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Performance of clinical signs and symptoms,rapid and reference laboratory diagnostic tests for diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis by passive screening in Guinea:a prospective diagnostic accuracy study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 117-118页

作者： oumou camara Mamadou camara Laura Cristina Falzon Hamidou Ilboudo Jacques Kaboré Charlie Franck Alfred Compaoré Eric Maurice Fèvre Philippe Büscher Bruno Bucheton Veerle Lejon Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine Conakry Guinea International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Institute of Infection Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro Institute for Health Science Research (IRSS) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Vector-Borne Diseases and Biodiversity Unit International Research and Development Center on Livestock in Sub-Humid Areas (CIRDES) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Unit of Research and Training in Life and Earth Sciences University of Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Biomedical Sciences Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium UMR Intertryp IRD-CIRAD French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) University of Montpellier Montpellier France

Background Passive diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis(HAT)at the health facility level is a major component of HAT control in Guinea.We examined which clinical signs and symptoms are associated with HAT,and assessed the performance of selected clinical presentations,of rapid diagnostic tests(RDT),and of reference laboratory tests on dried blood spots(DBS)for diagnosing HAT in Guinea.Method The study took place in 14 health facilities in Guinea,where 2345 clinical suspects were tested with RDTs(HAT Sero-K-Set,rHAT Sero-Strip,and SD Bioline HAT).Seropositives underwent parasitological examination(reference test)to confirm HAT and their DBS were tested in indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA)/Trypanosoma brucei gambiense,trypanolysis,Loopamp Trypanosoma brucei Detection kit(LAMP)and m18S quantitative PCR(qPCR).Multivariable regression analysis assessed association of clinical presentation with HAT.Sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values of key clinical presentations,of the RDTs and of the DBS tests for HAT diagnosis were determined.Results The HAT prevalence,as confirmed parasitologically,was 2.0%(48/2345,95%CI:1.5–2.7%).Odds ratios(OR)for HAT were increased for participants with swollen lymph nodes(OR=96.7,95%CI:20.7–452.0),important weight loss(OR=20.4,95%CI:7.05–58.9),severe itching(OR=45.9,95%CI:7.3–288.7)or motor disorders(OR=4.5,95%CI:0.89–22.5).Presence of at least one of these clinical presentations was 75.6%(95%CI:73.8–77.4%)specific and 97.9%(95%CI:88.9–99.9%)sensitive for HAT.HAT Sero-K-Set,rHAT Sero-Strip,and SD Bioline HAT were respectively 97.5%(95%CI:96.8–98.1%),99.4%(95%CI:99.0–99.7%)and 97.9%(95%CI:97.2–98.4%)specific,and 100%(95%CI:92.5–100.0%),59.6%(95%CI:44.3–73.3%)and 93.8%(95%CI:82.8–98.7%)sensitive for HAT.The RDT’s positive and negative predictive values ranged from 45.2–66.7%and 99.2–100%respectively.All DBS tests had specificities≥92.9%.While LAMP and m18S qPCR sensitivities were below 50%,trypanolysis and ELISA/T.b.gambiense had sensitivities of 85.3%(95

关键词： Human African trypanosomiasis Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Diagnosis Clinical Rapid diagnostic test Sensitivity Specificity Dried blood spot Trypanolysis

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Relevance of Medical Imaging in the Pre-Therapeutic Evaluation of Acute Intestinal Obstruction at CIMED

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2024年第1期14卷 31-41页

作者： Mamoudou camara Aly Mampan Koundouno Siré Nabe Toumin camara Ousmane Aminata Bah Center for Medical Imaging Exploration and Diagnostics University of Conakry Conakry Guinea General Surgery Department of the Kankan Regional Hospital Kankan Guinea Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene Conakry Guinea General Medicine Department of the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital Siguiri Guinea CIRA Conakry Guinea

