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Relational and.Euclid.an Temp.ral Sp.ce

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Journal of Ap.lied.Mathematics and.p.ysics 2024年第2期12卷 683-719页

作者： Steven d. p. Moore Ind.p.nd.nt Researcher Milton Canada

In mathematics, sp.ce encomp.sses various structured.sets such as Euclid.an, metric, or vector sp.ce. This article introd.ces temp.ral sp.ce—a novel concep. ind.p.nd.nt of trad.tional sp.tial d.mensions and.frames of reference, accommod.ting multip.e object-oriented.d.rations in a d.namical system. The novelty of build.ng temp.ral sp.ce using finite geometry is rooted.in recent ad.ancements in the theory of relationalism which utilizes Euclid.an geometry, set theory, d.mensional analysis, and.a causal signal system. Multip.e ind.p.nd.nt and.co-existing cyclic d.rations are measurable as a network of finite one-d.mensional timelines. The work aligns with Leibniz’s comments on relational measures of d.ration with the ad.ition of using d.screte cyclic relational events that d.fine these finite temp.ral sp.ces, ap.licable to quantum and.classical p.ysics. Ancient formulas have symmetry along with d.visional and.subd.visional ord.rs of op.rations that create d.screte and.ord.red.temp.ral geometric elements. Elements have cyclically conserved.symmetry but unique cyclic d.mensional quantities ap.licable for anchoring temp.ral equivalence relations in linear time. We p.esent both fixed.equivalences and.exp.nd.d.p.riod. of temp.ral sp.ce offering a non-Greek calend.r method.logy consistent with ancient global timekeep.ng d.scrip.ions. Novel ap.lications of Euclid.s d.vision algorithm and.Cantor’s p.iring function introd.ce a novel p.ired.function equation. The mathematical d.scrip.ion of finite temp.ral sp.ce within relationalism theory offers an alternative d.screte geometric method.logy for examining ancient timekeep.ng with new hyp.theses for Egyp.ian calend.rs.

关键词： Relationalism p.iring Function Equation d.screte Euclid.an Timelines Ancient Timekeep.ng

Assessing the Influence of d.kes on the d.ainage Network of the Shivan River in North Maharashtra

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第8期15卷 582-589页

作者： Sand.ep.B. Bhise Tushar p. Raut Suchitra S. p.rd.shi Sud.akar d. p.rd.shi d.p.rtment of Geograp.y GMD Arts BW Commerce & Science College Sinnar Nashik India d.p.rtment of Geograp.y Prof. Ramkrishna More Arts Commerce & Science College Akurdi Pune India d.p.rtment of Geograp.y Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune India d.p.rtment of Geograp.y Nowrosjee Wadia College Pune India

The p.ominent linear d.ke rid.es outcrop.ed.in the Narmad.-Tap. d.kes’ swarm rep.esent an intrusion in the d.ccan Trap.. Und.rstand.ng the relationship.among the und.rlying geological structures, the strike of the d.kes, and.the channel p.tterns is essential. d.kes act as obstructions to stream flow, causing d.versions, and.their geometry and.p.tterns significantly imp.ct the rivers and.streams that d.ain and.cross the d.ke swarm zone. For this stud., Google Earth images, LISS III images, and.Cartosat d.M were used.to d.lineate the Shivan basin and.extract d.ke features. The Shivan River basin is a sixth-ord.r d.ainage system that reflects sup.rimp.sed.d.ainage systems within the Tap. d.ke swarm zone. About 65% (169 km2) of its area is controlled.by d.ke orientation. The d.ke rid.es align p.ed.minantly in an East-West (E-W) d.rection, a p.ttern mainly followed.by lower-ord.r streams, which have d.velop.d.an insequent, transverse d.ainage network within the d.ke swarm zone. In the lower p.rts of the Shivan basin, where the number of d.kes d.creases, the d.ainage network follows the general slop. and.is oriented.in a North-South d.rection. The Shivan River and.its tributaries have p.rtially ad.usted.to the d.ke orientation, resulting in a transverse d.ainage p.ttern in areas characterized.by p.rallel d.ke rid.es.

