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AT1 receptor downregulation:A mechanism for improving glucose homeostasis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第3期14卷 170-178页

作者： Diana L Lopez oscar E Casillas Hiram J jaramillo Tatiana Romero-Garcia J.Gustavo Vazquez-Jimenez Department of Internal Medicine General Hospital of MexicaliMexicali 21000Baja CaliforniaMexico Faculty of Medicine Autonomous University of Baja CaliforniaMexicali 21000Baja CaliforniaMexico Faculty of Sports Autonomous University of Baja CaliforniaMexicali 21289Baja CaliforniaMexico

There is a pathophysiological correlation between arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, established since the pre-diabetic state in the entity known as insulin resistance. It is known that high concentrations of angiotensin-Ⅱ enable chronic activation of the AT1 receptor, promoting sustained vasoconstriction and the consequent development of high blood pressure. Furthermore, the chronic activation of the AT1 receptor has been associated with the development of insulin resistance. From a molecular outlook, the AT1 receptor signaling pathway can activate the JNK kinase. Once activated, this kinase can block the insulin signaling pathway, favoring the resistance to this hormone. In accordance with the previously mentioned mechanisms, the negative regulation of the AT1receptor could have beneficial effects in treating metabolic syndrome and type 2diabetes mellitus. This review explains the clinical correlation of the metabolic response that diabetic patients present when receiving negatively regulatory drugs of the AT1 receptor.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus High blood pressure Insulin receptor Insulin signaling pathway AT1 receptor Angiotensin II signaling pathway

Synthesis of Ceramic Pigments ACr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>Using the Non-Conventional Method of Co-Precipitation Assisted by Ultrasound and High Energy Milling

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Open Journal of Inorganic Non 2014年第4期4卷 54-63页

作者： Leidy Johana jaramillo Nieves oscar Jaime Restrepo Baena Jorge Iván Tobón Federal University of San Carlos San Carlos Brazil Materials and Minerals Department Universidad Nacional de Colombia Medellín Colombia

In this research ceramic pigments have been synthesized with crystalline spinel structure and chromium based with a stoichiometry ACr2O4. A was an element with +2 valence metal, in this case, metals were zinc and iron, these pigments have been synthesized by non-conventional methods like the co-precipitation assisted by ultrasound and high milling energy. Pigments were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), spectrophotometry, and colorimetric CIELab method. Results showed that it was possible to obtain a crystallin desired structure at temperatures below 900°C by non-conventional methods. These results showed the advantages of ceramic pigments obtained by alternative routes, because it was possible to have a better control over stoichiometry and colorimetric structure properties. Furthermore, they were obtained at temperatures lower than those used by the traditional ceramic route.

关键词： Pigments Synthesis Ceramics Chemical Reactions Color

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Three Andean Countries: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis 2000-2017

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2019年第10期9卷 718-736页

作者： Juan Moreira Patricia Ortiz Roberto Sempertegui Mariella Anselmi Karen Pesse Edison jaramillo oscar Betancourt Gianni Tognoni Centro de Epidemiología Comunitaria y Medicina Tropical Esmeraldas Ecuador Fundación Salud Ambiente y Desarrollo Quito Ecuador Departamento de Pediatria Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i Medicina Preventiva Doctorante en Metodología de la Investigación Biomédicay Salud Pública Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Barcelona España Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Facultad de Medicina Quito Ecuador Fondazione Mario Negri Sud Sta Maria Imbaro Italy

Background and Objective: A systematic review of the epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity and smoking in three Latin American countries was carried out. Reliability and local representativeness of this information is fundamental for tailoring non-communicable disease control strategies to the context. Materials and Methods: Electronic databases and gray literature were searched for descriptive and cross-sectional population studies reporting prevalence of the above-mentioned risk factors in populations aged over 18 years in Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia, published between January 2000 and December 2017. Results: 29 articles, which together included a population of 38,271 individuals, were incorporated in the synthesis. A pooled prevalence was obtained for?each risk factor: smoking in men 37.60% [31.56 - 43.63] was the most frequent risk factor, followed by hypercholesterolemia 26.45% [18.89 - 34.02] and obesity in women 25.53% [19.78 - 31.29]. The Global prevalence of hypertension was 19.54% [15.34 - 23.74], similar for men and women (23.11;23.26 respectively). Conclusions: Estimated pooled prevalence for the main cardiovascular risk factors is high and similar to the ones reported by international estimates, especially for hypertension and obesity. Estimated prevalence of diabetes was lowerthan the previously reported whereas for smoking it was higher. Although prevalence can be a useful indicator for monitoring the epidemiological situation of NCCD in a country, other indicators, especially?those allowing visualizing the results of interventions at local level are needed.

关键词： Cardiovascular Hypertension Risk Factors

Differential Effect on Two Immobility Responses by Chronic Administration of 1,3-di-o-Tolyl-Guanidine (Sigma Receptor Agonist) in Rats with Neonatal Ventral Hippocampal Lesion

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第7期5卷 681-690页

作者： Blanca Estela jaramillo Fidel De la Cruz Genaro Vargas oscar O. Morales Gonzalo Flores Sergio R. Zamudio Linda Garcés-Ramírez Departamento de Fisiología Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional México D. F. México Instituto de Fisiología Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Programa Educativo de la Ingeniería en Biotecnología Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca Zempoala Hidalgo México

The effect of chronic administration of the sigma agonist: 1,3-di-o-tolyl-guanidine (DTG), in neonatal ventral hippocampal lesioned (nVHL) rats, on the immobility by clamping and dorsal immobility, were investigated. The nVHL increases the duration of immobility by clamping, but does not affect the duration of the dorsal immobility. We found that DTG augments the duration of the dorsal immobility in the unlesioned rats, but does not modify the duration of immobility induced by clamping the neck. DTG also counteracts the increase in the duration of the immobility by clamping produced by nVHL. However, the increase in the duration of the dorsal immobility produced by DTG is counteracted by nVHL. These results are discussed with respect to the differential effect on the two immobility responses tested, suggesting that they are different forms of immobility mediated by different mechanisms although they behaviorally share common characteristics.

关键词： Immobility Response Sigma Receptor DTG Schizophrenia Neonatal Ventral Hippocampal Lesion