Objective: We initiated this work with the aim of studying the contribution of imaging in the diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction at CIMED. Patients and methods: This was a prospective, descriptive and analytical study involving 96 patients collected at the radiology and medical imaging department of CIMED, from January 2022 to January 2023. Result: The age of our patients varied between 11 and 86 years with an average age of 36 years. There was a male predominance of 64.6% compared to 35.4% for women, i.e. a sex ratio of 1.82. The notion of previous surgery was found in 61.5% of our patients. Pain was present in all patients. Radiography of the ASP was performed in 89.6% of patients. It showed hydro-aerial levels in 96.5% of patients. Abdominopelvic CT was performed in 12 patients and made it possible to make the diagnosis of occlusion in all patients. The results of the positive diagnosis were concordant with those intraoperatively in 92% of cases. 8% of our patients, compared to the treatment, spontaneously resumed their transit, 91% benefited from surgical treatment and 1% died before surgery. The outcome was favorable in 80 patients or 83.3%, poor with death in 16 patients or 16.7% of cases. Conclusion: Acute intestinal obstruction remains a serious pathology for which ASP radiography often remains the only radiological examination performed urgently. However, abdominopelvic CT seems widely indicated thanks to its contribution both for the positive diagnosis and for the serious and etiological diagnoses. However, this imaging technique is largely underused in our practice due to its high cost and lack of availability.

关键词： Imaging Acute Intestinal Obstruction CIMED

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Epidemiological and Hemato-Biochemical Profiles of Diabetic Patients at the Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases Department of the Alpha Oumar Diallo Regional Hospital, Kindia (Republic of Guinea)

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 108-121页

作者： Fatoumata Bah Cé camara Ousmane Sangare Elhadji Saidou Balde Karamo Toure Taliby Dos camara Mariama Kourouma César Hagassou Biology Laboratory Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry (Commune of Dixinn) Guinea Higher School of Tourism and Hospitality of Guinea Conakry Guinea Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea

This study aims to enhance the healthcare services for diabetic patients in the administrative region of Kindia by suggesting dietary interventions to assist diabetics in better managing their condition. Conducted over a period of six months, from February 18 to July 18, 2021, this prospective and descriptive cross-sectional study involved 220 diabetic patients. Among these, 48 patients (22%) maintained balanced glucose levels (2 g/l). Positive glycosuria was observed in 54% of the patients, whereas 46% demonstrated normal glycosuria. An analysis of urinary parameters revealed that 15% of the patients had abnormal Ketone Bodies. Normal HbA1c levels (9%) HbA1c levels. Hematological assessments indicated significant variation: 56% of the patients had low hemoglobin levels, 4% suffered from hyper-eosinophilia, and 1% each from hyper-basophilia and hyper-hemoglobinemia. The anemic profile was characterized as mild anemia in 75%, moderate anemia in 20%, and severe anemia in 5%. Furthermore, 25% of patients were affected by Microcytic anemia and 75% by Normocytic anemia. Demographically, women constituted 65% of the study group compared to 35% of men. The most represented age bracket was 41 to 60 years, accounting for 52% of the patients, while those between 61 and 80 years comprised 36%. Every district in Kindia was impacted by diabetes.

关键词： Epidemiology Diabetes Glucose Levels Glycosuria Metabolic Disorders Kindia

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Epdemiology and Treatment of Pseudarthrosis of Long Bones in the Servce D Orthopedics-Traumatology of the University Hospital of Donka

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期14卷 133-138页

作者： camara Nouhou Mangué Diallo Mamadou Moustapha Moustapha Alhassane Diallo Alpha Mamadou Fela Sidimé Sory camara Abdoulaye Kolié Germain Lamah Léopold Service d’Orthopédie-Traumatologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Donka Conakry Republic of Guinea