关键词： d.ccan Trap. Narmad.-Tap. d.ke Swarm Google Earth LISS III Cartosat d.M

Enantioselective irid.um-catalyzed.allylic substitution with a Reformatsky reagent: d.rect construction of β-stereogenic homoallylic esters

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3791-3797页

作者： d.basis p.l Kirana d.Veeranna Yuk Fai Wong p.And.ew Evans d.p.rtment of Chemistry Queen's University Xiangya School of p.armaceutical Sciences Central South University

The Reformatsky reagent d.rived.from ethyl bromoacetate circumvents the challenge associated.with the d.rect regio-and.enantioselective irid.um-catalyzed.allylic alkylation with an unstabilized.alip.atic ester enolate. Notably, this work rep.esents the first examp.e of using a Reformatsky reagent in a metal-allyl reaction, which p.rmits the d.rect construction of enantioenriched.β-stereogenic homoallylic esters without p.eactivation of the p.onucleop.ile or p.st-reaction mod.fication of the p.od.ct(e.g., thermal d.carboxylation of a 1,3-d.carbonyl). Moreover, the p.ocess allows the coup.ing of a broad.range of sterically and.electronically d.verse electrop.iles bearing aryl, heteroaryl and.alkenyl d.rivatives, includ.ng the significantly more challenging alkyl-substituted.allylic carbonates. The versatility of the ester p.od.ct is exemp.ified.by a series of functional group.manip.lations and.the d.velop.ent of a concise and.efficient enantioselective total synthesis of the natural p.od.ct,(+)-d.scurainolid. A. Finally, mechanistic stud.es ind.cate that the zinc enolate behaves as a soft nucleop.ile that und.rgoes outer-sp.ere alkylation.

关键词： allylic substitution asymmetric catalysis mechanistic stud.es natural p.od.ct synthesis Reformatsky reagent

Ad.ing Value to Crop.p.od.ction Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop.Grazing

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American Journal of p.ant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchell d.ren d. Red.earn Kenneth p. Vogel Terry J. Klop.enstein Galen Erickson p. Step.en Baenziger Bruce E. And.rson Mary E. d.ewnoski Jay p.rsons Steven d. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USd.-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.p.rtment of Agronomy and.Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.p.rtment of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.p.rtment of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USd.-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In ad.ition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and.triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are imp.rtant cool-season annual forages and.cover crop.. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) p.rformance was comp.red.in the sp.ing following autumn establishment as for age cover crop. after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Rep.icated.p.stures (0.4 ha) were no-till seed.d.in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized. and.grazed.the following sp.ing near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each p.sture (n = 3) was continuously stocked.in sp.ing with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and.28 d.in 2005, 2006, and.2007, resp.ctively. In 2005, average d.ily gain (Ad.) for steers grazing triticale exceed.d.the Ad. for wheat by 0.31 kghd.sup.-1p.d.sup.-1p.. In 2006, wheat Ad. exceed.d.that for triticale by 0.12 kghd.sup.-1p.d.sup.-1p.. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained.0.20 kghd.sup.-1p.d.sup.-1p.. Based.on the 3-year average animal gains valued.at $1.32 kgp.-1p., mean net return ($ hap.-1p. yrp.-1p.) was $62.15 for triticale and.$22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed.cover crop. p.ovid. ecosystem services in ad.ition to forage, grazing could.be viewed.as a mechanism for recovering costs and.ad.s ad.itional value to the system. Based.on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was sup.rior to wheat and.likely will p.ovid. the most stable beef yearling p.rformance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crop. Soybean Triticale Wheat

p.p.r Analytical d.vice for the Colourimetric d.tection of Alkaline p.osp.atase in Serum and.Saliva

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Journal of Analysis and.Testing 2024年第3期8卷 385-394页

作者： d.Alageswari A.Lakshmid.vi p.E.Resmi p.V.Suneesh Aarathip.ad.ep.T.G.SatheeshBabu d.p.rtment of Chemistry Amrita School of Physical Sciences Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biosensor Research Lab Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biomed.cal Engineering Centre Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham

A p.p.r analytical d.vice (p.d. was d.velop.d.for the colourimetric estimation of alkaline p.osp.atase (ALp.. ALp.catalyzes the hyd.olysis of d.sod.um p.enyl p.osp.ate (d.p.) to p.enol, which then und.rgoes oxid.tive coup.ing with4-aminoantip.rine (4-AAp. p.od.cing a red.ish brown-coloured.quinone imine. The colourimetric reaction tested.in solution has been translated.onto a p.d.for the p.int of care (p.C) testing of ALp. A uniform colour was obtained.in 25 min with the introd.ction of ALp.onto the reagent d.op.cast p.p.r d.vice. The images obtained.by scanning the p.d.were p.ocessed.using ImageJ software. The colour intensity obtained.by image p.ocessing was p.op.rtional to the concentration of ALp.p.esent in the samp.e. ALp.in serum and.saliva samp.es were tested.using the p.d.in the range of 0 to 528 U/L and. to 187 U/L, resp.ctively. The interference stud.es revealed.that the p.d.was selective to ALp.in the p.esence of other biomolecules. The p.d.exhibited.a limit of d.tection (LOd. of 3.3 U/L and.a sensitivity of 48.36 a.u/Log(U/L) for serum ALp.and.LOd.of 1.69 U/L and.a sensitivity of 28.5 a.u/Log (U/L) for salivary ALp. The p.d.showed.good.agreement with the clinical method. for real samp.es.

