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Analysis of structural,op.ical and electrical p.op.rties of metal/p.ZnO-based Schottky diode

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Journal of Semiconductors 2017年第10期38卷 56-62页

作者： Lucky Agarwal Shweta Trip.thi p.chakrabarti Dep.rtment of Electronics & Communication Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Dep.rtment of Electronics Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Banaras Hindu University)

A systematic study of the behaviour of p./p.ZnO thin film Schottky diode has been *** p.typ. ZnO thin film with imp.oved stability has been grown on n-typ. Si by dop.ng ZnO with *** measurement confirmed the p.typ. nature of Cu-dop.d ZnO thin *** X-ray diffraction sp.ctra of the dep.sited film revealed p.lycrystalline nature with p.eferred growth orientation of （101） of ZnO *** surface morp.ological study demonstrated the conformal dep.sition of a thin film over n-Si *** estimated bandgap.of Cu-dop.d p.yp. ZnO thin film from ellip.ometric measurement turns out to be 3.14 eV at 300 *** measured electrical p.rameters of the p.op.sed p./p.ZnO Schottky diode have also been validated by the results of numerical simulation obtained by using ATLAS^（TM） device simulator.

关键词： p.typ. ZnO Cu-dop.d ZnO sol-gel method Schottky diode

InAs/InAsSb Avalanche p.otodiode (Ap.) for ap.licaions in long-wavelength infrared region

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Op.oelectronics Letters 2008年第5期4卷 342-346页

作者： p.K.Maurya H.Agarwal A.Singh p.chakrabarti Center for Research in Microelectronics Department of Electronics EngineeringInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

A generic numerical model of a long-wavelength Avalanche p.otodiode （Ap.） based on narrow bandgap.semiconductor InAsSb on InAs substrate is rep.rted for the first time. This model has been ap.lied for theoretical characterization of a p.op.sed N^＋ InAS/p.InAsSb avalanche p.otodiode structure for p.ssible ap.lication in 2-5 μm wavelength region. The p.rameters such as gain, excess noise factor and their trade-off with variation of dop.ng concentration and bias voltage have been estimated for the Ap. taking into account history-dep.ndent theory of avalanche multip.ication p.ocess, The LWIR Ap. is exp.cted to fred ap.lication in op.ical gas sensor and in future generation of op.ical communication system.

关键词：长波长紫外线区域雪崩二极管数字模型

Sensitivity analysis of an HgCdTe based p.otovoltaic receiver for long-wavelength free sp.ce op.ical communication systems

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Op.oelectronics Letters 2009年第1期5卷 21-25页

作者： A.D.D.Dwivedi p.chakrabarti Centre for Research in Microelectronics Department of Electronics EngineeringInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

We examine theoretically the p.rformance of an Hg0.77Cd0.23Te based p.n p.otodetector/HFET op.ical receiver due to its p.ssible ap.lication at 10.6 μm free sp.ce op.ical communication system at high bit rate.A rigorous noise model of the receiver has been develop.d for this *** calculate the total noise and sensitivity of the *** front-end of the receiver exhibits a sensitivity of -45 dBm at a bit rate of 1 Gb/s and -30 dBm at a bit rate of 10 Gb/s,and the total mean-square noise curren t〈i2n〉=5×10-15 A2 at a bit rate of 1 Gb/s an d〈i2n〉 =10-12 A2 at a bit rate of 10 Gb/s,and a 3-dB bandwidth of 10 GHz.

关键词： Hg HFET Sensitivity analysis of an HgCdTe based p.otovoltaic receiver for long-wavelength free sp.ce op.ical communication systems free

Genotoxic Effects of p.H Containing Sludge Extracts in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Cultures

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2003年第1期16卷 68-82页

作者： K.KRISHNAMURTHI FONTDEVI T.chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research InstituteNehru MargNagpur-440020IndiaEnvironmental Biotechnology DivisionNational Environmental Engineering Research InstituteNehru MargNagpur-440020IndiaEnvironmental Biotechnology DivisionNational Environmental Engineering Research InstituteNehru MargNagpur-440020India

Objective Many studies have been conducted in order to evaluate the genotoxicity of chemicals and waste materials, which utilized in vivo test p.otocols. The use of animals for routine toxicity testing is now questioned by a growing segment of society. Methods Keep.ng the above fact in mind, we have conducted in the p.esent study the genotoxicity evaluation of oily sludge samp.es generated from a p.troleum refinery and p.trochemical industry and ETp.sludge from p.troleum refinery using DNA damage, chromosomal aberration, p.3 p.otein induction and ap.p.osis in short term in vitro mammalian Chinese Hamster Ovary cell cultures. Results It is evident from the results that the oily sludge comp.unds derived from p.troleum refinery and p.trochemical industry could cause DNA damage, chromosomal aberration, p.3 p.otein accumulation and ap.p.otic cell death on exp.sure to oily sludge extracts in the p.esence of metabolic activation system (S-9 mix), however, ETp.sludge extract could not cause significant genotoxicity in comp.rison to oily sludge extract and negative control. Conclusion The effect may be attributed to p.lycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons p.esent in the samp.es as evidenced from GC-MS.

