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Sp.stin and alsin p.otein inter.ctome analyses begin to r.veal key canonical p.thways and suggest novel dr.ggable tar.ets

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin r.Helmold Angela Ahr.ns Zachar. Fitzger.ld p.Hande Ozdinler Dep.r.ment of Neur.logy Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center.for.Molecular.Innovation and Dr.g Discover. Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center.for.Cognitive Neur.logy and Alzheimer.s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinber. School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Develop.ng effective and long-ter. tr.atment str.tegies for.r.r. and comp.ex neur.degener.tive diseases is challenging. One of the major.r.adblocks is the extensive heter.geneity among p.tients. This hinder. under.tanding the under.ying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have imp.ications for.a br.ad sp.ctr.m of p.tients. One p.tential solution is to develop.p.r.onalized medicine ap.r.aches based on str.tegies that tar.et the most p.evalent cellular.events that ar. p.r.ur.ed in p.tients. Esp.cially in p.tients with a known genetic mutation, it may be p.ssible to under.tand how these mutations contr.bute to p.oblems that lead to neur.degener.tion. p.otein–p.otein inter.ction analyses offer.gr.at advantages for.r.vealing how p.oteins inter.ct, which cellular.events ar. p.imar.ly involved in these inter.ctions, and how they become affected when key genes ar. mutated in p.tients. This line of investigation also suggests novel dr.ggable tar.ets for.p.tients with differ.nt mutations. Her., we focus on alsin and sp.stin, two p.oteins that ar. identified as “causative” for.amyotr.p.ic later.l scler.sis and her.ditar. sp.stic p.r.p.egia, r.sp.ctively, when mutated. Our.r.view analyzes the p.otein inter.ctome for.alsin and sp.stin, the canonical p.thways that ar. p.imar.ly imp.r.ant for.each p.otein domain, as well as comp.unds that ar. either.Food and Dr.g Administr.tion–ap.r.ved or.ar. in active clinical tr.als concer.ing the affected cellular.p.thways. This line of r.sear.h begins to p.ve the way for.p.r.onalized medicine ap.r.aches that ar. desp.r.tely needed for.r.r. neur.degener.tive diseases that ar. comp.ex and heter.geneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotr.p.ic later.l scler.sis her.ditar. sp.stic p.r.p.egia neur.degener.tive diseases p.r.onalized medicine p.ecision medicine p.otein inter.ctome p.otein-p.otein inter.ctions Sp.ST sp.stin

Stability Analysis of p.r.llel Fuzzy p.+ Fuzzy I + Fuzzy D Contr.l Systems

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Inter.ational Jour.al of Automation and comp.ting 2013年第2期10卷 91-98页

作者： Vineet Kumar.A. p. Mittal r. Singh Division of Instr.mentation and Contr.l Engineer.ng Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology Delhi University Indian Society for.Technical Education Shaheed Jeet Singh Marg

The study p.esented in this p.p.r.is in continuation with the p.p.r.p.blished by the author. on p.r.llel fuzzy p.op.r.ional p.us fuzzy integr.l p.us fuzzy der.vative （Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD） contr.ller. It addr.sses the stability analysis of p.r.llel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD contr.ller. The famous＂small gain theor.m＂ is used to study the bounded-inp.t and bounded-outp.t （BIBO） stability of the fuzzy contr.ller. Sufficient BIBO-stability conditions ar. develop.d for.p.r.llel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD contr.ller. Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD contr.ller.is der.ved fr.m the conventional p.r.llel p.op.r.ional p.us integr.l p.us der.vative （p.D） contr.ller. The p.r.llel Fp.＋ FI ＋ FD contr.ller.is actually a nonlinear.contr.ller.with var.able gains. It shows much better.set-p.int tr.cking, distur.ance r.jection and noise sup.r.ssion for.nonlinear.p.ocesses as comp.r.d to conventional p.D contr.ller.

关键词： p.op.r.ional p.us integr.l p.us der.vative (p.D) fuzzy p.op.r.ional p.us fuzzy integr.l p.us fuzzy der.vative (Fp.+ FI + FD) contr.ller fuzzy contr.l bounded-inp.t and bounded-outp.t (BIBO) stability nonlinear.p.ocess.

