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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第11期7卷 2181-2187页

作者： oyetunji samson adenle Edeko Fred Oba Department of Electrical~Electronic Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering University of Benin Benin Nigeria

Lack of up-to-date information on efficient operation and maintenance of EPDS （electric power distribution systems）, Nigeria is addressed by designing and implementing an indigenous real-time monitoring and diagnosis system. The system encompasses the development of software driven hardware positioned at the remotely located sub-stations at the low voltage level to keep track of the network in real-time. The detection of faults exploits threshold passing algorithm through continuous monitoring of the network power quality. Communication between the RTU （remote terminal unit） and the DCC （distribution control center） which is based on GSM is initiated by disturbance. The DCC performs fault evaluation processing using the received data and predetermined faults signatures to determine the nature of disturbance and presents the result in graphic user interface environment. A fault reporting time of 2 s was achieved. The developed system exhibits a high degree of accuracy and manifests no spurious reports during testing. The resultant system limits the effects of interruption and increases power availability by reducing the down time. The system strengthens engineering and management capabilities required to enhance reliability by providing information about the network health status.

关键词： Automation communication media current and electric power distribution.

Advanced Thermochemical Conversion Approaches for Green Hydrogen Production from Crop Residues

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第1期12卷 1-28页

作者： Omojola Awogbemi Ayotunde Adigun Ojo samson Adedayo Adeleye Department of Mechanical Engineering Ekiti State UniversityAdo EkitiNigeria

The huge volumes of crop residues generated during the production,processing,and consumption of farm products constitute an ecological nuisance when ineffectively *** conversion of crop residues to green hydrogen is one of the sustainable management strategies for ubiquitous crop *** of green hydrogen from crop residue sources will contribute to deepening access to clean and affordable energy,mitigating climate change,and ensuring environmental ***,the deployment of conventional thermochemical technologies for the conversion of crop residues to green hydrogen is costly,requires long residence time,produces low-quality products,and therefore needs to be *** current review examines the conventional,advanced,and integrated thermochemical conversion technologies for crop residues for green hydrogen *** a brief overview of the conventional thermochemical techniques,the review delves into the broad narration of advanced thermochemical technologies including catalytic pyrolysis,microwave pyrolysis,co-pyrolysis,hyropyrolysis,and autothermal *** study advocates the deployment of integrated pyrolysis,anaerobic digestion,pyrolysis,and gasification technologies will ensure scalability,decomposition of recalcitrant feedstocks,and generation of high grade green *** outlook provides suggestions for future research into cost-saving and sustainable integrated technologies for green hydrogen production towards achieving carbon neutrality and a circular bio-economy.

关键词： Crop residues carbon neutrality pyrolysis gasification green hydrogen thermochemical conversion

Exercise and exerkine upregulation:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a potential non-pharmacological therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第5期48卷 693-706页

作者： VIRAAJ VISHNU PRASAD JENNIFER SALLY samson VENKATACHALAM DEEPA PARVATHI Department of Biomedical Sciences Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennai600116India

Physical activity and exercise have several beneficial roles in enhancing both physiological and psychological well-being of an *** addition to aiding the regulation of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism,exercise can stimulate the synthesis of exerkine hormones in the circulatory *** several exerkines that have been investigated for their therapeutic potential,Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is considered the most promising candidate,especially in the management of neurodegenerative *** to the ability of physical activity to enhance BDNF synthesis,several experimental studies conducted so far have validated this hypothesis and produced satisfactory results at the pre-clinical *** review highlights some of the recent animal model studies that have evaluated the efficiency of exercise in enhancing BDNF synthesis and promoting neuroprotective ***,this review focuses on understanding the therapeutic benefits of exercise-induced exerkine synthesis as a non-pharmacological strategy in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Regarding physical activity and exerkine induction,the neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)strategy could be considered as an alternate treatment modality for patients affected with PD.