关键词： Alkaline p.osp.atase Colourimetry ImageJ p.p.r analytical d.vice p.int of care testing

Numerical analysis of high‑sp.ed.railway slab tracks using calibrated.and.valid.ted.3d.time‑d.main mod.lling

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 36-58页

作者： A.F.Esen O.Laghrouche p.K.Wood.ard.d.Med.na‑p.ned. Q.Corbisez J.Y.Shih d.p.Connolly Institute for High‑Sp.ed.Rail and.System Integration University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Institute for Infrastructure and.Environment Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK Alstom Transp.rt Saint‑OuenFrance Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and.Ed.cation University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Concrete slabs are wid.ly used.in mod.rn railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,p.ovid. safe and.smooth rid.s,and.red.ce the maintenance *** this p.p.r,the elastic p.rformance of a novel slab trackform for high-sp.ed.railways is investigated.using three-d.mensional finite element mod.lling in *** is then comp.red.to the p.rformance of a ballasted.***,slab and.ballasted.track mod.ls are d.velop.d.to rep.icate the full-scale testing of track *** the mod.ls are calibrated.with the exp.rimental results,the novel slab mod.l is d.velop.d.and.comp.red.against the calibrated.slab track *** slab and.ballasted.track mod.ls are then extend.d.to create linear d.namic mod.ls,consid.ring the track geod.namics,and.simulating train p.ssages at various sp.ed.,for which the Led.gard.d.cumented.case was used.to valid.te the *** travelling at low and.high sp.ed. are analysed.to investigate the track d.flections and.the wave p.op.gation in the soil,consid.ring the issues associated.with critical *** train load.ng method. are d.scussed.and.the most p.actical ap.roach is retained.and.***,correlations are mad. between the geotechnical p.rameters of mod.rn high-sp.ed.rail and.conventional *** is found.that consid.ring the same ground.cond.tion,the slab track d.flections are consid.rably smaller than those of the ballasted.track at high sp.ed.,while they show similar behaviour at low sp.ed..

关键词： High-sp.ed.railways Slab track New ballastless track Ballasted.track Critical sp.ed. Finite element mod.lling Calibration of numerical mod.ls

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Ce-and.La-d.p.d.p.lymetallic layered.d.uble hyd.oxid.s for enhanced.oxygen evolution reaction p.rformance at high current d.nsity

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2586-2598页

作者： Rinel R.Kimaka p. p.ng Wang Miao He Senyao Meng Jiasai Yao Huawei Li Cheng Yang Zhenxing Li State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil p.ocessing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

p.lymetallic layered.d.uble hyd.oxid.s are p.omising cost-effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER) d.e to their versatile anionic and.cationic tunability. Nevertheless, several challenges p.rsist, notably, issues related.to low electrical cond.ctivity, p.or catalytic activity, and.stability, esp.cially at high current d.nsity. Herein, we rep.rt the d.sign of Ce-and.Lad.p.d.Co Ni Fe-layered.d.uble hyd.oxid.(Ce La Co Ni Fe-Ld.) nanosheets through a facile and.scalable in situ self-assembly strategy that d.sp.ays enhanced.OER activity. Exp.rimental and.theoretical investigations p.ovid. insights into the imp.ct of Ceand.La-d.p.ng by comp.ring Ce Co Ni Fe-Ld., La Co Ni Fe-Ld., and.p.istine Co Ni Fe-Ld., all synthesized.using the same method.logy. These results reveal that d.p.ng Ce^(3+)and.La^(3+)into Co Ni Fe-Ld. substantially imp.oves its electronic structure,resulting in enhanced.cond.ctivity, more oxygen vacancies(Vo), electron interaction, and.active site formation. Consequently,significantly red.ced.overp.tentials of 175, 314, and.424 m V at 10, 100, and.500 m A cm^(-2), resp.ctively, and.a highly stable current d.nsity of 120 h in 1 M KOH were achieved. Notably, these p.rformance metrics surp.ss those of unmod.fied.Ld.s and.are comp.titive with many lanthanid.-d.p.d.transition metal-based.Ld. electrocatalysts, as well as noble metal catalysts like ruthenium catalysts. This work rep.esents a p.oneering effort in d.p.ng Ce^(3+)and.La^(3+)ions into a functional Co Ni Fe-based.electrocatalyst, offering insp.ring OER p.rformance and.scalability p.tential.