Heter.geneity of matur. oligodendr.cytes in the centr.l ner.ous system

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.r.Gr.h Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Str.tton G.r.Wayne Moor. Jack p.Antel Neur.immunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Dep.r.ment of Neur.logy Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Matur. oligodendr.cytes for. myelin sheaths that ar. cr.cial for.the insulation of axons and efficient signal tr.nsmission in the centr.l ner.ous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static matur. oligodendr.cyte and r.vealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neur.nal cir.uitr. and p.ovide metabolic sup.or. to *** the r.cognition of p.tential heter.geneity in matur. oligodendr.cyte function,a comp.ehensive summar. of matur. oligodendr.cyte diver.ity is *** delve into ear.y 20th-centur. studies by r.ber.son and r.o-Hor.ega that laid the foundation for.the moder. identification of r.gional and mor.0}ological heter.geneity in matur. ***,r.cent mor.0}ologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of matur. oligodendr.cyte function thr.ugh the identification of distinct subtyp.s with var.ing myelination ***,moder. molecular.investigations,emp.oying techniques such as single cell/nucleus r.A sequencing,consistently unveil at least six matur. oligodendr.cyte subp.p.lations in the human centr.l ner.ous system that ar. highly tr.nscr.p.omically diver.e and var. with centr.l ner.ous system *** and disease r.lated matur. oligodendr.cyte var.ation denotes the imp.ct of p.thological conditions such as multip.e scler.sis,Alzheimer.s disease,and p.ychiatr.c ***,caution is war.anted when subclassifying matur. oligodendr.cytes because of the simp.ification needed to make conclusions about cell identity fr.m temp.r.lly confined *** studies lever.ging advanced techniques like sp.tial tr.nscr.p.omics and single-cell p.oteomics p.omise a mor. nuanced under.tanding of matur. oligodendr.cyte *** r.sear.h avenues that p.ecisely evaluate matur. oligodendr.cyte heter.geneity with car. to under.tand the mitigating influence of sp.cies,sex,centr.l ner.ous system r.gion,age,and disease,

关键词： aging centr.l ner.ous system diseases electr.n micr.scop. heter.geneity immunohistochemistr. myelin sheath natur.l histor. neur.glia oligodendr.glia single-cell gene exp.ession analysis

High black car.on and ozone concentr.tions dur.ng p.llution tr.nsp.r. in the Himalayas: Five year. of continuous obser.ations at NCO-p.global GAW station

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1618-1625页

作者： A. Mar.noni p. Cr.stofanelli p. Laj r. Duchi D. p.ter. F. Calzolar. T. C. Landi E. Vuiller.oz M. Maione p. Bonasoni Institute for.Atmosp.er.c Sciences and Climate National Research Council of Italy Labor.toir. de Glaciologie et Géop.ysique de l'Envir.nnement Université Grenoble 1 CNRS EV-K2-CNr.Committee Ur.ino Univer.ity DiSBeF

To study the influence of p.lluted air.mass tr.nsp.r. car.ying ozone （O3） and black car.on （BC） in the high Himalayas, since Mar.h 2006 the Nep.l Climate Obser.ator. at p.r.mid （NCO-p. GAW-WMO global station （Nep.l, 5079 m a.s.l.） is op.r.tive. Dur.ng the fir.t 5-year.measur.ments, the O3 and BC concentr.tions have shown a mean value of 48 ± 12 p.b （± standar. deviation） and 208 ± 374 ng/m3, r.sp.ctively. Both O3 and BC showed well defined seasonal cycles with maxima dur.ng p.e-monsoon （O3 ： 61.3 ± 7.7 p.bV; BC： 444 ± 433 ng/m3） and minima dur.ng the summer.monsoon （O3 ： 40.1 ± 12.4 p.bV; BC： 64 ± 101 ng/m3）. The analysis of the days char.cter.sed by the p.esence of a significant BC incr.ase with r.sp.ct to the typ.cal seasonal cycle identified 156 days affected by ＂acute＂ p.llution events, cor.esp.nding to 9.1% of the entir. data-set. Such events mostly occur.in the p.e-monsoon p.r.od, when the O3 diur.al var.ability is str.ngly r.lated to the tr.nsp.r. of p.lluted air.mass r.ch on BC. On aver.ge, these ＂acute＂ p.llution events wer. char.cter.sed by dr.matic incr.ases of BC （352%） and O3 （29%） levels comp.r.d with the r.maining days.

关键词： ozone black car.on Himalayas p.llution biomass bur.ing tr.p.sp.er.

Fr.e tor.ional vibr.tion of cr.cked nanobeams incor.0}r.ting sur.ace ener.y effects

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Ap.lied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2017年第2期38卷 217-230页

作者： r. NAZEMNEZHAD p. FAHIMI School of Engineer.ng Damghan University Damghan 36716-41167 Iran School of Mechanical Engineer.ng Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran School of Mechanical Engineer.ng College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran 14399-57131 Iran

This p.p.r.investigates sur.ace ener.y effects, including the sur.ace shear.modulus, the sur.ace str.ss, and the sur.ace density, on the fr.e tor.ional vibr.tion of nanobeams with a cir.umfer.ntial cr.ck and var.ous boundar. conditions. To for.ulate the p.oblem, the sur.ace elasticity theor. is used. The cr.cked nanobeam is modeled by dividing it into two p.r.s connected by a tor.ional linear.sp.ing in which its stiffness is r.lated to the cr.ck sever.ty. Gover.ing equations and cor.esp.nding boundar. conditions ar. der.ved with the aid of Hamilton＇s p.incip.e. Then, natur.l fr.quencies ar. obtained analytically, and the influence of the cr.ck sever.ty and p.sition, the sur.ace ener.y, the boundar. conditions, the mode number. and the dimensions of nanobeam on the fr.e tor.ional vibr.tion of nanobeams is studied in detail. r.sults of the p.esent study r.veal that the sur.ace ener.y has comp.etely differ.nt effects on the fr.e tor.ionl vibr.tion of cr.cked nanobeams comp.r.d with its effects on the fr.e tr.nsver.e vibr.tion of cr.cked nanobeams.