Introduction: Pseudarthrosis (PSA) of the diaphysis of long bones still remains a current problem, despite improvements in the treatment of these fractures. Our study aims to study the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of PSA of the diaphysis of long bones. Method: This retrospective work concerns 30 cases of non-union of the diaphysis of long bones treated in the orthopedic and trauma surgery department at Donka National Hospital, during a period of 18 months from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Results: We recruited 30 patients, 80% of whom were male, with an average age of 39.9 years. Public road accidents (AVP) represented the main cause of fractures of the diaphysis of long bones 87%, they were open in 25 cases or 83%. The fractures were located in the middle 1/3 of the diaphysis of the long bones in 50% of cases. Treatment of initial fractures was traditional in 21 cases, orthopedic in 2 cases and surgical in 7 cases. It was aseptic nonunion in 28 cases (93%) and septic nonunion in 2 cases. They were hypertrophic in 7 cases, slightly hypertrophic in 5 cases, oligotrophic in 11 cases, atrophic in 6 cases and with bone defect in 1 case. The treatment was based on osteosynthesis including 16 cases of screwed “PV” plate: 7 cases of centromedullary “ECM” nailing, 2 cases of external fixator, 1 case of broaching and 4 cases of Plastering. The results according to ASAMI criteria on an anatomical level were excellent in 19 cases, good in 3 cases and poor in 3 cases, with a union rate of 76%. And 5 patients undergoing consolidation. Conclusion: Based on the literature data and the experience of our department, the true treatment of PSA requires correct management of the initial fracture without forgetting the interest in preventing AVP which appears to be an element essential, making it possible to reduce the incidence of fractures of the diaphysis.

关键词： Pseudarthrosis Aseptic-Septic-Diaphysis Long Bones Screwed Plate Intramedullary Nailing Bone Graft Osteo-Muscular Decortication

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Vulvectomy: Indications and Results in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen Chu Hospital in Conakry

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 560-564页

作者： camara Mariama Barry Mamadou Sakoba Yattara Abdoulaye Touré Aboubacar Department of General Surgery H&#244pital National Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: The aim of this study was to report the indications and evaluate the results of vulvectomy in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, conducted over a period of five (05) years from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022, in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. We included in our study all patient records in whom vulvectomy was performed. Results: We recorded 15 cases of vulvectomy out of 453 perineal surgeries, i.e. 3.31%, with a mean age of 43.56 years and extremes of 35 and 69 years. Vulvar cancer was the most common diagnosis (46.67%), followed by Buschke-Lowenstein (33.33%) and anal canal cancer extending to the vulva (20%). Six patients had undergone biopsy (40%). Vulvectomy with lymph node dissection was performed in only 9 patients (60%), and all surgical specimens were sent to anatomical pathology (100%). Conclusion: Vulvectomy is a surgical technique most often indicated for the treatment of vulvar cancer.

关键词： Vulvectomy Indications Results Ignace Deen Conakry University Hospital

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Petrographic and Structural Studies of the Guintéguéla Formations (Northwest of Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第1期14卷 29-49页

作者： Mohamed Samuel Moriah Conte N’guessan Nestor Houssou Oumar Barou Kaba Mohamed Lamine Timite Abdoulaye Kadiatou Diallo Aly Soumah Mohamed camara Mohamed Fofana Djibril M’Mamy camara Applied Research Laboratory Fundamental Geology and Prospecting Research Unit Emergent Centre Mines and Society Higher Institute of Mines and Geology of Boké Boké Republic of Guinea Laboratory of Geology and Energy Resources (LGRME) UFR of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources University Felix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Republic of Ivory Coast Applicated Research Laboratory Mining and Resource Development Research Unit Emergent Centre for Mines and Society Higher Institute of Mines and Geology of Boké Boké Republic of Guinea

Côte d’Ivoire is currently experiencing strong growth in the mining sector. Identifying the formations present in our subsoil is therefore essential for mining recovery. It is in this context that we conducted studies on the formations present in the locality of Guintéguéla. It is located in the northwest of Côte d’Ivoire in the bafing region. The aim of this work was to determine the petrographic and structural characteristics of the formations of the area. The methodology began with documentation and then followed petrography and structural analysis work on the macroscopic and microscopic levels. We observed six groups of rocks: granitoids, amphibolites, orthogneiss, quartzites (poor and rich in magnetites), volcano-sediments and filonian rocks. Metamorphism is of amphibolite to granulite facies. However, volcano-sediments must be associated with the green schist facies. With regard to the structural, structures and microstructures such as foliation;fractures;sigmoidal figures reveal that the studied area was affected by ductile and also brittle tectonics whose main directions are oriented along the shear corridor, so N-S to NNW-SSE.