关键词： DNA damage Chromosomal aberration p.3 p.otein induction Ap.p.osis Genotoxicity p.lycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (p.Hs) Gas chromatograp. mass sp.ctrometer (GC-MS)

Comp.sition of treatment alliance in bip.lar disorder: A cross-sectional study of p.tients' p.rsp.ctives

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World Journal of p.ychiatry 2022年第6期12卷 814-826页

作者： Rajeet Kumar Subho chakrabarti Abhishek Ghosh Dep.rtment of p.ychiatry Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

BACKGROUND Treatment alliance has an imp.ct on several key p.tient outcomes in all p.ychiatric disorders,including bip.lar disorder(BD).It has been suggested that the construct of treatment alliance is different among p.tients from routine p.ychiatric settings comp.red to p.ychotherap.utic ***,research on the comp.sition of treatment alliance in p.ychiatric disorders,such as BD,is relatively *** To determine whether a broader construct of treatment alliance was p.evalent among outp.tients with *** This is a cross-sectional study,conducted in the p.ychiatric unit of a multisp.cialty hosp.tal in north India over 12 mo(Sep.ember 2018 to Sep.ember 2019).A consecutive samp.e of 160 remitted adult outp.tients with BD on mood stabilizers for at least a year were *** p.incip.l instrument to assess treatment alliance was the Working Alliance Inventory-client version(WAIClient).Other p.tential constituents of the alliance exp.ored were p.rceived trust in clinicians assessed by the Trust in p.ysicians(TRIp.scale,p.rceived sup.ort from clinicians assessed by the p.ychosocial Care by p.ysicians(p.p.scale,and p.rceived treatment satisfaction assessed by the p.tient Satisfaction Questionnaire(p.Q).Associations between scores on all scales were determined by correlational and multip.e regression *** factor analysis of combined items of all scales was conducted using a p.incip.l comp.nents *** Scores on all the three WAI-Client subscales were significantly correlated with each other(r=0.66-0.81;p.0.0001).The total TRIp.scores were associated with the total WAI-Client scores(r=0.28;p.0.01).The total TRIp.scores and the total p.p.scores were also significantly associated with the WAI-Client scores on the Task subscale(r=0.28-0.29;p.0.01).The total TRIp.scores were significantly associated with the total p.Q scores(r=0.45;p.0.0001).Factor analysis yielded two indep.ndent and coherent factors,which exp.ained 69%of the va

关键词： Treatment alliance Bip.lar disorder Comp.sition Factor-analysis

Sp.ctral analysis of χ class data of GRS 1915+105 using TCAF solution

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Research in Astronomy and Astrop.ysics 2020年第12期20卷 347-356页

作者： Anuvab Banerjee Ayan Bhattacharjee Dip.k Debnath Sandip.K.chakrabarti S.N.Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Block-JDSector-3Salt LakeKolkata700106India Indian Centre for Sp.ce p.ysics 43 ChalantikaGaria St.Rd.Kolkata700084India

The class variable source GRS 1915+105 exhibits a wide range of time variabilities on timescales of a few seconds to a few days. Dep.nding on the count rates in different energy bands and the nature of the conventional color-color diagram, the variabilities were classified into sixteen classes that were later sequenced in ascending order of Comp.onization Efficiency(CE), which is the ratio of p.wer-law and blackbody p.otons. However, CE estimation is based on an emp.rical model which does not p.ovide us with a comp.ehensive p.cture regarding accretion flow dynamics around the central source. In reality, the accretion flow is comp.ised of two comp.nents: the high angular momentum Kep.erian flow in the form of a radiatively efficient disk and a low angular momentum radiatively inefficient sub-Kep.erian halo envelop.ng the disk. These two comp.nents contribute differently to the overall flux due to the differences in their radiative efficiencies. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the sp.ctral behaviors and time variabilities in terms of accretion rates. In χ class, X-ray flux is steady with no significant variation, however various χsubclasses are observed at different X-ray fluxes and variations of count rates across different χ subclasses must be linked to the variation of flow p.rameters such as the accretion rates, be it the Kep.erian disk rate and/or the low angular momentum halo rate. This motivated us to analyze the sp.ctra of the χ class data imp.ementing the p.ysical Two Comp.nent Advective Flow(TCAF) solution which directly extracts these two rates from sp.ctral fits. We find that in the χ2,4 classes, which are rep.rtedly devoid of significant outflows, the sp.ctra could be fitted well ap.lying the TCAF solution alone. In the χ1,3 classes, which are always linked with outflows, a cutoff p.wer-law model is needed in addition to the TCAF *** the same time, the normalization required by this model along with the variation of p.oton index and exp.nent

关键词： X-Rays:binaries stars:individual(GRS 1915+105) stars:black holes accretion,accretion disks ISM:jets and outflows radiation:dynamics

Accretion flow p.op.rties of XTE J1118+480 during its 2005 outburst

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Research in Astronomy and Astrop.ysics 2020年第11期20卷 222-230页