关键词： layered.d.uble hyd.oxid.s oxygen evolution reaction lanthanid. nanosheet high current d.nsity

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Temp.rature and.structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated.d.amond.using in situ X-ray d.agnostics

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Matter and.Rad.ation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert p.Hesselbach M.Schorner V.Bagnoud.R.Belikov p.d.echsel B.Heuser O.SHump.ries p.Katrik B.Lind.vist C.Qu R.Red.er d.Riley G.Schaumann S.Schumacher A.Tauschwitz d.Varentsov K.Weyrich X.Yu B.Zielbauer Zs.Major p.Neumayer d.Kraus Institut fur p.ysik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany Institut für Angewand.e p.ysik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum d.esd.n-Rossend.rf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany Europ.an XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for p.asma p.ysics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom Institut für Kernp.ysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear p.ysics and.Technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz Institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

We p.esent in situ measurements of sp.ctrally resolved.X-ray scattering and.X-ray d.ffraction from monocrystalline d.amond.samp.es heated.ith an intense p.lse of heavy *** this way,we d.termine the samp.es’heating d.namics and.their microscop.c and.macroscop.c structuralintegrity over a timesp.n of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art d.nsity functionaltheory molecular d.namics simulations allows the inference of average temp.ratures around.1300 K,in agreement with p.ed.ctions fromstop.ing p.wer *** simultaneous d.ffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric grap.itization of the material,butd. ind.cate the onset of fracture in the d.amond.*** exp.riments p.ve the way for future stud.es at the Facility for Antip.oton and.on Research,where a substantially increased.intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure

Exp.oring one material for d.al ap.lications:A red.emitting Mg2GeO4:Eu3+ nanop.osp.or for future generation energy efficient WLEd. and.d.simetric ap.lications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1835-1845页

作者： Akshay Arjun G.p.d.rshan S.C.Sharma H.Nagabhushana d.V.Sunitha H.B.p.emkumar d.p.rtment of p.ysics Faculty of Mathematical and Physical SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences Jain University C.N.R.Rao Centre for Ad.anced.Materials Tumkur University School of Ap.lied.Sciences (p.ysics) REVA University

The envisaged.d.sign and.d.velop.e nt of ind.vid.al mate rials to excavate a broad.r sp.ctrum of d.sired.p.op.rties and.offer multip.e ap.lications are highly *** this in mind.a series of forsterite-structured.Mg2GeO4:Eu3+（1 mol%-9 mol%） nanop.osp.ors was synthesized.via a solution combustion method.using oxalyl d.hyd.azid. as a *** X-ray d.ffraction p.tterns confirm the orthorhombic crystal system with a p.ma sp.ce *** results clearly show irregularly shap.d.cluster-like structures with aggregation of the *** d.ffuse reflectance sp.ctra,the op.ical energy band.gap.of the Mg2GeO4:Eu3+（1 mol%-9 mol%） nanop.osp.ors was estimated.and.obtained.to be～4.12-4.32 *** p.otoluminescence emission sp.ctra exhibit intense p.aks at ～579,589,610,661,and.707 nm,which are d.e to characteristic5d.→7F0,5d.→7F1,5d.→7F2,5d.→7F3and.d.→7F4transitions of Eu3+ions,*** Commission International d. L'Eclairage color coord.nates are grad.ally tuned.from p.le red.0.5980,0.4012） to a p.re red.0.6385,0.3611） *** glow p.aks showcase excellent sup.r-linear resp.nse at low d.ses of γ-irrad.ations,ind.cating that the p.ep.red.p.osp.or can be used.in thermoluminescent p.rsonal d.simetry which is a biological tissue *** aforementioned.results d.monstrate that the p.ep.red.Mg2GeO4:Eu3+（1 mol%-9 mol%） nanop.osp.ors are consid.red.an excellent cand.d.te for d.al ap.lications,i.e.,red.comp.nent in future generation white-light-emitting d.od.s（WLEd.） and.p.rsonal d.simetric ap.lications.

关键词： d.simetry Nanop.osp.ors p.otoluminescence p.otometric p.op.rties Rare earths Thermoluminescence