关键词： Mining Petrography Structural Metamorphism

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Hydrogeochemical Characterization of Aquifer Systems and Surface Water/Groundwater Relations in the Lower Senegal River Valley

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 232-254页

作者： Abibatou camara Fatou Diop Ngom Moctar Diaw Cheikh Tidiane Wade Ibrahima Mall Department of Geology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Applied Geosciences and Environment Amadou Mahtar Mbow University Dakar Senegal

This study assesses the chemical quality of water resources in the Lower Senegal River valley, based on 35 samples collected in November 2022. Major ion concentrations in surface water and groundwater were analyzed using classical geochemical interpretation diagrams (Piper, GIBBS, etc.) and multivariate geostatistical analyses, including hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results revealed three types of facies: Ca-Mg-HCO3-type facies, characteristic of poorly mineralized waters such as surface waters and groundwater from dune formations and the alluvial plain close to the hydraulic axis;Na-Cl type facies associated with well waters located in the alluvial plain that tap Inchirian or Nouakchottian shallow reservoirs and Maastrichtian deep borehole waters;and mixed Ca-Cl and Na-HCO3 type facies observed in certain floodplain and dune reservoirs. The results showed a strong correlation between sodium, chlorides, bromides, and electrical conductivity, indicating a significant contribution of these ions to groundwater mineralization. The various sources of water mineralization include mixing processes between surface water or rainwater, or calcite or dolomite dissolution processes (for weakly mineralized waters), basic exchanges or inverse basic exchanges between the aquifer and the water table (for moderately mineralized waters), and evaporation processes, halite dissolution, and paleosalinity during periods of marine transgression and regression (for highly mineralized waters). The study also highlighted the high vulnerability of the alluvial aquifer to pollution from intensive irrigated agriculture, as significant quantities of sulfates and nitrates were measured in some samples. These results also highlight the importance of water quality management in the Lower Senegal Valley, particularly as concerns the protection of the alluvial aquifer against pollution from irrigated agriculture.

关键词： Senegal River Valley Groundwater Pollution Agriculture Alluvial Aquifer

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Risk Factors for Neonatal Mortality at the Institute of Nutrition and Child Health of the Donka/Guinea-Conakry National Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 327-337页

作者： Bangoura Mmah Aminata Kolié Ouo Ouo camara Salématou Hassimiou Baldé Mariama Bangoura Kaba Diop Mamadou Moustapha camara Emmanuel Diallo Fatoumata Binta Doukouré Mamadou Aliou Mamadou Mouctar Sow Bémy Pé Néabey Institut de Nutrition et de Santé de l’Enfant Conakry Guinea Service de Pédiatrie Hô pital National Donka Conakry Guinea Service de Pédiatrie Hô pital National d’Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea

Introduction: The birth of a baby is a moment of joy and celebration. However, the neonatal period is a very delicate phase of life. Neonatal mortality rates remain high in low-income countries. In Guinea, after 20 years, this rate has fallen from 34.2% in 1998 to 32% in 2018. Objective: To identify the main risk factors for neonatal mortality. Methods: This was an observational, analytical case-control study, lasting 6 months from January 1 to June 30, 2019, conducted at the Institut de Nutrition et de la Santé de l’Enfant (INSE) at Donka National Hospital. Results: We collected 242 cases and 242 controls, i.e. a total of 484 records. 748 patients were registered, with 32.35% deaths. 82.86% of deaths occurred in the early neonatal period. Statistical analysis revealed the main risk factors: prematurity (RQ 7.39 95% CI 3.27 - 16.61 p = 0.0000003), hypothermia (RQ 2.29 95% CI 1.51 - 3.46 p = 0.0001), acute fetal distress (RQ 2.13 95% CI 1.33 - 3.43 p = 0.0016), low birth weight (QR 1.91 95% CI 1.12 - 3.24 p = 0.016), home birth (QR 3.26 95% CI 1.25 - 8.46 p = 0.015). Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is a health problem in the INSE neonatology department. To reduce the mortality rate in this referral facility, it is essential to equip it and provide ongoing training for staff.