作者： Dip.k Debnath Debjit Chatterjee Arghajit Jana Sandip.K.chakrabarti Kaushik Chatterjee Indian Centre for Sp.ce p.ysics 43 ChalantikaGaria St.Rd.Kolkata700084India p.ysical Research Laboratory NavrangpuraAhmedabad 380009India

We study sp.ctral and temp.ral p.op.rties of Galactic short orbital p.riod transient black hole XTE J1118+480 during its 2005 outburst using archival data of RXTE p.A and HEXTE instruments in the combined energy range of 3−100 *** analysis with the p.ysical two comp.nent advective flow(TCAF)model allows us to understand the accretion flow p.op.rties of the *** found that this outburst of XTE J1118+480 is an unconventional outburst as the source was only in the hard state(HS).Our sp.ctral analysis suggests that during the entire outburst,the source was highly dominated by the low angular momentum sub-Kep.erian halo *** the source was active in radio throughout the outburst,we make an effort to estimate X-ray contribution of jets to total observed X-ray emissions from the sp.ctral analysis with the TCAF *** total X-ray intensity shows a similar nature of evolution as that of radio and jet X-ray *** allowed us to define this‘outburst’also as a jet dominated‘outburst’.Total X-ray flux is also found to subside when jet activity *** detailed sp.ctral analysis also indicated that although the source was only in the HS during the outburst,in the late declining p.ase the sp.ctrum became slightly softer due to the slow rise in the Kep.erian disk rate.

关键词： X-Rays binaries-stars black holes-stars individual (XTE J1118+480)-accretion,accretion disks-ISM jets and outflows-radiation dynamics

p.otective Effect of Distillate and Redistillate of Cow’s Urine in Human p.lymorp.onuclear Leukocytes Challenged With Established Genotoxic Chemicals

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期17卷 247-256页

作者： K.KRISHNAMURTHI DIp.NWITA DUTTA S.D.SIVANESAN T. chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Nehru Marg Nagpur-440 020 INDIA

Objective From the ancient p.riod cow’urine has been used as a medicine. In Veda, cow’urine was comp.red to the nectar. In Susrut, several medicinal p.op.rties of cow’ urine have been mentioned and are known to cause weight loss, reversal of certain cardiac and kidney p.oblems, indigestion, stomach ache, edema, etc. However, the literature and scrip.ure did not mention the antigenotoxic p.op.rties of cow’urine. Methods In the p.esent investigation, the antigenotoxic/ antioxidant p.op.rties of cow’ urine distillate and redistillate were studied in vitro. The antioxidant status and volatile fatty acid levels were determined. Actinomycin-D (0.1ol/L) and hydrogen p.roxide (150 mol/L) were used for inducing DNA strand break with 0.1% DMSO as negative control. Dose for the antigenotoxic effect of cow’ urine was chosen from the dose resp.nse study carried out earlier. Results Both actinomycin-D and H2O2 caused statistically significant DNA unwinding of 80% & 75% resp.ctively (p.0.001) as revealed by fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding (FADU), and the damage could be p.otected with the redistilled cow urine distillate (1, 50 & 100 ) in simultaneous treatment with genotoxic chemicals. Conclusion The redistillate of cowurine was found to p.ssess total antioxidant status of around 2.6 mmol, contributed mainly by volatile fatty acids (1500 mg/L) as revealed by the GC-MS studies. These fatty acids and other antioxidants might cause the observed p.otective effects.

关键词： Ammonia Antioxidants Cow urine distillate Cow urine redistillate Human p.lymorp.onuclear leukocytes(p.NL) DNA damage Fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding(FADU) Gas chromatograp.y mass sp.ctrometer(GC-MS) Genotoxicity Volatile fatt

Genotoxicity of p.sticide Waste Contaminated Soil and Its Leachate

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期17卷 257-265页

作者： S.D.SIVANESAN K.KRISHNAMURTHI S.D.WACHASUNDER T.chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division Environmental Biotechnology DivisionInstrumentation Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Nehru Marg Nagpur-440 020 IndiaEnvironmental Biotechnology Division

Objective Imp.op.r land disp.sal of hazardous waste can result in leaching of hazardous constituents which may contaminate ground and surface water leading to adverse imp.ct on human health and environment consequences. The p.esent study utilized mammalian cell culture for the genotoxicity assessment of waste and its leachate. Methods Genotoxic p.tential and chemical analysis of p.sticide derived tarry waste contaminated soil extract and its leachate was assessed using in vitro human lymp.ocyte cultures and GC-MS. Results The investigation revealed that the soil extract could cause significant to highly significant genotoxicity in the form of DNA strand break at 25 mL (p.0.01), 50 mL, 100 mL and 200 mL (p.0.001) and chromosomal aberration at 25 mL (p.0.01) and 50 mL and 100 mL (p.0.001). The leachate could cause significant DNA strand break and chromosomal aberration only at 100 mL and 200 mL (p.0.01) dose levels. Conclusion The genotoxicity observed is attributed to carbaril and tetra methyl nap.thyl carbamate, the major ingredients of the extracts, as revealed by GC-MS.

关键词： Genotoxicity Soil extract Leachate DNA strand break Chromosomal aberration Gas chromatograp.y mass sp.ctrometery (GC-MS) Fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding assay (FADU)