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Cultures of Science 2022年第1期5卷 33-49页

作者： Miguel García-Guerrero Bruce v Lewenstein Autonomous University of Zacatecas Cornell University

Science recreation workshops(SRWs) create dynamic experiences in which participants discover, explore and understand natural phenomena. This serves as a unique and valuable means of the public communication of science and technology and informal science education activities, with the public at the centre of the process. To achieve this, SRWs integrate action and reflection not as a dichotomy, but as a complementary relation in which sensorial interaction is not a thoughtless process and mental activity is not disembodied. In this way, SRWs create virtuous cycles of meaningful ***, SRW practitioners thus far have not paid enough attention to the development of a theoretical foundation to support their strategies; they remain highly dependent on empirical experience and tacit knowledge. The little attention paid to the creation of a conceptual framework represents a critical barrier for reflection, discussion and, with them, the maturation of the SRW *** work links a characterization of the SRW, built upon empirical experiences, to a variety of learning theories to identify an essential basis for discussion on the subject. Our objective is to complement the rich empirical tradition of the SRW with analytic elements intended to encourage discussion and promote—as tends to happen in activities with the public—virtuous cycles of theory and practice.

关键词： Science recreation workshops public communication of science and technology informal science education experience-based science activities

Skin fold thickness at abdomen:a simple anthropometric measurement may compliment metabolic syndrome definition in patients with normal waist circumference

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2006年第2期3卷 85-92页

作者： Toan C Nguyen Thai Q Ngo Son v Nguyen Hieu T Luong Khoa TA Pham Cong D Nguyen vietnam Military Medical University Ha ToyVietnam

Backgroud and Objectives Previous studies have reported that skin fold thickness (SF) strongly correlated with insulin resistance in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we developed a MetS definition by SF at A8 point (SFA8) on Erdheim diagram(MetSSFA8) in essential hypertensive patients. Subjects and Methods Medical records of 268 essential hypertensive patients (126males and 122 females) were analyzed, including 210 non-diabetic patients (NDM group) and 58 patients with diabetes (DM group).The mean age was 61.4 ± 9.9 and 59.0 ± 11.0 years, respectively. The control group consisted of 90 non-diabetic, non-hypertensive patients with a mean age of 58.0 ± 11.3 years. The proposed MetSSFA8 definition included SFA8 specific values ( ≥30 mm in female and ≥27 mm in male) and at least two of the following: raised triglyceride levels ( ≥1.7 mmol/L), or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality; raised blood pressure (SBP≥130 mmHg and/or DBP≥85 mmHg), or treatment of previously diagnosed hypertension;reduced HDL-cholesterol (＜ 1.03 mmol/L in men, ＜1.29 mmol/L in women), or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality; raised fasting plasma glucose (≥5.6 mmol/l), or previously diagnosed DM. Metabolic Syndrome by the National Cholesterol Education Program and International Diabetes Federation definitions were determined with abdominal obesity defined by Asia-Pacific criteria for waist circumference (NCEPA and IDFA). Results The percentage of MetS as defined by NCEPA, IDFA and MetSSFA8 in NDM group was lower than that of NCEPA, IDFA and MetSSFA8 in DM group [OR=7.7 (95%CI, 2.9-20.2) and 2.5 (95%CI, 1.4-4.8) and 2.7(95%CI, 1.3-5.6), respectively] and higher than that of the control group [OR=53.3 (95%CI, 16.7-170.6), 5.8 (95%CI, 2.6-13.2) and18.8 (95%CI, 7.3-48.7), respectively]. The percentage of MetS by NCEPA, IDFA and MetSSFA8 in males in NDM group was lower than the percentage of MetS by NCEPA, IDFA and MetSSFA8 in females in NDM group (50.8% and 77.9%, P＜ 0.0

关键词： skin fold thickness metabolic syndrome hypertension

To an Axiomatic Model of Rate of Growth

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第9期4卷 1326-1332页

作者： václav Studeny Ivan Mezník Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Economics and Administration Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic Institute of Informatics Faculty of Business and Management Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic

In the paper an axiomatic approach to express rates of growth is presented. The formula is given of rate of growth at a point as the limit case of rate of growth on an interval and the inverse formula is derived to compute present and future value of capital for an integrable rate of growth. Incidentally some inconsistencies in currently used formulas are pointed out.