关键词： Neonatal Mortality INSE Guinea-Conakry

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Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B in Blood Donors at the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre in Guinea

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第2期14卷 33-45页

作者： Alimou camara Ernest Thea Ives Nyankoye Haba Yamoussa Youla Ibrahima Sory Diallo Mariama Sadio Diallo Djiba Kaba Jacob camara Moussa Condé Barré Soropogui Kaba Kourouma Thierno Mamadou Tounkara Babacar Mbengue Abdoulaye Touré Sanaba Boumbaly Virology Research Centre Guinea Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea National Blood Transfusion Centre Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene Conakry Guinea Institute of Health and Childhood Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea African Centre of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases Conakry Guinea Department of Dermatology and Venereology Donka University Hospital Conakry Guine Immunology Laboratory Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Centre for Research and Training in Infectious Diseases of Guinea Conakry Guinea

Blood transfusion saves lives and reduces morbidity and mortality for a large number of diseases and clinical conditions, but it is not without danger. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and hepatitis B in blood donors received at the regional Blood Transfusion Centre of N’Zérékoré (Guinea). This was a 5-year retrospective analytical study. We included records of blood donors aged 18 to 60 years admitted to the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre for blood donation from January 2016 to December 2020. We performed a descriptive analysis followed by Chi-2 or Fish-er-exact tests and the Student or Wilcoxon test, followed by multivariate logistic regression. In this study, donor age ranged from 18 - 60 years, with a pre-dominance of donors aged 25 - 34 (44.2%). Male donors were the most represented in our study (79.0% versus 21.0% female). More than half of the donors were blood group O (55.6%). We observed a seroprevalence of 3.6% for HIV, 13.4% for HBsAg and 0.2% for co-infection. In our series, age 25 - 34 (OR = 1.89 and P = 0.001) and 35 - 44 for HIV (OR = 2.01 and P = 0.001), HBsAgserostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR of 3.04 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HIV positivity (P < 0.05). In our study, HIV serostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR = 0.01 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HBsAgseropositivity. We reported a high prevalence of HIV and HBsAg. Sex, serological status and blood donation history were associated factors.

关键词： Seroprevalence HIV Hepatitis B Blood Donors N’Zérékoré Guinea

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Therapeutic Compliance of Hypertensive Patients Followed in Ambulatory in the Cardiology Department of Kati University Hospital

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 333-342页

作者： Boubacar Sonfo Coumba Thiam Mariam Sako Massama Konaté Youssouf camara Mamadou Touré Boubacar Diarra Diakaridja Sacko Samba Sidibé Bassan Diarra Hamidou camara Asmaou Keita Konimba Diarra Hamidou Oumar Bâ Ibrahima Sangaré Youssouf Guindo Sanoussi Daffe Daouda Fofana Souleymane Coulibaly Ichaka Menta Department of Cardiology University Hospital Bocar Sidy Sall Kati Mali Department of Cardiology University Hospital of Point G Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology University Hospital Mother-Child Luxembourg Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology University Hospital Gabriel Tour&#233 Bamako Mali Department of Cardiology Kayes Hospital Kayes Mali

Introduction: High blood pressure is a major public health problem worldwide due to its frequency and cardiovascular complications. Adherence to treatment for chronic diseases is a global problem. The aim was to study therapeutic adherence in hypertensive patients followed in ambulatory. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with prospective recruitment that took place from July 1 to December 31, 2022 (6 months) in the cardiology department of the university hospital of Kati. The variables studied were sociodemographic data, cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities, the possession of insurance and compliance (the Girerd questionnaire was used to assess adherence). Results: A total of 1182 patients were consulted, including 887 for hypertension, a frequency of 75%. Fifty-six patients were included in the study. The average age was 58.18 ± 13.25 years with extremes of 30 and 80 years. There was a female predominance (75%) with a sex ratio of 0.3. The majority of patients lived in urban areas (89.3%). Out-of-school patients accounted for 44.6%, more than half of patients or 55.4% had no income, patients with medical coverage accounted for 67.9% of cases. The main risk factors were physical inactivity (25%) followed by smoking 14.3%. More than 71% of patients had a compliance problem and the main reasons were forgetting to take the drug with 73.2%, followed by delayed treatment of 50% and drug discontinuation of 28.6%. Conclusion: Compliance is a real challenge and a major public health issue. This study allowed us to find a real problem of compliance in our hypertensive patients. There was a statistically significant relationship between drug adherence and forgetting to take the drug and drug discontinuation.

关键词： Hypertensive Therapeutic Adherence University Hospital of Kati

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