关键词： Exercise therapy Dopaminergic neurons Parkinson’s disease Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Electrical stimulation

Understanding the determinants of household cooking-fuel choice in sub-Saharan Africa:evidence from Nigeria

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 144-155页

作者： Raheem Olatunji Aminu Maxwell Adizor Dzudzor Funminiyi Peter Oyawole samson Oluwaseyi Afolayan School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingReadingUK Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management Federal University of Agriculture AbeokutaOgun StateNigeria Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness University of GhanaAccraGhana

Overreliance on traditional cooking fuels by agricultural households poses a significant obstacle to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7 by 2030 in *** the emerging recognition of remittances as a crucial factor influencing cooking-fuel choices in the energy-transition literature,there is a paucity of studies examining this influence in *** data from 4400 agricultural households sourced from the fourth wave of the Nigerian Living Standard Measurement Survey data sets,this study examined the influence of remittances on cooking-fuel choices,among other factors in *** descriptive statistics and the multinomial logit regression model,the analysis reveals that traditional cooking fuels,including wood,crop residue and animal dung,continue to dominate the cooking-fuel *** empirical result of the multinomial logit model showed that households that receive remittances are more likely to use modern cooking ***,wealthier,more educated households with access to electricity are more likely to use modern and transitional cooking fuels than traditional cooking *** on the findings,the study suggests the incentivization of remittances into the country through the reduction in associated transaction costs and accelerated public infrastructural investment in affordable electricity and good road networks to connect rural areas to gas-supply networks to drive the transition to modern cooking ***,educational and awareness campaigns about the health risks associated with traditional cooking energy,particularly indoor air pollution,should be encouraged,especially in rural areas.

关键词： agricultural households cooking fuels energy ladder Nigeria remittance SDG 7

Outcome of meniscal repairs in paediatric population:A tertiary centre experience

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 547-553页

作者： Ayman Gabr samson Williams Sophie Dodd Nick Barton-Hanson Department of Trauma&Orthopaedics West Suffolk HospitalSuffolk IP332QZUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Alder Hey Children's HospitalLiverpool L145ABUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Meniscal sparing surgery is a widely utilised treatment option for unstable meniscal tears with the aim of minimising the risk of progression towards ***,there is limited data in the literature on meniscal repair outcomes in skeletally immature *** To evaluate the re-operation rate and functional outcomes of meniscal repairs in children and *** We performed a retrospective review of all patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscal repair surgery between January 2007 and January *** patients were under the age of 18 at the time of *** were all performed by a single *** was gathered from our hospital Electronic Patient Records *** primary outcome measure was re-operation rate(need for further surgery on the same meniscus).Secondary outcome measures were surgical complications and patient reported outcome measures that were International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC),Tegner and Lysholm *** We identified 59 patients who underwent 66 All-inside meniscal repairs(32 medial meniscus and 34 Lateral meniscus).Meniscal repairs were performed utilizing FasT-Fix(Smith and Nephew)*** were 37 males and 22 females with an average age of 14 years(range 6-16).The average follow-up time was 53 months(range 26-140).Six patients had concomitant anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery along with the meniscal *** were no requiring further meniscal repairs and 9 patients underwent partial *** mean postoperative IKDC score was 88(44-100),Tegner score was 7(2-10)and Lysholm score was 94(57-100).CONCLUSION Our results showed that arthroscopic repair of meniscal tears in the paediatric population is an effective treatment option that has a low failure rate and good postoperative clinical with the advantage of preserving meniscal tissues.

关键词： Meniscus Meniscal repair Outcome Meniscal preservation

Assessment of Occupational Radiation Exposure for Radiotherapy Healthcare Workers at Kenyatta National Hospital Using Thermoluminescence Dosimeter LiF:Mg,Ti