关键词： Interest Rate Inflation Rate Rate of Growth

Phonon Mediated Electron-Electron Scattering in Metals

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2018年第3期8卷 115-129页

作者： v.Palenskis E.Zitkevicius Physics Faculty of vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania Department of Electronic Systems Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Vilnius Lithuania

It is shown that the linear resistivity dependence on temperature for metals above the Debye’s temperature mainly is caused by electron-electron scattering of randomly moving electrons. The electron mean free path in metals at this temperature range is in inverse proportion to the effective density of randomly moving electrons, i.e. it is in inverse proportion both to the temperature, and to the density-of-states at the Fermi surface. The general relationships for estimation of the average diffusion coefficient, the average velocity, mean free length and average relaxation time of randomly moving electrons at the Fermi surface at temperatures above the Debye’s temperature are presented. The effective electron scattering cross-sections for different metals also are estimated. The calculation results of resistivity dependence on temperature in the range of temperature from 1 K to 900 K for Au, Cu, Mo, and Al also are presented and compared with the experimental data. Additionally in temperature range from 1 K to 900 K for copper, the temperature dependences of the mean free path, average diffusion coefficient, average drift mobility, average Hall mobility, average relaxation time of randomly moving electrons, and their resultant phonon mediated scattering cross-section are presented.

关键词： Effective Density of Randomly Moving Electrons Electron-Electron Scattering Electron Diffusion Coefficient Electron Mean Free Path Scattering Cross-Section

A Comparative Study on the Milling Speed for the Synthesis of Nano-Structured Al 6063 Alloy Powder by Mechanical Alloying

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第6期10卷 507-515页

作者： Hafeez Ahamed v. Senthil Kumar Department of Production Engineering National Institute of Technology Thiruchirappalli-620015 India.

The present article reports on characterization studies performed on amorphized nanostructured Al 6063 alloy powder synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA). The as-milled powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for investigating the development of crystallite nature and determining the different phases of the materials present, scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for in depth morphological study and High Resolution-transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) was employed to ensure the development of a nano-structured nature of the Al 6063 matrix. In the present work alloyed powder was milled for 20 h and 40 h at 300 rpm;and 20 h at 700 rpm in a hardened stainless steel medium. Using Williamson-Hall equation;crystallite size, lattice strain and lattice parameter of Al 6063 nanostructure alloy powder was estimated with broadening of XRD peaks. XRD results showed that the crystallite size of Al 6063 alloy powder reached 32 and 53 nm after 20 h at 700 rpm and 40 h at 300 rpm respectively.

关键词： Nano-structured Al 6063 Synthesis.

A Distributed Trust Based Secure Communication Framework for Wireless Sensor Network

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Wireless Sensor Network 2014年第9期6卷 173-183页

作者： Geetha v. K. Chandrasekaran Department of Information Technology National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal KarnatakaIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Karnataka India

The wireless sensor network is an emerging technology, which is used to sense and monitor the environment. As the nodes are deployed in an open environment, the security is one of the essential factors. The cryptography techniques can ensure confidentiality, integrity and authentication. However, wireless sensor network also needs to deal with inside and outside attackers. To deal with outside attackers, attacks by compromised or malicious nodes, trust management system is suggested by many researchers in the area of wireless sensor network. Trust management system can be implemented in various applications for security management such as secure data aggregation, secure cluster head selection, trusted routing, access control, etc. Many researchers provide different kind of solutions for these secure applications based on trust management. However, to incorporate, all such applications on a single sensor node in the network, it is essential to design and develop a trust management system, which considers various aspects and applications of wireless sensor network. As a result, in this paper, we would like to propose a parameter and trust factor based secure communication framework and design a trust management system for wireless sensor networks. Our main contribution is to identify various parameters and trust factors which influences on trust in wireless sensor network and developing a framework for a trust management system based on various parameters and trust factors. The working of the proposed model is shown by simulation experiments conducted in MATLAB for the application of secure communication, data aggregation and intrusion detection in wireless sensor networks.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Network Trust Management System Black Hole Sinkhole DOS Trust Factors

New-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation:Current status and future directions

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第3期6卷 445-455页

作者： Sneha Palepu G v Ramesh Prasad Division of Nephrology University of TorontoSt.Michael’s Hospital

A diagnosis of new-onset diabetes after transplantation(NODAT) carries with it a threat to the renal allograft,as well as the same short-and long-term implications of type 2 diabetes seen in the general *** usually occurs early after transplantation,and is usually diagnosed according to general population ***-modifiable risk factors for NODAT include advancing age,African American,Hispanic,or South Asian ethnicity,genetic background,a positive family history for diabetes mellitus,polycystic kidney disease,and previously diagnosed glucose *** risk factors for NODAT include obesity and the metabolic syndrome,hepatitis C virus and cytomegalovirus infection,corticosteroids,calcineurin inhibitor drugs(especially tacrolimus),and *** affects graft and patient survival,and increases the incidence of post-transplant cardiovascular *** incidence and impact of NODAT can be minimized through pre-and post-transplant screening to identify patients at higher risk,including by oral glucose tolerance tests,as well as multi-disciplinary care,lifestyle modification,and the use of modified immunosuppressive regimens coupled with glucose-lowering therapies including oral hypoglycemic agents and *** NODAT is a major cause of post-transplant morbidity and mortality,measures to reduce its incidence and impact have the potential to greatly improve overall transplant success.