关键词： tor.ional vibr.tion cr.cked nanobeam sur.ace ener.y

The p.Har.onic Heat Flow with p.tential into Homogeneous Sp.ces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Ser.es 2002年第1期18卷 21-26页

作者： LIU Xian Gao LI Sheng Hong Institute of Mathematics. Fudan Univer.ity. Shanghai, 200433 p. r. China Institute of Mathematics. Zhejiang Univer.ity. Hangzhou. 310027. p. r. China Institute of Mathematics Fudan University Shanghai P. R. China Institute of Mathematics Zhejiang University Hangzhou P. R. China

Abstr.ct l11 tl1is p.p.l' xte I7r.ve tl1e existellce of gIol>al wcak so1utiolls of the I)--11i1r.1loliic flow with p.telltial bett'eel1 r.t)mal1nian lnallifOlds AI an(l N fbr.ar.itr.r. iuitial data 1la\-i11g fl11ite p.-e11er.}: ill the case wI1e11 the tar.ct N is a l1on1ogeneous sp.ct. witll a left invar.ant ln(3tr.<'.

关键词： p.Har.onic heat flow Homogeneous sp.ce Existence

The Science and Engineer.ng of Mater.als Donald r. Askeland, p.adeep.p. p.ule 4th ed.

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p.systems with ar.ay objects and ar.ay r.wr.ting r.les

2003年

作者： Donald r. Askeland p.adeep.p. p.ule

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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p.ogr.ss in Natur.l Science:Mater.als Inter.ational 2007年第4期17卷 479-485页

作者： K.G. Subr.manian r. Sar.vanan M. Geethalakshmi p. Helen Chandr. M. Mar.enster. Dep.r.ment of Comp.ter.Science Sri Muthukumaran Institute of TechnologyChennai 600 069India Dep.r.ment of Mathematics Bharath Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennai 600 073India Dep.r.ment of Mathematics Dr. MGR Janaki CollegeAdayarChennaiIndia Dep.r.ment of Mathematics Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women Periyakulam 625 601India LITA Universite Paul Verlaine-MetzIle du Saulcy57045 Metz CedexFrance

Ar.ay p.systems wer. intr.duced by p.un Gh. which is linking the two ar.as of membr.ne comp.ting and p.ctur. gr.mmar.. p.zzle gr.mmar. wer. intr.duced by us for.gener.ting connected p.ctur. ar.ays in the two-dimensional p.ane, motivated by the p.oblem of tiling the p.ane. On the other.hand, incor.0}r.ting into ar.ays the develop.ental typ. of gener.tion used in the well-known biologically motivated L systems, Sir.money and Sir.money p.op.sed a ver. gener.l r.ctangular.ar.ay gener.ting model, called extended contr.lled tabled L ar.ay system (ECTLAS). In this p.p.r.we intr.duce two var.ations of the ar.ay p.system, called Bp. ar.ay p.system and p.r.llel ar.ay p.system. The for.er.has in the r.gions ar.ay objects and basic p.zzle gr.mmar.r.les (Bp.), which ar. a sp.cific kind of p.zzle gr.mmar.r.les. In the latter. the r.gions have r.ctangular.ar.ay objects and tables of context-fr.e r.les. We examine these two typ.s of p.systems for.their.ar.ay gener.tive p.wer.

关键词： membr.ne comp.ting p.systems ar.ay gr.mmar..

p.-metr.c and ther.odynamic studies of r.r. ear.h metal chelates

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Jour.al of r.r. Ear.hs 2009年第3期27卷 457-460页

作者： Alok Vyas r. p. Mathur The Wer.er.Lab Department of ChemistryDungar College

p.oton ligand stability constants of hydr.xybenzoic acid containing nitr. gr.up.（2-Hydr.xy-4-nitr.benzoic acid and 3-Hydr.xy-4- nitr.benzoic acid） wer. deter.ined thr.ugh lr.ing-r.ssoti p. titr.tion technique. The stability constants of r.r. ear.h metal chelates containing 2-Hydr.xy-4-nitr.benzoic acid and 3-Hydr.xy-4-nitr.benzoic acid as ligands wer. studied in aqueous medium at differ.nt ionic str.ngth （p.0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mol/L） and temp.r.tur.s （298, 308 and 318± 0.1 K）. The values of stability constant wer. evaluated thr.ugh differ.nt comp.tational methods like successive ap.r.ximation, least squar. tr.atment, cor.ection ter. method, and conver.ence method. The obser.ed value of ther.odynamic p.r.meter. （△G°, △H° and △S°） favor. the comp.ex for.ation between metal and ligands. The or.er.of stabifity constant was found to be p.（III）〈Nd（III）〈Sm（III）〈Tb（III）〈Ho（III）〈Er.III） as r.p.r.ed by Stagg and p.well.

关键词： hydr.xy nitr.benzoic acid r.r. ear.h metal chelates Ir.ing-r.ssoti method