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 14-24页

作者： Collins Omondi Margaret Chege samson Omondi Department of Physics Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya College of Health Physics Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) is the largest public referral hospital with a comprehensive cancer treatment facility in East and Central Africa. Occupational radiation monitoring is a significant technique for demonstrating compliance of radiation regulatory limits. The objective of the study was to carry out assessment of occupational radiation exposure among radiotherapy personnel at KNH using thermoluminescence dosimeter, TLD. KNH staff were monitored using dosimeter type TLD-100 made of LiF:Mg,Ti, on monthly basis. The reader system used for analysis was Harshaw 8800. The measurement established the average monthly accumulated occupational personnel dose for KNH to be 0.21 mSv and 0.29 mSv for Hp (10) and Hp (0.07) respectively. The accumulated dose results were within the maximum acceptable dose of 1.67 mSv/month and 41.6 mSv/month for Hp (10) and Hp (0.07) respectively. The investigation results were higher than the acceptable public limit of 0.08 mSv/month. Moreover, incidences were noted where the fetus dose limit 0.42 was also exceeded. Evaluation of statistical dose exposure among doctors, nurses and radiographers’ measurement results were within ±0.02 mSv. The study established the average KNH occupational radiation exposure levels for both Hp (10) and Hp (0.07) were within the ICRU recommendation, validating radiation protection safe practice. Data analysis of healthcare workers did not indicate exposure trend biased to any healthcare profession. Hence radiation risk cut across all professional categories. It is recommended that Radiation Monitoring program be reviewed to include non-clinical staff who access the facility. Radiation reporting should not be limited to one facility, but reflect cases where workers are involved in multiple multiple jobs.

关键词： Occupational Monitoring Exposure Thermoluminescence Dosimeter and Radiotherapy

Evaluation of Dosimetric Impact of Uncertainty of Measurement in Estimating External Radiotherapy Dose

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 1985-1995页

作者： Collins Omondi Margaret Chege samson Omondi Physics Department Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya College of Health Physics Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya

Cancer is a major societal public health and economic problem, responsible for one in every six deaths. Radiotherapy is the main technique of treatment for more than half of cancer patients. To achieve a successful outcome, the radiation dose must be delivered accurately and precisely to the tumor, within ± 5% accuracy. Smaller uncertainties are required for better treatment outcome. The objective of the study is to investigate the uncertainty of measurement of external radiotherapy beam using a standard ionization chamber under reference conditions. Clinical farmers type ionization chamber measurement was compared against the National Reference standard, by exposing it in a beam 60Co gamma source. The measurement set up was carried out according to IAEA TRS 498 protocol and uncertainty of measurement evaluated according to GUM TEDDOC-1585. Evaluation and analysis were done for the identified subjects of uncertainty contributors. The expanded uncertainty associated with 56 mGy/nC ND,W was found to be 0.9% corresponding to a confidence level of approximately 95% with a coverage factor of k = 2. The study established the impact of dosimetry uncertainty of measurement in estimating external radiotherapy dose. The investigation established that the largest contributor of uncertainty is the stability of the ionization chamber at 36%, followed by temperature at 22% and positioning of the chamber in the beam at 8%. The effect of pressure, electrometer, resolution, and reproducibility were found to be minimal to the overall uncertainty. The study indicate that there is no flawless measurement, as there are many prospective sources of variation. Measurement results have component of unreliability and should be regarded as best estimates of the true value. .

关键词： Absorbed Dose to Water Radiotherapy Uncertainty of Measurement Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratory Ionizing Chamber

Evaluation of Air-Kerma and Absorbed Dose to Water for External Radiotherapy Beam Using Ionization Chamber

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第3期14卷 113-124页

作者： Collins Omondi Margaret Chege samson Omondi Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Radiotherapy is the most widely applied oncologic treatment modality utilizing ionizing radiation. A high degree of accuracy, reliability and reproducibility is required for a successful treatment outcome. Measurement using ionization chamber is a prerequisite for absorbed dose determination for external beam radiotherapy. Calibration coefficient is expressed in terms of air kerma and absorbed dose to water traceable to Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratory. The objective of this work was to evaluate the level of accuracy of ionization chamber used for clinical radiotherapy beam determination. Measurement and accuracy determination were carried out according to IAEA TRS 398 protocol. Clinical farmers type ionization chamber measurement and National Reference standard from Secondary Standards Dosimetry Laboratory were both exposed to cobalt-60 beam and measurement results compared under the same environmental conditions. The accuracy level between National Reference Standard and clinical radiotherapy standard was found to be −1.92% and −2.02% for air kerma and absorbed dose to water respectively. To minimize the effect of error and maximize therapeutic dose during treatment in order to achieve required clinical outcome, calibration factor was determined for air kerma (Nk) as 49.7 mGy/nC and absorbed dose to water ND, as 52.9 mGy/nC. The study established that radiotherapy beam measurement chain is prone to errors. Hence there is a need to independently verify the accuracy of radiation dose to ensure precision of dose delivery. The errors must be accounted for during clinical planning by factoring in calibration factor to minimize the systematic errors during treatment, and thereby providing enough room to achieve ±5% dose delivery to tumor target as recommended by ICRU.

