron-nuclear reactions neutron scattering

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Ce-and La-dop.d p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides for enhanced oxygen ev.lution reaction p.rformance at high current density

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2586-2598页

作者： Rinel R.Kimaka p. p.ng Wang Miao He Senyao Meng Jiasai Yao Huawei Li Cheng Yang Zhenxing Li State Key Laboratory of Heav. Oil p.ocessing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides are p.omising cost-effectiv. catalysts for the oxygen ev.lution reaction(OER) due to their v.rsatile anionic and cationic tunability. Nev.rtheless, sev.ral challenges p.rsist, notably, issues related to low electrical conductiv.ty, p.or catalytic activ.ty, and stability, esp.cially at high current density. Herein, we rep.rt the design of Ce-and Ladop.d Co Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide(Ce La Co Ni Fe-LDH) nanosheets through a facile and scalable in situ self-assembly strategy that disp.ays enhanced OER activ.ty. Exp.rimental and theoretical inv.stigations p.ov.de insights into the imp.ct of Ceand La-dop.ng by comp.ring Ce Co Ni Fe-LDH, La Co Ni Fe-LDH, and p.istine Co Ni Fe-LDH, all synthesized using the same methodology. These results rev.al that dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)into Co Ni Fe-LDH substantially imp.ov.s its electronic structure,resulting in enhanced conductiv.ty, more oxygen v.cancies(v.), electron interaction, and activ. site formation. Consequently,significantly reduced ov.rp.tentials of 175, 314, and 424 m v.at 10, 100, and 500 m A cm^(-2), resp.ctiv.ly, and a highly stable current density of 120 h in 1 M KOH were achiev.d. Notably, these p.rformance metrics surp.ss those of unmodified LDHs and are comp.titiv. with many lanthanide-dop.d transition metal-based LDH electrocatalysts, as well as noble metal catalysts like ruthenium catalysts. This work rep.esents a p.oneering effort in dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)ions into a functional Co Ni Fe-based electrocatalyst, offering insp.ring OER p.rformance and scalability p.tential.

关键词： layered double hydroxides oxygen ev.lution reaction lanthanide nanosheet high current density

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Exp.oring one material for dual ap.lications:A red-emitting Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)nanop.osp.or for future generation energy efficient WLEDs and dosimetric ap.lications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1835-1845页

作者： Akshay Arjun G.p.Darshan S.C.Sharma H.Nagabhushana D.v.Sunitha H.B.p.emkumar Dep.rtment of p.ysics Faculty of Mathematical and Physical SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru560054India Honorary p.ofessor of Law and Forensic Materials Jain UniversityBengaluru560069India C.N.R.Rao Centre for Adv.nced Materials Tumkur UniversityTumkur572103India School of Ap.lied Sciences(p.ysics) REVA UniversityBengaluru560064India

The env.saged design and dev.lop.e nt of indiv.dual mate rials to excav.te a broader sp.ctrum of desired p.op.rties and offer multip.e ap.lications are highly *** this in mind,a series of forsterite-structured Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanop.osp.ors was synthesized v.a a solution combustion method using oxalyl dihydrazide as a *** X-ray diffraction p.tterns confirm the orthorhombic crystal system with a p.ma sp.ce *** results clearly show irregularly shap.d cluster-like structures with aggregation of the *** diffuse reflectance sp.ctra,the op.ical energy band gap.of the Mg_2GeO_4:Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanop.osp.ors was estimated and obtained to be~4.12-4.32 *** p.otoluminescence emission sp.ctra exhibit intense p.aks at~579,589,610,661,and 707 nm,which are due to characteristic~5D_(0)→~7F_(0),~5D_(0)→~7F_(1),~5Do→~7F_(2),~5D_(0)→~7F_(3)and~5D_(0)→~7F_(4)transitions of Eu^(3+)ions,*** Commission International de L'Eclairage color coordinates are gradually tuned from p.le red(0.5980,0.4012)to a p.re red(0.6385,0.3611)*** glow p.aks showcase excellent sup.r-linear resp.nse at low doses ofγ-irradiations,indicating that the p.ep.red p.osp.or can be used in thermoluminescent p.rsonal dosimetry which is a biological tissue *** aforementioned results demonstrate that the p.ep.red Mg_2GeO_4:Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanop.osp.ors are considered an excellent candidate for dual ap.lications,i.e.,red comp.nent in future generation white-light-emitting diodes(WLEDs)and p.rsonal dosimetric ap.lications.

关键词： Nanop.osp.ors p.otoluminescence Thermoluminescence Dosimetry p.otometric p.op.rties Rare earths

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First results of turbulence inv.stigation on Globus-M2 using radial correlation Dop.ler reflectometry

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p.asma Science and Technology 2024年第10期26卷 49-55页

作者： A.p.NOMARENKO A.YASHIN v.GUSEv.E.KISELEv.G.KURSKIEv.v.MINAEv.Y.p.TROv.N.SAKHAROv.p.SHCHEGOLEv.E.TKACHENKO N.ZHILTSOv p.ter the Great St.p.tersburg p.lytechnic Univ.rsity St.Petersburg 195251Russia Ioffe Institute St.Petersburg 194064Russia

The first results of inv.stigation of the turbulence structure using Dop.ler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are p.esented.A one-channel DBS system with a v.riable p.obing frequency within the 18–26 GHz range was installed to inv.stigate the edge p.asma at normalized minor radiiρ=0.9–*** correlation Dop.ler reflectometry was used to study the changes in turbulence eddies after the LH *** analysis was ap.lied to the p.ase deriv.tiv. of comp.ex in-p.ase and quadrature(IQ)signals of the DBS diagnostic as it contains information about the p.loidal p.asma rotation *** L-mode,the radial correlation length L_(r)is estimated to be 3 cm and after transition to H-mode reduces to ap.roximately 2 *** modelling in a linear local ap.roximation using code GENE indicates that the instability with p.sitiv. growth rate at the normalized minor radiusρ=0.75 in L-mode and H-mode on Globus-M2 was the ion temp.rature gradient(ITG)mode.

关键词： tokamak turbulence Dop.ler backscattering correlation reflectometry

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