关键词： Cyclosporine Graft Kidney New-onsetdiabetes Tacrolimus Transplantation

Sugammadex: Role in current anaesthetic practice and its safety benefits for patients

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World Journal of Anesthesiology 2015年第3期4卷 66-72页

作者： Michael v Copp Thomas F Barrett Department of Anaesthesia Cheltenham General Hospital

Sugammadex has revolutionized anaesthetic management of reversal of neuromuscular block(NMB) by way of its unique mechanism of action encapsulating the amino steroid neuromuscular blocking drugs rocuroniumand vecuronium. The cholinesterase inhibitors have significant pharmacological and clinical limitations whereas sugammadex allows predictable, safe and rapid reversal from any depth of blockade. The financial cost of sugammadex is significant. Many hospitals in the United Kingdom use clinical guidelines to direct best use of sugammadex in their institutions. Auditing the use of sugammadex provides useful information on which patients are benefiting from sugammadex. The clinical benefits of sugammadex are well understood. No patient should now be subjected to the danger of post-operative residual curarization. versatility in the ability to reverse NMB has brought opportunities to the anaesthetist in the management of rapid sequence induction using high dose rocuronium with the knowledge that safe reversal of NMB is now possible in the unlikely event of a "can't intubate can't ventilate" situation. Do we still need suxamethonium to be available? The nature of surgery continues to evolve with ever-increasing enthusiasm for minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques. There is evidence to support using a deeper level of NMB to improve the working space and operating conditions in laparoscopic surgery. It is now possible to maintain a deep level of NMB right up until the end of surgery with no concerns about the ability to effect safe reversal of NMB. vigilance about the possibility of allergic sensitivity to sugammadex needs to be maintained. The increased usage of rocuronium has the potential for rocuroniuminduced anaphylaxis. Conversely, there is a potential role for sugammadex in the treatment of rocuronium anaphylaxis. Clinicians who have used sugammadex are struck with the quality of recovery seen in their patients. It is important that the economic implications of

关键词： Sugammadex Neuromuscular block Clinical benefits Patient safety Cost benefit

Forced Oscillation of Solutions of a Fractional Neutral Partial Functional Differential Equation

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Applied Mathematics 2015年第8期6卷 1302-1317页

作者： v. Sadhasivam J. Kavitha Post Graduate and Research Department of Mathematics Thiruvalluvar Government Arts College Rasipuram Namakkal Dt. Tamil Nadu India

In this paper, we will establish the sufficient conditions for the oscillation of solutions of neutral time fractional partial differential equation of the form for where Ω??is a bounded domain in RN with a piecewise smooth boundary ?is a constant, is the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative of order a?of u with respect to t and is the Laplacian operator in the Euclidean N-space RN subject to the

关键词： Fractional Neutral Oscillation Partial Functional

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卵磷脂对甲烷水合物形成的影响

化工学报 2007年第11期58卷 2895-2900页

作者：陈卫东 Patil S.L. Kamath v.A. Chukwu G.A. 中海油田服务股份有限公司 University of Alaska-Fairbanks FairbanksAK 99775USA Oil and Gas Division Reliance Industries LimitedNavi MumbaiIndia

建立了用于测定卵磷脂(lecithin)对钻井液中水合物形成影响的实验装置及方法,以理解化学添加剂卵磷脂对北极Cascade地区钻井过程中水合物层的稳定作用。本研究旨在理解卵磷脂对纯水中甲烷水合物形成热力学和动力学的影响。结果表明,卵... 详细信息

建立了用于测定卵磷脂(lecithin)对钻井液中水合物形成影响的实验装置及方法,以理解化学添加剂卵磷脂对北极Cascade地区钻井过程中水合物层的稳定作用。本研究旨在理解卵磷脂对纯水中甲烷水合物形成热力学和动力学的影响。结果表明,卵磷脂基本上不影响甲烷水合物生成的热力学条件,但当卵磷脂在水中的浓度超过0.003g.g-1时,它会影响甲烷水合物的生成速度和数量,是很好的水合物生成动力学促进剂。

关键词：甲烷水合物热力学动力学卵磷脂纯水促进剂