关键词： Absorbed Dose to Water Air Kerma Co-60 Source Calibration SSDL Radiotherapy Beam Metrology Accuracy and Accuracy

A Novel Insertion Solution for the Travelling Salesman Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1581-1597页

作者： Emmanuel Oluwatobi Asani Aderemi Elisha Okeyinka Sunday Adeola Ajagbe Ayodele Ariyo Adebiyi Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun Temitope samson Adekunle Pragasen Mudali Matthew Olusegun Adigun Department of Computer Science Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria SDG 11 Group Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria Department of Computing MiVA UniversityAbuja900211Nigeria Department of Computer Science Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida UniversityLapai911101Nigeria Department of Computer Science University of ZululandKwadlangezwa3886South Africa Department of Computer&Industrial Production Engineering First Technical UniversityIbadan200243Nigeria Department of Multimedia Engineering Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunasLT-44249Lithuania Department of Computer Science Colorado State UniversityFort Collins80523USA

The studypresents theHalfMax InsertionHeuristic (HMIH) as a novel approach to solving theTravelling SalesmanProblem (TSP). The goal is to outperform existing techniques such as the Farthest Insertion Heuristic (FIH) andNearest Neighbour Heuristic (NNH). The paper discusses the limitations of current construction tour heuristics,focusing particularly on the significant margin of error in FIH. It then proposes HMIH as an alternative thatminimizes the increase in tour distance and includes more nodes. HMIH improves tour quality by starting withan initial tour consisting of a ‘minimum’ polygon and iteratively adding nodes using our novel Half Max *** paper thoroughly examines and compares HMIH with FIH and NNH via rigorous testing on standard TSPbenchmarks. The results indicate that HMIH consistently delivers superior performance, particularly with respectto tour cost and computational efficiency. HMIH’s tours were sometimes 16% shorter than those generated by FIHand NNH, showcasing its potential and value as a novel benchmark for TSP solutions. The study used statisticalmethods, including Friedman’s Non-parametric Test, to validate the performance of HMIH over FIH and *** guarantees that the identified advantages are statistically significant and consistent in various situations. Thiscomprehensive analysis emphasizes the reliability and efficiency of the heuristic, making a compelling case for itsuse in solving TSP issues. The research shows that, in general, HMIH fared better than FIH in all cases studied,except for a few instances (pr439, eil51, and eil101) where FIH either performed equally or slightly better thanHMIH. HMIH’s efficiency is shown by its improvements in error percentage (δ) and goodness values (g) comparedto FIH and NNH. In the att48 instance, HMIH had an error rate of 6.3%, whereas FIH had 14.6% and NNH had20.9%, indicating that HMIH was closer to the optimal solution. HMIH consistently showed superior performanceacross many benchmarks,

关键词： Nearest neighbour heuristic farthest insertion heuristic half max insertion heuristic tour construction travelling salesman problem

Resource Optimisation for 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution OFDMA Downlink Interface Air

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Wireless Engineering and Technology 2013年第4期4卷 188-197页

作者： Ayoola Akinloye Akinniranye samson adenle oyetunji Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria MTN Nigeria

This Paper describes the system model of the developed optimisation scheme which is implemented using a simulation package known as MATLAB. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution standard for the downlink air interface, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) was adopted. Frequency Selective Rayleigh fading channel is considered as a model for real life scenario of the LTE Evaluation, operating in 5 MHz downlink bandwidth of OFDMA parameters as proposed in the standard. Simulation results show that, the inherent characteristics of a communication channel can be exploited and combined with the robustness of OFDMA to optimally allocate the radio resources. The optimal channel assignment of the dynamic allocation scheme exploited in this work meets the set target of high data rate and spectral efficiency.

关键词： Communication Channels Wireless Mobile Communications Noise OFDMA